{"title":"Awareness of diabetes stigma and advocacy among future physicians: insights from the first real-world survey among medical trainees in Japan","authors":"Mari Matsushiro , Kazuya Motohashi , Takaaki Murakami , Shutaro Uchiyama , Yuta Nakamura , Hayao Yoshida , Kentro Sakaki , Yamato Keidai , Naoki Wada , Daisuke Taura , Eri Ikeguchi , Masakatsu Sone , Tomoko Miyoshi , Hitomi Kataoka , Alicia Josephine Jenkins , Daisuke Yabe","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Diabetes stigma is an important issue, and healthcare providers may inadvertently perpetuate it. However, the extent to which future physicians—medical students and residents—are aware of diabetes stigma and advocacy remains poorly understood. This first real-world study aimed to assess their understanding of diabetes stigma and advocacy and identify the needs for strategic interventions in medical education.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a questionnaire-based survey between July 2024 and March 2025 among medical students at three training stages (preclinical, clinical lectures, and clinical training group) and residents from two universities and university hospitals in eastern and western Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 1607 potential participants, 921 responses were analyzed. Overall, 57·0% and 25·9% of participants reported awareness of diabetes stigma and advocacy, respectively. Awareness significantly increased with advancing training stage compared with the preclinical group (p < 0·01). Despite this trend, nearly half of them across all training stages had misconceptions and limited knowledge about diabetes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Japanese future physicians demonstrated limited understanding of diabetes stigma and advocacy, although clinical education appeared to improve awareness. These findings highlight the need for a structured, multi-stage framework within medical education to more effectively address stigma and prepare future physicians to contribute to its eradication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112937"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K Dovc, Ak Tuomaala, S Kuusela, A Shetty, I Rabbone, V Tiberi, F Campbell, C Peters, R Ahomäki, A Zanfardino, P Sundaram, R Schiaffini, R Re, B Jullian, F di Piazza, T van den Heuvel, J Castaneda, O Cohen
{"title":"Consistent efficacy and safety of automated insulin delivery in children aged 2-6 Years: results from the LENNY trial continuation phase.","authors":"K Dovc, Ak Tuomaala, S Kuusela, A Shetty, I Rabbone, V Tiberi, F Campbell, C Peters, R Ahomäki, A Zanfardino, P Sundaram, R Schiaffini, R Re, B Jullian, F di Piazza, T van den Heuvel, J Castaneda, O Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The LENNY randomized trial (NCT05574062) demonstrated that the MiniMed 780G system with Guardian™ 4 sensor (MM780G/G4S) is safe and effective for young children with type 1 diabetes (CwT1D). The continuation phase objective was to evaluate MM780G when used for extended time and when used with the Simplera Sync™ sensor (MM780G/SY).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CwT1D who completed the initial study phase underwent a 12-24-week period using MM780G/G4S (in Auto Mode), after which they were randomly allocated to either continue using the same set-up or switch to MM780G/SY (in Auto Mode) for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the between-arm difference in mean HbA1c after the 12-week period (non-inferiority).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>91 CwT1D were enrolled in the continuation phase. After the initial 12-24-week period, mean ± SD HbA1c was 7.16 ± 0.59 %. After the 12-week treatment period, mean ± SD HbA1c was 7.24 ± 0.64 % for MM780G/G4S and 7.30 ± 0.53 % for MM780G/SY (estimated treatment effect = 0.14 %, 95 % CI - 0.03 to 0.31 %). Over the 12 weeks, mean ± SD time-in-range (TIR) was 68.9 ± 8.6 % for MM780G/G4S and 69.7 ± 7.7 % for MM780G/SY. Non-inferiority was confirmed for HbA1c and TIR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In CwT1D aged 2-6 years and TDD ≥ 6, the safety and good glycemic control from MM780G were sustained for ≥ 1 year and MM780G/SY was non-inferior to MM780/G4S.</p>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":"112934"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145274134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diabetic retinopathy and mortality in adults with diabetes: causal mediation analysis of the role of HbA1c","authors":"Zhiyi Wang , Hangshun Guo , Xiaojing Teng","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a well-established risk factor for increased mortality in diabetes, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Chronic hyperglycemia, reflected by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), may be one pathway linking DR to adverse outcomes, yet its mediating role is not well defined.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from 5658 adults with self-reported diabetes in the NHANES 2001–2018 cycles. DR was assessed via questionnaire, HbA1c was measured using standardized laboratory methods, and all-cause mortality was determined through linkage to the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between HbA1c and mortality. Causal mediation analysis was conducted using the mediation R package.