Diabetes research and clinical practice最新文献

{"title":"Addressing the prediabetes epidemic in India: Challenges and strategies for prevention – A narrative review","authors":"R. Sowmya ,&nbsp;V. Supriya ,&nbsp;M. Rajkumar ,&nbsp;K. Silambuselvi","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prediabetes is a global health concern, with India ranking second in terms of diabetes burden. The rapid transition from prediabetes to diabetes, driven by urbanization and globalization, underscores the need for effective intervention programs to prevent the diabetes epidemic. This narrative review explores the prevalence of prediabetes and its demographic determinants in India, the challenges in addressing prediabetes, the necessity for culturally tailored intervention programs and future directions for a population-based approach. A review of systematic reviews, peer-reviewed studies, national health surveys, and diabetes prevention trials was considered. Key reports from the World Health Organization and American Diabetes Association were also included via PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Prediabetes prevalence varies across India and is influenced by demographic disparities and inconsistencies in diagnostic criteria. Low screening prioritization, poor health literacy, limited research intensity and policy gaps hinder detection and intervention efforts. A multisectoral population-based approach that strengthens primary health care services and implements cost effective interventions is critical to curb the diabetes epidemic. Enhancing research, leveraging digital innovations and adopting global diabetes prevention models in the Indian context can improve prediabetes management and reduce the future burden of diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112381"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The outcome of abnormal glucose metabolism and its clinical features in patients with Cushing’s disease after curative surgery","authors":"Qiaoli Cui ,&nbsp;Yujia Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Liu ,&nbsp;Quanya Sun ,&nbsp;Wanwan Sun ,&nbsp;Min He ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhaoyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yiming Li ,&nbsp;Hongying Ye ,&nbsp;Yufen Shen ,&nbsp;Shuo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the outcomes of abnormal glucose metabolism and its clinical characteristics in patients with Cushing’s disease (CD) who achieved biochemical remission after surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients diagnosed with CD who achieved biochemical remission and underwent regular follow-up after surgery were enrolled. Pre- and postoperative clinical data<!--> <!-->were collected and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>151CD patients were included, of whom 80 (53 %) had preoperative abnormal glucose metabolism, including 56 with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 24 with impaired glucose regulation (IGR). At one year after surgery, 57 patients exhibited improved glucose metabolism, accompanied by a significant reduction in the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Improvements were mainly observed at 3 and 6 months after surgery. At one-year after surgery, there were 20 patients with diabetes and 16 with IGR. Compared to those with NGT, these individuals exhibited a higher prevalence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, and abnormal bone metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CD patients demonstrated a high incidence of abnormal glucose metabolism. Notably, approximately two-thirds demonstrated improved glucose metabolism one year after curative surgery, with the greatest improvements observed at 3- to 6-month postoperative follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112382"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which treatment modality offers the best outcomes for diabetic retinopathy? A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Kai-Yang Chen ,&nbsp;Hoi-Chun Chan ,&nbsp;Chi-Ming Chan","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of preventable blindness globally, with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) being the most vision-threatening complications. While panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) has been the traditional treatment for PDR, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapies have emerged as effective alternatives. However, the comparative efficacy and safety of these interventions remain unclear. This network <em>meta</em>-analysis aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of anti-VEGF agents, PRP, and combination therapies in improving visual and anatomical outcomes in patients with DR.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and clinical trial registries was conducted up to February 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing anti-VEGF agents (Ranibizumab, Aflibercept, Bevacizumab), PRP, or their combination in patients with DR were included. Primary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT). Secondary outcomes included neovascularization regression, rates of vision-threatening complications, and adverse events. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to synthesize direct and indirect evidence.