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The Physics Educator最新文献

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The Rocket Equation and that Minus Sign: An Avoidable Pitfall in the Language of Physics 火箭方程和负号:物理语言中一个可避免的陷阱
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2661339522500093
Don Koks
{"title":"The Rocket Equation and that Minus Sign: An Avoidable Pitfall in the Language of Physics","authors":"Don Koks","doi":"10.1142/s2661339522500093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2661339522500093","url":null,"abstract":"Derivations of the rocket equation that use a momentum-conservation argument are notorious for often encountering a problem that would produce an incorrect sign in their result, if it were not “fixed” in various ad hoc ways that can always be shown to be mathematically invalid. Here, we show that the problem of the unwanted minus sign typically (perhaps always) results from a misunderstanding of the language of calculus. When one adheres to a simple and fundamental rule of calculus notation, the derivation of the rocket equation becomes straightforward, and no unwanted minus sign appears.","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121683761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A State Equation Approach to Harmonic Oscillation 调和振荡的状态方程方法
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1142/s266133952250007x
Koichi Ban, Y. Kajiyama
{"title":"A State Equation Approach to Harmonic Oscillation","authors":"Koichi Ban, Y. Kajiyama","doi":"10.1142/s266133952250007x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s266133952250007x","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the motion of a harmonic oscillator using a state equation approach commonly applied in a modern control theory (MCT) of engineering. Instead of a second-order differential equation learnt by students in classes on mechanics, the state equation is written in a matrix form of a first-order differential equation of the state vector [Formula: see text]. We present the motion of a mass-spring-damper (MSD) system on an inclined plane and a simple pendulum in a viscous fluid. In the former case, we treat the gravitational force along the inclined plane as an input signal to the system. In the latter case, we treat the buoyant force and the drag force from the fluid as feedback to the system, controlling the final state of the system. The state equation approach presented in this article will help university students bridge the gap between physics and engineering.","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134088310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modern Physics Demonstrations with DIY Smartphone Spectrometers 现代物理演示与DIY智能手机光谱仪
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1142/S2661339522500032
Aarushi Khandelwal, T. K. Leong, Yarong Yang, L. K. Wee, F. J. G. Clemente, T. Venkatesan, H. Jani
{"title":"Modern Physics Demonstrations with DIY Smartphone Spectrometers","authors":"Aarushi Khandelwal, T. K. Leong, Yarong Yang, L. K. Wee, F. J. G. Clemente, T. Venkatesan, H. Jani","doi":"10.1142/S2661339522500032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S2661339522500032","url":null,"abstract":"Smartphones are widely available and used extensively by students worldwide. These phones often come equipped with high-quality cameras that can be combined with basic optical elements to build a cost-effective DIY spectrometer. Here, we discuss a series of demonstrations and pedagogical exercises, accompanied by our DIY diffractive spectrometer that uses a free web platform for instant spectral analysis. Specifically, these demonstrations can be used to encourage hands-on and inquiry-based learning of wave optics, broadband versus discrete light emission, quantization, Heisenberg’s energy-time uncertainty relation, and the use of spectroscopy in day-to-day life. Hence, these simple tools can be readily deployed in high school classrooms to communicate the practices of science.","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130879217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Primer on Path Integrals, Aharonov–Bohm Effect and the Geometric Phase 路径积分、Aharonov-Bohm效应和几何相位入门
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2661339522500056
P. Deshmukh, Subham Ghosh, U. Kumar, C. Hareesh, G. Aravind