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with DR had a 34 % higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with those without DR (adjusted HR = 1.34; 95 % CI: 1.20–1.51; <em>P</em> < 0.0001). Higher HbA1c levels were also associated with increased mortality (per 1 % increase: HR = 1.07; 95 % CI: 1.04–1.10; <em>P</em> < 0.0001), and participants in the highest HbA1c tertile had a 30 % greater risk of death than those in the lowest tertile (HR:1.30; 95 %CI:1.14–1.48; <em>P</em> < 0.0001). Mediation analysis indicated that HbA1c accounted for 9.1 % of the excess mortality risk associated with DR, suggesting that DR may elevate mortality risk partly through increased glycemic burden.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>DR is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, and this excess risk appears to be partly linked through higher HbA1c levels. These findings suggest that elevated glycemic burden may serve as one pathway connecting DR to increased mortality in adults with diabetes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112936"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patricia Campos Magallón, Ingrid Royo Sesma, Julio Alberto Vázquez Gómez, María Ruiz Del Campo, Mª Yolanda Ruiz Del Prado
{"title":"Types of fluid therapy for pediatric patients with diabetic ketoacidosis: a systematic review","authors":"Patricia Campos Magallón, Ingrid Royo Sesma, Julio Alberto Vázquez Gómez, María Ruiz Del Campo, Mª Yolanda Ruiz Del Prado","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is ongoing debate regarding the optimal fluid therapy for treating diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pediatric patients. This paper reviews the evidence comparing balanced fluids with normal saline (NS), examines the best fluid tonicity and the effects of rapid versus slow rehydration rates for the treatment of DKA, based on articles published since 2004.</div><div>Weak evidence suggests that balanced solutions (Ringer’s, Hartmann’s) may be superior to NS in some areas, such as shorter time to DKA resolution. However, no significant differences were found between some balanced solutions and NS regarding most outcomes (acute kidney injury, hospital stay, or mortality).</div><div>There are no significant differences in neurological complications or the speed of DKA resolution when comparing 0.45% saline to NS, although NS is associated with more frequent electrolyte disturbances, such as hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.</div><div>There is no strong evidence that rapid-rate rehydration DKA resolution or increases major complications, although it is linked to more hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.</div><div>Current evidence suggests that balanced solutions and 0.45% saline are not inferior to NS in pediatric DKA, but evidence is insufficient to recommend them over NS. There is no evidence that rapid-rate rehydration increases major complications. More studies are needed to provide further evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112926"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrzej S Januszewski, Wayne A Rankin, David N O'Neal, Gary A Wittert, Alicia J Jenkins
{"title":"Sex hormone binging globulin as an indicator of insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Andrzej S Januszewski, Wayne A Rankin, David N O'Neal, Gary A Wittert, Alicia J Jenkins","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) regulates sex hormone bioavailability and is a marker of hepatic insulin resistance.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Determine the relationship of circulating SHBG concentration with components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and estimated insulin sensitivity (eIS) in adults with and without T1D.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum SHBG concentrations were determined in 102 adults with T1D and 111 Controls (39% and 41% males, mean(SD): age 39(14) and 38(13) yrs., BMI 26.9(5.4) and 25.8(4.5) kg/m<sup>2</sup>).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SHBG (median(LQ,UQ) was higher in T1D vs. Controls: 66.1(39.3,98.7) vs. 45.5(30.3,74.8) nmol/L, p = 0.001; and ≈2-fold higher in females than males in both groups, p < 0.0001. SHBG correlated with eIS and was lower with vs. without MetS: T1D (51(32,71) vs. 79(46,106) nmol/L, p = 0.007), Controls (35(30,43) vs. 51(31,84) nmol/L, p = 0.03). In both groups there were significant associations of lower waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, BMI, triglycerides, LDL-C and higher eIS with an increase in sex-specific SHBG concentration tertiles (p < 0.05). In both groups SHBG decreased with number of MetS components, p(trend) = 0.005 and 0.0006, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In adults with T1D, SHBG decreases with increasing insulin resistance and MetS components. These findings support a potential role for SHBG as a biomarker of metabolic health in T1D, but further studies are needed to determine its clinical utility in identifying individuals who may benefit from interventions targeting insulin sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":"112935"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145250253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction \"global progress in diabetic foot care\".","authors":"V Viswanathan, Andrew Jm Boulton","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112933","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":"112933"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Methodological considerations in tirzepatide-bariatric surgery comparative study.","authors":"Shih-Yu Chin, Wen-Bin Yeh, Renin Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112928","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":"112928"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evidence-based management of diabetic foot problems.","authors":"Andrew Jm Boulton, V