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>A total of 28 RCTs involving 6,450 patients were included. Anti-VEGF therapies demonstrated superior BCVA improvement compared to PRP at 12 months (mean difference: +3.39 letters; 95 % CI: +1.85 to +4.93). Anti-VEGF agents also achieved greater CRT reduction (−24.50 µm; 95 % CI: −39.03 to −9.97) and higher rates of neovascularization regression (odds ratio: 6.15). Combination therapy provided additional benefits for CRT reduction (–33.10 µm at 3 months). Anti-VEGF agents had fewer adverse events compared to PRP, including lower rates of visual field loss and raised intraocular pressure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Anti-VEGF therapies are more effective than PRP in improving visual acuity, reducing macular thickness, and controlling neovascularization in DR patients while exhibiting superior safety profiles. Combination therapy may offer added benefits in specific scenarios. These findings support anti-VEGF agents as first-line treatments for vision-threatening DR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 112379"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential of 1H NMR spectroscopy for diabetes diagnosis: a review of current applications and future directions","authors":"Ariane Schiavenin ,&nbsp;Letícia Bergoza ,&nbsp;Ru Angelie Edrada-Ebel ,&nbsp;Sidnei Moura","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By 2045, it is estimated that approximately 783 million, will be living with diabetes. The incidence of diabetes as well other types of is increasing annually and is associated with many adverse outcomes. Early prediction of the risk of hyperglycaemia and intervention are thus important to reduce adverse outcomes. Studies have revealed a correlation between the levels of amino acids, fatty acids, triglycerides, and other metabolites and the occurrence of diabetes. The development of high-throughput technologies used in metabolomics has enabled the detection of changes in the levels of small-molecule metabolites, which can help reflect the overall physiological and pathological status of the body and explore the underlying mechanisms of the development of diabetes. Thus, this review aims to explore the role of metabolomics as promising alternative for hyperglycaemia diagnoses using NMR, as a guide for researchers, as well as for routine method diagnostic users and to provide data for the development of strategies to manage diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112380"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The equality and disparities of progress in the diabetic foot in the North American and Caribbean (NAC) region","authors":"Simone McConnie,&nbsp;Collaborators and contributors","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eighty-five (85%), of lower limb amputations are preventable. Amidst all the research and data on prevention, has there been any improvements within the North American and Caribbean region? Exploring the current data and outcomes it shows that there has been no improvement in the diabetic foot and the resulting suffering associated. There seems to be a connection between systemic racism, accessibility from a financial and political base line and lack of education on the impact prevention and policies that can be implemented to halt this crisis. The recognition of this fact has supported the launch of new collaborative efforts through the Limb preservation alliance. This new organisation will work with and through other organisations to expand on the mission of avoidable amputations. Some of these organisations to date are Wounds Canada, Caribbean Wounds network, American Limb preservation Society and others within the region, with the view point that weighing in can be impactful for our future outcomes. The outcome is a focus on prevention not treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"227 ","pages":"Article 112371"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond glycemic metrics: Real-world benefits of connected insulin pens in type 1 diabetes","authors":"A. Chico ,&nbsp;M. Pazos-Couselo ,&nbsp;L. Nattero-Chavez ,&nbsp;O. Simó-Servat ,&nbsp;M. Durán-Martínez ,&nbsp;E. Ugarte-Abasolo ,&nbsp;E. Aguilera ,&nbsp;V. Andía ,&nbsp;J. Moreno-Fernández ,&nbsp;M. Granados ,&nbsp;A. Rebollo ,&nbsp;E. Fernandez-Rubio ,&nbsp;C. Quirós ,&nbsp;M. Alpañés ,&nbsp;R. Márquez ,&nbsp;P. Beato-Vibora ,&nbsp;O. Lado-Baleato ,&nbsp;MJ. Picón-César ,&nbsp;Diabetes Technology Working Group of the Spanish Diabetes Society","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>To determine whether connected insulin pens can improve glucose control, variability and patient-reported outcomes in type 1 diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Prospective, multicenter, real-life clinical practice study with 220 participants treated with multiple daily insulin injections and continuous glucose monitoring. HbA1c, glucometry, quality of life, awareness and fear of hypoglycemia, treatment satisfaction and glucose variability were analyzed before and 12 weeks after using connected pens, with no changes in the treatment regimen or the type of insulin during this period. Omitted basal and prandial insulin injections and delayed prandial doses were recorded and analyzed for their influence on glycemic control.