Current Science最新文献

{"title":"Chemosensitivity profiling of colorectal cancer patient-derived organoids reveals heterogeneous responses to 5-fluorouracil","authors":"Fuyuan Zhan, Sicheng Yan, Xuting Xu, Yuehong Zhu, Zhihong Ma","doi":"10.18520/cs/v129/i11/966-974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v129/i11/966-974","url":null,"abstract":"To establish patient-derived organoid (PDO) models from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and evaluate their fidelity and utility in assessing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemosensitivity.Tumour samples from 30 untreated CRC patients were cultured into PDOs.Successful models were validated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for morphology and biomarker expression.RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to identify transcriptional changes.5-FU sensitivity was tested using an ATP-based viability assay across early and late passages.Twenty-six PDO lines were successfully established (86.67% success rate) and retained the histopathological and molecular features of primary tumours.RNA-seq revealed significant dysregulation of extracellular matrix and immune-related pathways, consistent with the absence of a tumour microenvironment.5-FU sensitivity varied widely among PDOs, with IC 50 values ranging from 0.085 to 3.934 g/ml in first-generation cultures and narrowing to 0.078-2.134g/ml by passage 4, implying enhanced drug efficacy under microenvironment-deficient conditions.CRC PDOs effectively recapitulate tumour characteristics and exhibit heterogeneous 5-FU responses, supporting their potential as personalised drug-testing platforms.However, the absence of tumour microenvironment components may influence sensitivity outcomes and should be considered in future applications.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"129 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v129/i11/966-974","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luminescence chronology of sediments from the prehistoric civilisation sites along the Vaigai river, India","authors":"S. Sathiyaseelan, Kartika Goswami, Naveen Chauhan, S. Bhalamurugan, S. Vijayan, R. Ramachandran, B. Asaithambi, R. Sivanandham, Anil Bhardwaj","doi":"10.18520/cs/v129/i8/712-718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v129/i8/712-718","url":null,"abstract":"The banks of the ephemeral Vaigai river of southern India have shed light on the history of Tamil Nadu, including the pre-Sangam and Sangam eras.The plains on the banks of the Vaigai river were the cradle of ancient history, culture, urban settlements, agriculture and industries that flourished here between 6 and 3 BCE.Recent excavations at Keezhadi village by the archaeological department exposed structures built from bricks and advanced drainage systems of the historical past.They are buried under flood deposits of sand, silt and clay.Luminescence geochronology of quartz in the sediments suggests that flooding and burial of structures occurred ca.1140 years ago.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"129 8","pages":"712-718"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v129/i8/712-718","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147892771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, diagnosis, treatment and control of hypertension, diabetes and their co-occurrence, and its correlates in India using NFHS-5 data","authors":"Maya Shankar Singh, Gyan Prakash Singh","doi":"10.18520/cs/v128/i6/578-589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v128/i6/578-589","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension and diabetes are the two most prevalent non-communicable diseases in India, and their exposure is increasing fast with time.In the present study, an attempt is made to assess its prevalence (P), diagnosis (D), treatment (T) and control (C) in three mutually exclusive groups of individuals aged 30-79 who are only hypertensive (OH), individual with only diabetes (OD) and hypertensive as well as individual with diabetes (HD) and its correlates based on fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) with the help of chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.The prevalence, diagnosis, treatment and control (PDTC) rates of the disease among OH were 21.7%, 26.9%, 23% and 10.7% respectively, and it was 11.4%, 17.1%, 16.4% and 5.1% among OD, followed by 9.9%, 24.6%, 22.4% and 3.1% among HD.They also exhibited significant associations (P-value < 0.05) and risks, such that rural (odds ratio (OR): 0.628), and female OR: 0.876) had a lower risk of coexistence compared to urban and male respectively.Individuals who were divorced (OR: 1.137), age group 70-79 (OR: 7.468), smokers (OR: 1.71) and consuming alcohol (OR: 1.100), as well as those overweighed, had a higher chance of HD.In conclusion, addressing these risk factors with association and the geographical distribution of PDTC of HD in India could potentially enhance public health in the region.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"128 6","pages":"578-589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v128/i6/578-589","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the molecular mechanism of Pandanus tectorius fruit extract in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy via the Nrf2/Keap1 signalling pathway","authors":"JinGui Zhang, Yuqing Li, Xiaoli Wang, ShiSong Wang, Xianmei Xue, LiWen Dong, Jingchun Yao, Chao Wang","doi":"10.18520/cs/v128/i2/169-177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v128/i2/169-177","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is a global epidemic, and its pathogenesis involves multiple factors.Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of its clinical complications, which brings a serious burden to the lives of patients.Pandanus tectorius fruits (PTF) extract has attracted much attention due to its rich bioactive components and is considered to have potential effects in treating DPN.The present study aims to deeply explore the molecular mechanism of PTF extract in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy, focusing on the regulatory effect of the Nrf2/Keap1 signalling pathway.The blood glucose changes and behavioural changes of DPN rats before and after PTF treatment were detected.Histological myelin staining was performed using Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining.TUNEL staining was used to observe the apoptosis of sciatic nerve cells.TEM observation of the ultrastructure of dorsal root ganglion.ELISA and kits detect NGF, IGF-1, VEGF, SOD, GSH-Px, and malondialdehyde (MDA).Western blot detects Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1 and NQO1.This experiment found that PTF extract has significant blood