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Bycatch in Indian trawl fisheries and some suggestions for trawl bycatch mitigation 印度拖网渔业的副渔获物及减少拖网副渔获物的建议
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1372-1380
A. P. Dineshbabu, Sujitha Thomas, Josileen Jose, P. Sarada, L. Pillai, R. Chakraborty, G. Dash, A. Chellappan, Shubhadeep Ghosh, G. Purushottama, Rajan Kumar, M. Rajkumar, Indira Divipala, D. N. Ajay, R. RatheeshKumar, K. Akhilesh, V. Mahesh, Swathipriyanka Sen, R. Pradhan, S. Rahangdale, R. Vinothkumar, S. Kizhakudan, K. M. Rajesh, R. Narayanakumar, P. Swathilekshmi, S. Raju, Gidda Maheswarudu, M. Sivadas
{"title":"Bycatch in Indian trawl fisheries and some suggestions for trawl bycatch mitigation","authors":"A. P. Dineshbabu, Sujitha Thomas, Josileen Jose, P. Sarada, L. Pillai, R. Chakraborty, G. Dash, A. Chellappan, Shubhadeep Ghosh, G. Purushottama, Rajan Kumar, M. Rajkumar, Indira Divipala, D. N. Ajay, R. RatheeshKumar, K. Akhilesh, V. Mahesh, Swathipriyanka Sen, R. Pradhan, S. Rahangdale, R. Vinothkumar, S. Kizhakudan, K. M. Rajesh, R. Narayanakumar, P. Swathilekshmi, S. Raju, Gidda Maheswarudu, M. Sivadas","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1372-1380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1372-1380","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, trawl is the major fishing gear used in marine fisheries and in India, it contributes to more than one-third of the marine fish production. Trawl fishing has been critically evaluated from a sustainability perspective, especially analysing its bycatch composition. Most of the bycatch from trawlers contains valuable edible species with high market demand. However, a portion of the bycatch which does not have such demand in the edible fish market, known as low-value bycatch (LVB), continues to be a matter of concern from an ecological and economic perspective. During 2017–19, 30–60% of trawl landing in India was constituted by LVB","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84883064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of J.C. Bose Fellowship in empowering women scientists in India J.C. Bose奖学金在赋予印度女科学家权力方面的作用
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1305-1308
Monika Agarwal
{"title":"Role of J.C. Bose Fellowship in empowering women scientists in India","authors":"Monika Agarwal","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1305-1308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1305-1308","url":null,"abstract":"The under representation of women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) is always a matter of concern worldwide. The sustainability of women scientists in STEM and further getting recognition, awards, rewards and leadership position has been a challenge. However, some of the women scientists have received fellowships like J.C. Bose Fellowship and secured leadership positions. This article analyses discipline-wise and institute-wise distributions of J.C. Bose women Fellows. Further, it describes notable achievements of some of the women J.C. Bose Fellows and their significant contributions in the respective research areas","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87959291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Recommendations for developing predictive and systems medicine for drug discovery in India 关于在印度为药物发现开发预测性和系统医学的建议
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1317-1326
Surat Parvatam, Sham Bharadwaj
{"title":"Recommendations for developing predictive and systems medicine for drug discovery in India","authors":"Surat Parvatam, Sham Bharadwaj","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1317-1326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1317-1326","url":null,"abstract":"Biological phenomena often emerge based on the interaction between pathways, cells and tissues, rather than a single set of genes or proteins. This has led to the emer-gence of systems medicine. Predictive medicine is another emerging field that aims to predict the disease onset, progression, deterioration, risk and treatment strategies. In this article, we review how systems and computational tools are being used globally in the drug discovery pipeline. With increase in the amount of biological data being generated, data integration is also a critical aspect in systems biology. Towards this, we describe the use of various data integration frameworks. We also analyse the global and local funding patterns, regulations and challenges and propose recommendations to enable India as a key player in this area","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"09 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90037523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanized urea spraying system for balers to enhance the nutritional quality of straw: a step to prevent straw burning 用于打包机的机械化尿素喷洒系统，提高秸秆的营养品质:防止秸秆燃烧的一步
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1381-1386
S. Kumar, D. Jat, S. Rao, M. Chandrasekharaiah, K. P. Singh, P. Jena