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Time in range (TIR), hypoglycemia awareness and patient-reported outcomes improved and HbA1c decreased. Time spent with glucose 120–140 mg/dl increased, whereas time spent 240–300 mg/dl decreased. The omission of basal and prandial insulin doses was frequent (33.8 % and 65.7 %, respectively) as well delayed injections (90.5 %). The omission of basal insulin had a greater impact than prandial omissions: increase in 10/16 variability indexes examined and time above range, and decrease in TIR and TTIR. Delayed prandial doses elicited an increase in 7/16 analyzed variability parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Connected insulin pens enhanced glycemic control, mitigated glucose variability and improve patient-reported outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112377"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Economic burden of podiatric care for diabetic foot ulcers in the Czech Republic: A prospective multicenter study\". [Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 223 (2025) 112141].","authors":"Vladimíra Fejfarová, Miroslav Koliba, Pavlína Piťhová, Milan Flekač, Věra Prýmková, Johana Venerová, Jan Stryja, Martina Košková, Hana Kůsová, Jan Mareš, Alexandra Jirkovská, Jarmila Jirkovská, Bedřich Sixta","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112369","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":"112369"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of diabetic retinopathy using machine learning and its association with dementia risk in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"So Hee Lee ,&nbsp;Gyubeom Hwang ,&nbsp;Dong Yun Lee ,&nbsp;Ja Young Jeon ,&nbsp;Seung-Jin Kwag ,&nbsp;Seo Young Sohn ,&nbsp;Sang Joon Park ,&nbsp;Dughyun Choi ,&nbsp;Sang Youl Rhee ,&nbsp;Rae Woong Park","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), a common microvascular complication of diabetes, has been associated with an increased risk of dementia. This study aimed to develop Machine Learning (ML) models to predict DR occurrence and evaluate its potential as a prognostic biomarker for dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 27,929 patients aged ≥ 50 years newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus without prior dementia or eye disease. Prediction models for DR within one year were developed using three ML algorithms: extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. The best-performing model was externally validated across eight institutions. Patients were followed for three years to assess dementia incidence. Dementia risk between ML-predicted DR and non-DR groups was compared using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression, with results pooled via meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>XGBoost demonstrated the best performance (AUROC: 0.746), with external validation AUROCs ranging from 0.555 to 0.620. Predicted DR was significantly associated with increased all-cause dementia risk (HR: 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.56), Alzheimer’s disease (HR: 1.30, 95% CI 1.07–1.58), and vascular dementia (HR: 1.38, 95% CI 1.12–1.69).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ML-predicted DR was significantly associated with future dementia, highlighting its value in early risk stratification among patients with diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112378"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144658692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Divergence in prediabetes guidelines - A global perspective\" [Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 223 (2025) 112142].","authors":"Gupta Pragati, Pozzilli Paolo","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":"112370"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel data-driven pathophysiological phenotypes among women with prediabetes in an Indian population","authors":"Elezebeth Mathews ,&nbsp;Anjaly Joseph ,&nbsp;Thakarakattil Narayanan Nair Anand ,&nbsp;Brian Oldenburg ,&nbsp;Kavumpurathu R. Thankappan ,&nbsp;K M Venkat Narayan","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Data on pathophysiological phenotypes for prediabetes in Indian ethnic populations are scarce. We investigated data-driven, pathophysiological phenotypes of prediabetes associated with the incidence of diabetes mellitus.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We characterised pathophysiological prediabetes phenotypes in a survey sample (n = 1455), and its progression to diabetes at one year. Data-driven clusters were identified using<!--> <!-->k-means cluster algorithm along with measures of glycaemia, adiposity, dyslipidaemia, beta-cell function, insulin resistance and blood pressure. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the risk of diabetes incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four distinct pathophysiological prediabetes phenotypes were identified: Phenotype 1 (Combined Insulin Resistant and Deficient Prediabetes – CIRDP) [n = 323, 22.2 %]; Phenotype 2 (Severe Insulin Resistant Obese Prediabetes – SIROP) [n = 290, 19.9 %]; Phenotype 3 (Severe Insulin Deficient Prediabetes – SIDP) [n = 544, 37.4 %] and Phenotype 4 (High Blood Pressure Moderate Insulin Deficient Prediabetes – HBPMIDP) [n = 298, 20.5 %]. At one year, the progression to diabetes was highest in Phenotype 1-CIRDP (OR: 6.07, 95 % CI: 3.59–10.65), followed by Phenotype 4-HBPMIDP (OR: 2.05, 95 % CI-1.10, 3.87) compared to Phenotype 3-SIDP after adjusting for age, BMI, educational and marital status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CIRDP and HBPMIDP had higher progression rates to diabetes at one year compared to SIDP. Eighty percent of the pathophysiological prediabetes phenotypes displayed beta-cell dysfunction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"226 ","pages":"Article 112374"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}