{"title":"A Primer on Path Integrals, Aharonov–Bohm Effect and the Geometric Phase","authors":"P. Deshmukh, Subham Ghosh, U. Kumar, C. Hareesh, G. Aravind","doi":"10.1142/s2661339522500056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2661339522500056","url":null,"abstract":"This work reports an effort to introduce a few advanced concepts in quantum physics to undergraduate students who have only a minimal familiarity with wave mechanics. The geometric phase is not introduced in most introductory courses on quantum mechanics. It is of pivotal significance for the understanding of topological phase transitions which are becoming increasingly important in a large number of physical phenomena, including those that involve platforms for robust quantum computing. This article would provide a gentle introduction to the geometric phase. Toward this goal, Feynman’s path integral approach to quantum mechanics and its application in the interpretation of the wondrous Aharonov–Bohm effect is introduced in a gentle manner. A computer simulation of this interesting phenomenology is presented to help gain an early insight into some advanced concepts.","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123482227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Personal, Portable Electric Circuit Lab 个人便携式电路实验室
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2661339522500020
J. Bredow, P. von Petersenn, M. Ziese
{"title":"A Personal, Portable Electric Circuit Lab","authors":"J. Bredow, P. von Petersenn, M. Ziese","doi":"10.1142/s2661339522500020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2661339522500020","url":null,"abstract":"A portable setup consisting of a USB oscilloscope, an Arduino board and accessories is used for performing electricity experiments encountered in physics education: the AC response of circuits, charging/discharging of capacitors as well as inductive coupling between circuits. For documentation, analysis and plotting of the data, Jupyter notebooks are used as electronic lab-books. A range of typical experiments is presented in order to show the versatility of the setup and the lab-book. We strongly argue in favor of such portable measurement solutions in order to give students the possibility to do in-depth experiments outside the traditional laboratory classes.","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128359530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comprehensive Study of the Resistance of Pencil-Stroked Graphite on Paper Electrodes 铅笔笔触石墨在纸电极上电阻的综合研究
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2661339522500019
Jeevakaarthik Dhanabalan, Gareth Rui Jye Chua, Bernard Ricardo
{"title":"Comprehensive Study of the Resistance of Pencil-Stroked Graphite on Paper Electrodes","authors":"Jeevakaarthik Dhanabalan, Gareth Rui Jye Chua, Bernard Ricardo","doi":"10.1142/s2661339522500019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2661339522500019","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we comprehensively study the electrical resistance of pencil-stroked graphite electrodes, which is a cheap electrical conductor. Thin graphite on paper (GOP) electrodes were manually fabricated by unidirectionally stroking rectangular areas defined by grids on graph paper, allowing the physical dimensions of the layer to be accurately represented. The physical dimensions of the electrode were then varied and the I–V relationship for the layer was characterized. Our findings indicate that these thin electrodes behave as ohmic conductors over the low voltage range (0–12 V), and their resistance can be quantitatively described by Pouillet’s Law [Formula: see text]. The deviation of the experimentally obtained linear I–V characteristic from the theoretical nonlinear I–V characteristic of graphite has been explained by measuring the temperature rise of the graphite electrode, which was found to be insignificant [Formula: see text] in the low voltage range. The effects of saturation level of the electrode and pencil grade on electrode resistance are also elaborated in this paper. By showing the turbostratic nature of graphite in GOP and analyzing its electronic conduction mechanism, the experimental observations have been explained theoretically. We also note the highly interesting low-energy electron dynamics in GOP reported previously in misoriented multilayer graphitic systems. We observed insignificant changes in electrode resistivity over five-minute intervals and repeated use. Hence, these electrodes exhibit great stability as a low-voltage electrical conductor. The flexibility, usability, and ease-of-synthesis of these thin graphite layers in large volumes, coupled with their remarkable electrical properties, present a novel approach for adopting them in designs of low-cost and high-performance sensors, foldable electronics, and microfluidics, paving the way for an electronics industry that can meet the stipulations of many more products.","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"7 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114113563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Book Review: Leo Bellantoni, Modern Physics – The Scenic Route World Scientific 2022 书评:利奥·贝兰托尼，现代物理学-风景路线世界科学2022
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2661339522800014
Han Yin
{"title":"Book Review: Leo Bellantoni, Modern Physics – The Scenic Route World Scientific 2022","authors":"Han Yin","doi":"10.1142/s2661339522800014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2661339522800014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126646993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Teacher’s Perspective on the CERN Beamline for Schools Competition 教师对CERN学校光束线竞赛的看法