{"title":"Mechanized urea spraying system for balers to enhance the nutritional quality of straw: a step to prevent straw burning","authors":"S. Kumar, D. Jat, S. Rao, M. Chandrasekharaiah, K. P. Singh, P. Jena","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1381-1386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1381-1386","url":null,"abstract":"A large portion of unused crop residues is burnt in the fields primarily to clear the left-over straw and stubbles after the combine harvest. Studies have reported several ill effects of crop-residue burning on soil organic carbon and fertility, including reduction in productivity in the long term, environmental pollution and human health. It also produces greenhouse gases causing global warming. Rice and wheat produce large amounts of residue in India. Non-availability of labour, the high cost of residue removal from the field and the increasing use of combines in harvesting the crops are the main reasons for burning crop residues in the fields. Rice straw is unsuitable animal feed due to its high silica content and wheat straw for due to its hard stem and diffi-culty chewing in unchopped form. Using supplements like urea and is feeding straw sprayed with urea improves its nutritive value and intake. We have developed a mechanized baler equipped with a urea spraying system for spraying urea during baling operations on crop residues (paddy or wheat straw) to enhance their nutritional value. The developed system was evaluated in combine a harvested wheat residue field and nutritional analysis was performed. The crude protein in untreated wheat straw increased from 3.68% to 10.10% after urea treatment. The metabolizable energy was also found to improve by 3% compared to untreated straw. Thus, urea-treated bales have potential use in dairy farming.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74115510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metamorphic evolution of mafic granulites from Tiyara area, Makrohar granulite belt, Singrauli district, Madhya Pradesh, India 印度中央邦singruli地区Makrohar麻粒岩带Tiyara地区基性麻粒岩的变质演化
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1334-1340
Vikas Pandey, S. B. Dwivedi
{"title":"Metamorphic evolution of mafic granulites from Tiyara area, Makrohar granulite belt, Singrauli district, Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"Vikas Pandey, S. B. Dwivedi","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1334-1340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1334-1340","url":null,"abstract":"The mafic granulite rocks f rom the Makrohar Granulite Belt of the Chotanagpur Granite Gneissic complex (CGGC) have been studied with reference to their petrography, mineral chemistry and pressure–temperature ( P–T ) conditions of metamorphism. The common mineral assemblage observed within different thin sections is orthopyroxene–clinopyroxene–hornblende–plagioclase– biotite–quartz. The average P–T condition of the mafic granulites in the study area suggests a peak of metamorphism at 799 ° ± 40 ° C/6.3 ± 0.9 kbar. However, the peak P–T estimate obtained from the conventional two-pyroxene thermobarometer is 5.83–6.47 kbar and 887 ° ± 62 ° C at a fixed pressure of 6 kbar, followed by post-peak P–T conditions of metamorphism at 590 ° –693 ° C/ 2.1–2.4 kbar.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76764617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Identifying factors influencing corrosion rate in reinforced concrete under simulated natural climate 模拟自然气候条件下钢筋混凝土腐蚀速率影响因素的识别
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1327-1333
Aditi Chauhan, U. Sharma
{"title":"Identifying factors influencing corrosion rate in reinforced concrete under simulated natural climate","authors":"Aditi Chauhan, U. Sharma","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1327-1333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1327-1333","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of various parameters on corrosion rate in reinforced concrete was examined using analysis of variance for crack initiation and crack propagation phases. Water–cement (w/c) ratio was found to be the most significant factor before the onset of concrete surface crack, followed by the time of wetting. In the crack propagation phase, contribution of w/c ratio reduced while time of wetting and external chloride concentration became prominent. The concrete cover values of 30 mm and 60 mm affected the corrosion rate marginally. The diameter of reinforcing steel and spacing between bars were the least contributing factors to the corrosion rate under both phases.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88216090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Need for evaluation of near-term energy transition policies of India based on contri­butions to long-term decarbonization goals 根据对长期脱碳目标的贡献评估印度近期能源转型政策的必要性
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1309-1316
R. Grover
{"title":"Need for evaluation of near-term energy transition policies of India based on contri­butions to long-term decarbonization goals","authors":"R. Grover","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1309-1316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i11/1309-1316","url":null,"abstract":"India faces twin challenges of meeting the rising energy demands of a developing economy and ensuring an economy-wide low-carbon transition to stay on track with its decarbonization goal leading to a net zero energy mix by 2070. As emissions from the use of fossil fuels remain the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the country, a massive restructuring of the energy sector is needed. This requires integrated planning across all sectors, and the harnessing of all low-carbon energy technologies and emission reduction mechanisms so that affordable and reliable energy is available to everyone during the process of transition and after achieving net zero. This article examines the future energy requirements and surveys a wide range of studies to make recommendations for policy formulation.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88217140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding dietary differences in Indian dugongs through opportunistic gut sampling of stranded individuals 通过对搁浅个体的肠道取样了解印度儒艮的饮食差异
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i10/1259-1264