glucose control and analgesic effects on DPN rats.PTF extract can also inhibit the apoptosis of sciatic nerve cells in DPN rats and protect the structural integrity of myelin sheaths.The ultrastructure of dorsal root ganglia was improved after PTF treatment.The neuroactive factors (IGF-1, VEGF) in rats with DPN under a high-fat diet were significantly reduced, NGF was overexpression, the oxidative stress-related factors SOD and GSH-Px were reduced, and the levels of MDA were increased.After treatment with PTF, the positive drug -lipoic acid reversed these abnormalities, enhanced levels of neuroactive factors, and mitigated oxidative stress.Western blot analysis showed that in DPN, the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 proteins in the sciatic nerve was down-regulated, Keap1 was overexpression, while PTF and -lipoic acid treatment led to their upregulation.Adding the Nrf2 inhibitor Brusatol to the DPN + PTF group inhibited the up-regulating effect of PTF on these proteins.In summary, PTF extract can effectively reduce blood glucose and pain perception in DPN rats, promote antioxidant capacity, and protect the sciatic nerve through the Nrf2/Keap1 signalling pathway, thereby achieving the purpose of treating DPN.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"128 1","pages":"169-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v128/i2/169-177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147885507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dr Kalam’s funny guys","authors":"V. J. Sundaram","doi":"10.18520/cs/v128/i1/61-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v128/i1/61-68","url":null,"abstract":"Narayanan of Air headquarters briefed us that India was now not receiving spares for SAM-2.Many missiles were not operational, and the defence of the cities was compromised.We were asked to make a feasibility report in three months for indigenizing the SAM-2.After many interactions within India, we submitted our report to Director DRDL that it was feasible to indigenize about 70-80% of the missile.Balance items could be obtained from alternate supply sources.The Director told me to reduce the estimated funds, time and workforce by 50% to get the project sanctioned.I refused, and the report was rejected.However, it was forwarded, without any change, to Delhi in 1969.There was no response.In 1970, I joined ME (Aero-","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"128 1","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v128/i1/61-68","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147882738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of precision cancer medicine in India.","authors":"Bushra Ateeqh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"126 4","pages":"411-412"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7615811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crop modelling in agricultural crops","authors":"M. Roja, M. K. Gumma, M. D. Reddy","doi":"10.18520/cs/v124/i8/910-920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v124/i8/910-920","url":null,"abstract":"With limited land resources and a growing population, agricultural output is under considerable strain.New technology is necessary for overcoming these issues and advising farmers, legislators and other decisionmakers on adopting sustainable agriculture despite global climate variations.This has led to the crop simulation models that illustrate crop growth and development processes as a function of climate, soil and crop management.They also support agricultural agronomy (yield estimate, biomass, etc.), pest control, breeding and natural resource management.This study examines crop modelling for agricultural production planning and field-level management strategies.These can help researchers comprehend the significance of crop modelling for scenario-building and provide field-level suggestions by analysing future conditions and strategic activities to minimize the predicted negative influence and maximize the projected positive effect.The limitations and potential directions of crop modelling improvement have also been highlighted in this study.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"124 8","pages":"910-910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v124/i8/910-920","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147911875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control and management of cynophycean (Spirulina platensis) bloom in Padmatheertham, Thiruvananthapuram, India","authors":"K. Padmakumar, P. Remya, K. A. Stephy, Haritha Mohan, T. Preseetha, T. R. Arathi, B. Alan, Tessy Abraham","doi":"10.18520/cs/v124/i1/73-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v124/i1/73-78","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73478876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nesting biology of allodapine bee Braunsapis picitarsis (Cameron) from South India","authors":"P. Padmanabhan, M. Chellappan","doi":"10.18520/cs/v124/i1/102-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v124/i1/102-107","url":null,"abstract":"The Allodapine bee, Braunsapis picitarsis (Cameron) (Allodapini: Xylocopinae: Apidae) is polylectic and found to be an important pollinator for many agricultural and horticultural crops. As B. picitarsis was found to be cryptic to other species, the DNA barcoding was done to confirm the species identity. Their nesting sites were located at dried twigs of peacock flower tree, Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.), and a total of 83 nests were collected from 2019 to 2021. The bees preferred nesting sites with an entrance diameter of 2.83  0.06 mm with a nest length of 5.38  0.30 cm. The total development period was 56.85  0.84 days in the laboratory. Pupa exhibited difference in eye colour and body pigmentation during their development. DNA contigs. The contigs developed were analysed for the presence of stop codons using the software MEGA 7. The sequences generated from the study was analyzed for sequence homology using nucleotide BLASTn at NCBI and submitted to BankIt, GenBank for the generation of accession number. Details of the species were uploaded at Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD systems v4) to generate the barcodes.","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83130697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of temperature and slope on the infiltration rate for a landfill surface","authors":"Lohit Jain, S. Chakma","doi":"10.18520/cs/v124/i1/94-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v124/i1/94-101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11194,"journal":{"name":"Current Science","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77584234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}