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2661339522500044
M. Boselli, Alison Bulson, Enrique Arce-Larreta, Uriel Garcia Elorza, Maria Rita Felici, L. González-Trueba, Denis Jacques, M. Joos, Janusz Kempa, Lise Knapp, Manuela Lima, Maria Filomena Muscarella, Thomas Riis-Johannessen, Kirsten Stadermann, Stefania Turbacci, S. Wuppuluri
{"title":"A Teacher’s Perspective on the CERN Beamline for Schools Competition","authors":"M. Boselli, Alison Bulson, Enrique Arce-Larreta, Uriel Garcia Elorza, Maria Rita Felici, L. González-Trueba, Denis Jacques, M. Joos, Janusz Kempa, Lise Knapp, Manuela Lima, Maria Filomena Muscarella, Thomas Riis-Johannessen, Kirsten Stadermann, Stefania Turbacci, S. Wuppuluri","doi":"10.1142/s2661339522500044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2661339522500044","url":null,"abstract":"We are a group of teachers who have independently participated in the CERN Beamline for Schools (BL4S) competition with teams of high school students from our schools between 2014 and 2021. All of our teams won the competition, and therefore our students had the opportunity to perform their proposed experiments at a particle accelerator. The experience of mentoring a team has been extremely beneficial to our professional development. In this paper, we will describe the effects that the participation in BL4S had on us, on our students and how it has impacted our approach to teaching STEM subjects.","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133247697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relevancy of Force Concept Inventory and Mechanics Baseline Test in Excerpting Conceptual Understanding of High-Performing Students 力概念量表与力学基线测验在高分学生概念理解摘录中的相关性
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1142/s266133952150013x
Bernard Ricardo
{"title":"Relevancy of Force Concept Inventory and Mechanics Baseline Test in Excerpting Conceptual Understanding of High-Performing Students","authors":"Bernard Ricardo","doi":"10.1142/s266133952150013x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s266133952150013x","url":null,"abstract":"In the topics of mechanics, readily available instruments such as the Force Concept Inventory (FCI) and the Mechanics Baseline Test (MBT) have been extensively used to assess students’ conceptual understanding, especially for high school and undergraduate students. In this paper, the relevancy of these two instruments in excerpting conceptual understanding of high-performing students was examined and the results were elaborated. The findings in this paper suggest that the FCI and MBT are indeed effective to show students’ basic conceptual understanding in mechanics but should not be used to assess improvement after learning intervention or to differentiate students’ conceptual understanding in a population of high performers. More advanced assessments, such as those that comprise higher order thinking questions, should be used for such purposes.","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132266778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Taming the Load Current of Identical Cells in Matrix 矩阵中相同单元的负载电流控制
The Physics Educator Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2661339521500153
Seok-In Hong
{"title":"Taming the Load Current of Identical Cells in Matrix","authors":"Seok-In Hong","doi":"10.1142/s2661339521500153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2661339521500153","url":null,"abstract":"We explore the load current [Formula: see text] for a rectangular array (matrix) of [Formula: see text] identical cells where [Formula: see text] strings (columns) of [Formula: see text] serial cells (rows) are arrayed in parallel. [Formula: see text] is equal to [Formula: see text] with the internal resistance of the cell and the load resistance exchanged. By treating a linear fractional function as a translated inversely-proportional function, we can easily capture the properties of [Formula: see text] and the relative magnitude of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] via their ratio. The limiting behaviors of the load current are discussed beyond the ideal-cell and short-circuit limits. For the given total number of cells, we graphically verify the recent findings on the matrix of cells that produces the maximum load current. Finally, we analyze the possibility of a car starting with lemon cells or AA dry cells in matrix. This work would be useful in creating a high school or university curriculum that unifies identical cells in series, parallel, or matrix.","PeriodicalId":112108,"journal":{"name":"The Physics Educator","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130920690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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