Sumitra Prajapati, Chinmaya Ghanekar, Sameeha Pathan, Rukmini Shekar, K. Magesh, Swapnali Gole, Srabani Bose, S. Iyer, A. Pande, K. Sivakumar, J. A. Johnson
{"title":"Understanding dietary differences in Indian dugongs through opportunistic gut sampling of stranded individuals","authors":"Sumitra Prajapati, Chinmaya Ghanekar, Sameeha Pathan, Rukmini Shekar, K. Magesh, Swapnali Gole, Srabani Bose, S. Iyer, A. Pande, K. Sivakumar, J. A. Johnson","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i10/1259-1264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i10/1259-1264","url":null,"abstract":"We analysed gut samples of stranded dugongs from Tamil Nadu and Gujarat, India, to understand their die - tary preferences. We quantified seagrass fragments from the gut as leaf, stem and rhizome, and identified leaf fragments up to genera level by their morphological features and epidermal cell characteristics using an inverted microscope. The overall abundance of above-ground fragments (leaf, stem) was higher in all samples , which may suggest the dugongs use a cropping mechanism to forage. The ingested seagrass generic diversity was higher in Tamil Nadu ( n = 5) dugong individuals than those in Gujarat ( n = 2). A total of five genera were recorded from all samples, viz. Halophila spp., Halodule spp., Cymodocea spp., Enhalus sp. and Syringodium spp. In Tamil Nadu, Cymodocea spp. (46.24%) was the most dominant, followed by Halophila spp. (26.49%), Syringodium spp. (14.83%) and Halodule spp. (12.16%), with a low occurrence of Enhalus spp. (0.19%). In Gujarat, Halodule spp. (61.48%) was the most dominant, followed by Halophila spp. (30.20%). The recorded plastic and wood fragments suggest fine spatial scale threat mapping in dugong habitats.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84456847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Irrigation water policies for sustainable groundwater management in irrigated north­western plains of India 印度西北灌溉平原地下水可持续管理的灌溉用水政策
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i10/1225-1231
P. Chand, Jitender Singh, J. Sachdeva, J. Singh, Priyanka Agarwal, Rajni Jain, Sulakshana Rao, Baljinder Kaur
{"title":"Irrigation water policies for sustainable groundwater management in irrigated north­western plains of India","authors":"P. Chand, Jitender Singh, J. Sachdeva, J. Singh, Priyanka Agarwal, Rajni Jain, Sulakshana Rao, Baljinder Kaur","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i10/1225-1231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i10/1225-1231","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing global water shortage emphasizes the need for demand-side water management policies, especially in the agriculture sector, being the largest consumer of freshwater. Such policies are relevant in India, where groundwater depletion may have severe implications at various socio-economic levels. In this study, using mathematical modelling, we assess the feasibility of two alternative irrigation water pricing policies – (i) uniform water pricing policy and (ii) differentiated water pricing policy, wherein farmers growing less water-requiring crops (<4488 m 3 /ha) get an incentive for saving water, while those growing water-intensive crops pay for it. Using a case study of Punjab, the breadbasket and one of the fastest groundwater-depleting states in India, alternative cropping patterns are also suggested. The findings reveal that the current rate of groundwater withdrawal could not sustain agricultural intensification in the state. Although optimization of resource allocation has the potential to save water by 8%, this alone is unlikely to break the rice–wheat mono-cropping pattern in Punjab. The analysis of two different volumetric irrigation water pricing policies shows that differentiated water pricing would be more effective in halting groundwater depletion in the state. However, adequate investment in irrigation water supply infrastructure, mainly for installing water meters, is required to implement the policy.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89559069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A cross-taxonomic comparison of bird and butterfly communities of Tamhini Wildlife Sanctuary, Maharashtra, India, spanning two decades 20年来印度马哈拉施特拉邦Tamhini野生动物保护区鸟类和蝴蝶群落的跨分类比较
IF 1 4区 综合性期刊
Current Science Pub Date : 2022-11-25 DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i10/1253-1258
Shawn Dsouza, A. Padhye
{"title":"A cross-taxonomic comparison of bird and butterfly communities of Tamhini Wildlife Sanctuary, Maharashtra, India, spanning two decades","authors":"Shawn Dsouza, A. Padhye","doi":"10.18520/cs/v123/i10/1253-1258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v123/i10/1253-1258","url":null,"abstract":"Human disturbance can alter the structure and function of ecological communities. We studied the bird and but-terfly communities of Tamhini Wildlife Sanctuary, Maha-rashtra, India, to understand the effects of changing land use and management in two decades. We replicated a previous study conducted between 1998 and 2001; sampling seven line transects every fortnight between April 2016 and April 2017. Species diversity increased for both taxa, and community composition was significantly different across studies. Generalist species witnessed a maximum increase in diversity, while some specialist guilds declined. While this study is limited in spatial scale, we highlight the effects of local changes in land use and management across trophic levels and the cascading effects on ecosystem function.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86025997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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