Viswanathan","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At present we are experiencing a rapid rise in the global prevalence of diabetes and unfortunately, this is associated with an increase in many of the late complications of diabetes, particularly diabetic foot ulcers which have a significant impairment on quality of life as well as being associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The potential for preventing first and recurrent foot ulcers is reviewed particularly related to recent developments in smart technology and remote monitoring of foot temperature and pressures under high-risk feet. Recent trials on both these areas are reviewed and show promise for the future. Pharmacological approaches to reduce the incidence of foot ulcers are then considered and the small section on the potential role of fibrates which certainly demands further investigation. With respect to treatment of complex foot ulcers, a number of recent evidence-based therapies are described including sucrose octasulfate dressings, negative pressure wound therapy and topical wound oxygen therapy. Lastly, appropriate care and management of infected DFUs is considered particularly focusing on the area of osteomyelitis. A number of excellent recent Guidelines and related reviews are then listed to help readers further understand this rapidly developing and complex area.</p>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":"112932"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sajjad Biglari , Lushun Yuan , Harald Mischak , Justyna Siwy , Agnieszka Latosinska , Miroslaw Banasik , Bernard M. van den Berg
{"title":"Dietary glycocalyx mimetic reduces vascular risk in Type 2 diabetes: evidence from urinary peptidomic classifiers in a South–Asian Surinamese Cohort","authors":"Sajjad Biglari , Lushun Yuan , Harald Mischak , Justyna Siwy , Agnieszka Latosinska , Miroslaw Banasik , Bernard M. van den Berg","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>Following up on a prior placebo-controlled trial (NCT03889236), we examined the effects of an oral glycocalyx-mimetic supplement and a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) on three urinary peptidomic-based classifiers, which indicate future heart failure (HF2), coronary artery disease (CAD160), and chronic kidney disease (CKD273) risk in South-Asian Surinamese adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-four participants were randomly allocated to one of three 12-week interventions: daily glycocalyx-mimetic capsules (n = 18), placebo (n = 14), or a five-day FMD repeated every four weeks (n = 12). Baseline and week-12 urine were profiled via capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry (CE-MS). The pre-validated support vector machine (SVM) classifiers (HF2, CAD160, CKD273) produced risk scores that were evaluated through paired t-tests for each group. Peptide-level changes were analyzed using paired Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and all p-values were Benjamini–Hochberg corrected (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Glycocalyx-mimetic supplementation significantly reduced HF2 scores (mean Δ = −0.58, 95 % CI −0.83 to −0.33, adjusted p < 0.001) and altered the abundance of 17 peptides, primarily decreasing collagen-derived fragments, suggesting improved extracellular-matrix turnover. The risk scores for CAD160 and CKD273 remained unchanged. FMD and placebo did not produce any meaningful changes in classifier scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this cohort, glycocalyx-mimetic supplementation improved the urinary peptidomic signature associated with heart-failure risk, whereas an FMD did not. Urinary peptidomics offers a sensitive molecular method for monitoring the effects of (dietary) interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112931"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145237843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between gestational diabetes mellitus and postpartum depression: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Zahra Nourollahi, Milad Azami","doi":"10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to provide a robust statistical analysis of the association between GDM and PPD. For this purpose, the PRISMA statement guided the reporting of results, while the MOOSE guidelines informed the methodological aspects. This strategy includes searching in several electronic databases. Statistical heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Q-statistic and I-squared (I<sup>2</sup>) test. The final included studies comprised 29 studies with a total of 2,442,001 participants. Overall results showed that mothers with GDM are at a higher risk of developing PPD compared to mothers without GDM (RR = 1.42 (95 %CI: 1.17-1.72, P < 0.000)). To investigate potential sources of heterogeneity, subgroup analyses based on Study design (P = 0.085), study type (P = 0.357), duration of PPD measurement (P = 0.329), and continent (P = 0.163) were not significant, but it was significant based on the PPD measurement tool (P < 0.001). Finally, the results of this systematic review and meta-analysis provide strong evidence that GDM is an important risk factor for PPD. These findings underscore the critical importance of active screening and providing targeted psychological and therapeutic support to mothers with GDM, both during pregnancy and after delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":11249,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes research and clinical practice","volume":" ","pages":"112922"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145231841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}