Need for evaluation of near-term energy transition policies of India based on contri­butions to long-term decarbonization goals

Abstract

India faces twin challenges of meeting the rising energy demands of a developing economy and ensuring an economy-wide low-carbon transition to stay on track with its decarbonization goal leading to a net zero energy mix by 2070. As emissions from the use of fossil fuels remain the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the country, a massive restructuring of the energy sector is needed. This requires integrated planning across all sectors, and the harnessing of all low-carbon energy technologies and emission reduction mechanisms so that affordable and reliable energy is available to everyone during the process of transition and after achieving net zero. This article examines the future energy requirements and surveys a wide range of studies to make recommendations for policy formulation.