Diabetes Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Targeting Habitual Fast Eating as a Modifiable Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.","authors":"Emmanuele Dutra da Silva Andrade, Yuichiro Obana, Mika Suzuki, Shigenori Nagai, Tetsuya Hosooka, Yuki Shimba, Toshio Hosaka","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01912-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-026-01912-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes remains a growing public health concern, and modifiable lifestyle behaviors represent a key target for prevention. Eating habits have been proposed to influence metabolic risk, yet evidence from large real-world cohorts with rigorous covariate control is limited. We hypothesized that habitual eating habits, especially eating speed, are a modifiable risk factor for incident type 2 diabetes in a Japanese adult population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study used lifestyle habit data from medical check-up records collected in Shizuoka, Japan (April 2008-March 2020). After applying exclusion criteria, 98,718 subjects aged 18-75 years were eligible for analysis. The analytic sample for each eating habit varied after propensity score matching. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to assess new-onset type 2 diabetes in relation to multiple eating behaviors, including eating speed, breakfast skipping, late dinners, post-dinner snacking and frequency of vegetable consumption. Covariate adjustment was performed using propensity score matching for sex, age, BMI, smoking and drinking status, blood pressure and LDL and HDL cholesterol levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the observation period, 4631 new cases of type 2 diabetes were identified. After full adjustment, fast eating was significantly associated with increased diabetes risk (HR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.02-1.23; p = 0.01). Sex-stratified analysis showed that fast eating among women was associated with a 14% higher risk (HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00-1.30; p = 0.03), while no statistically significant association was observed in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Habitual fast eating may represent a modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes, particularly among women, though the association was modest and warrants confirmation in future clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1579-1594"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidiabetic Treatment Intensity and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in a County-Level Metabolic Management Center: A Real-World Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"W J Chen, Jie Zhou, Jue Peng","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01910-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-026-01910-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common disabling complication of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but real-world data from Chinese county-hospital populations are limited. This study estimated the prevalence of DPN and its associated risk factors, including antidiabetic treatment intensity, in a county-level Metabolic Management Center (MMC) cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study enrolled 2420 consecutive outpatients and inpatients with T2DM. DPN was defined as large-fiber neuropathy confirmed by nerve conduction study/electromyography (NCS/EMG) using a standardized MMC protocol; diagnosis did not require neuropathic symptoms or signs. Multivariable logistic and ordinal regression were used to examine associations, with treatment intensity modeled as both a three-tier ordinal and categorical variable. Prespecified sensitivity analyses with progressively extensive covariate adjustment assessed confounding by indication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of NCS/EMG-defined DPN was 12.5%. Higher antidiabetic treatment intensity was associated with increased odds of DPN (per-tier ordinal odds ratio (OR) 1.86, 95% CI 1.50-2.30, P < 0.001), with similar effect sizes across sensitivity analyses. History of hypothyroidism (OR 1.796, 95% CI 1.183-2.727, P = 0.006), greater neck circumference (OR 1.022 per cm, 95% CI 1.004-1.041, P = 0.020) and lower free thyroxine (fT4, OR 0.967 per pmol/l, 95% CI 0.940-0.994, P = 0.018) were also associated with DPN. Recorded diabetes duration (adjusted OR (aOR) 1.000, 95% CI 0.998-1.001, P = 0.818) and single baseline (HbA1c, aOR 0.979, 95% CI 0.926-1.036) showed no clear independent association, which we interpret cautiously given uniformly poor glycemic control and the limitations of single-timepoint measurement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this county-hospital T2DM cohort, higher treatment intensity, hypothyroidism, and greater neck circumference were independently associated with NCS/EMG-defined large-fiber DPN and may inform risk stratification in resource-limited settings. The 12.5% prevalence reflects electrophysiological large-fiber abnormality rather than clinically defined DPN per Toronto criteria, and all observed associations are non-causal and hypothesis-generating.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1537-1558"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148817412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence, Clinical Benefits and Remaining Challenges.","authors":"Dorota Bomba-Opoń, Katarzyna Cypryk, Krzysztof Czajkowski, Ewa Wender-Ożegowska, Dorota Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01906-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-026-01906-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) technology has contributed to significant improvements in the care of women with pregestational type 1 diabetes (T1D), including for preconception management of glycemia. Increasingly, it is being recommended for use in women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) to achieve similar goals. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complication of pregnancy in women without dysglycemia prior to conception, and the use of CGM in this group is limited and is now only beginning to accumulate evidence. This growing evidence base indicates that the use of CGM can be associated with reductions in adverse pregnancy outcomes for women with GDM and their infants. These include reduced large for gestational age (LGA) offspring, fewer infants with macrosomia, reduced admissions to neonatal intensive care units (NICU), and fewer Cesarean section deliveries. Use of CGM has also been associated with earlier prediction of GDM risk and earlier detection of GDM, potentially enabling earlier glycemic management. The range of CGM-derived metrics that can be applied in the management of women with GDM includes sensor-detected average glucose, time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), time below range (TBR) and glycemic variability (GV). However, to date, no specific CGM targets for these metrics have been agreed. In this narrative review, we identify the clinical evidence that supports the use of CGM and CGM metrics of glucose control in women with GDM and indicate CGM targets that may have value in this important group. We also provide practical insights on how CGM devices can be used to understand daily and weekly glucose trends, thereby optimising glycemia during and after a pregnancy with GDM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1419-1434"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence.","authors":"Anna C Owczarczyk-Durma, Monika Blicharska, Leszek Czupryniak","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01913-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-026-01913-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prediabetes is a metabolic state that frequently precedes overt type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is associated with an increased risk of micro- and macrovascular complications. Lifestyle modification remains the cornerstone of management, and several pharmacological agents, including metformin, pioglitazone, acarbose and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), have demonstrated efficacy in delaying progression to T2DM. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (often referred to as gliflozins) are increasingly being investigated in this context. The aim of this review is to summarise current evidence regarding the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in adults with prediabetes and to discuss the arguments for and against their routine clinical use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A narrative review of publications retrieved from the PubMed database, addressing the role of SGLT2 inhibitors in prediabetes, was performed. Original studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews and high-quality narrative reviews up to February 2026 were considered for inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple studies have demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors improve insulin sensitivity, promote modest weight reduction, lower blood pressure and exert favourable effects on hepatic lipid metabolism. Two contemporary meta-analyses confirm that SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the incidence of new-onset T2DM in adults with prediabetes who also have heart failure or chronic kidney disease (CKD), with relative risk reductions of approximately 19-21%. This drug class is generally well tolerated, although it is associated with increased risk of genitourinary infections and rare but serious euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SGLT2 inhibitors appear to be a promising class of drugs for the prevention of T2DM, particularly in high-risk populations with concomitant cardiovascular or renal disease. However, dedicated randomised controlled trials in prediabetes-with adequate follow-up and washout periods-are necessary before routine use can be recommended. Current 2026 guidelines do not yet endorse SGLT2 inhibitors as a preventive therapy for prediabetes outside the indications of heart failure and CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1435-1448"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survodutide for Obesity in Chinese Adults: Phase 3 Randomized Trial Design and Baseline Characteristics (SYNCHRONIZE™-CN).","authors":"Linong Ji, Liming Chen, Zhifeng Cheng, Yibing Lu, Yan Yang, Fangming Fu, Yinan Zhu, Liying Jin, Isabel M Kloer","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01908-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-026-01908-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to describe the rationale, design, and overall baseline characteristics of the trial evaluating the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of survodutide in Chinese adults with overweight or obesity (SYNCHRONIZE™-CN, NCT06214741).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this 76-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, Chinese participants were randomized 1:1:1 to once-weekly subcutaneous survodutide (3.6 mg or 4.8 mg) or placebo plus lifestyle intervention. Participants with either body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m² or BMI ≥ 24 kg/m² and at least one obesity-related complication were eligible. The primary endpoints were the percentage change in body weight and achievement of body weight reduction ≥ 5% from baseline to week 52.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, participants (N = 306) had a mean age of 36.9 years, body weight 93.9 kg, waist circumference 105.6 cm, BMI 33.2 kg/m², triglycerides 2.2 mmol/L. 49% were women. 72.9% had at least one obesity-related complication, with metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatotic liver disease (48.4%), dyslipidemia (42.2%), hypertension (27.8%), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (16.7%) being the most prevalent, followed by obstructive sleep apnea (4.6%) and cardiovascular diseases (4.2%). In total, 19.6% had prediabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This trial was designed to provide a robust evaluation of efficacy and safety of survodutide for the treatment of obesity or overweight in Chinese adults.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinical Trials.gov identifier, NCT06214741.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1519-1535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148758418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Informed Basal Insulin Optimization System in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Initial Evaluation of Efficacy, Safety, and Impact on Patient-Reported Outcomes.","authors":"Sean M Oser, Chad Crystal, Kazanna C Hames, Xuan Li, Peggy Gao, Margaret A Crawford, Christian Hicks, Matthew Gerber, Thibault Gautier, Patricio Colmegna, Lei Yang, Harsimran Singh, Matthew L Johnson, Stayce E Beck","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01901-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-026-01901-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clinical inertia and the complexity of basal insulin titration are major barriers to optimal glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A prototype of the Dexcom Smart Basal system known as basal therapy optimization (BTO), a continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-informed basal insulin optimization system, was evaluated for its efficacy, safety, and impact on patient-reported outcomes (PRO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, single-arm study, 14 adults with T2D (three initiating and 11 optimizing basal insulin) used the BTO system. The study consisted of three phases: a ten-day baseline, up to 35 days of active titration, and a 20-day post-titration follow-up. Outcomes included change in CGM-derived glycemic metrics (mean glucose, time in range [TIR], time above range [TAR], time below range [TBR]), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and PROs (diabetes treatment satisfaction, glucose monitoring satisfaction, and patient-doctor depth of relationship) assessed using validated questionnaires. Safety was also assessed by the number of adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participants completed the study. The BTO system generated 401 insulin dose recommendations, with 96.5% accepted by the healthcare provider. After BTO-guided titration, mean glucose decreased by median (IQR) 26.3 (- 64.6, - 6.0) mg/dl (p = 0.0031), TIR 70-180 mg/dl increased by 16.0 (2.5, 43.7) percentage points (p = 0.0017), TAR > 180 mg/dl decreased by 15.9 (- 43.7, - 2.5) percentage points (p = 0.0017), and TBR < 70 mg/dl remained low (0.0-0.1%), with no clinically significant change in TBR. Median FBG decreased by 17.8 (- 54.4, 2.3) mg/dl (p = 0.052). No BTO- or study-related- adverse or severe adverse events were reported. Treatment satisfaction was significantly higher; median post-titration Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ) Change score was 17 (14, 18) on a scale ranging from - 18 to 18 and was significantly different from baseline DTSQ status score (p = 0.001). High satisfaction with glucose management and strong patient-provider relationships were preserved. Three illustrative cases highlighted successful insulin dose optimization through dose increases or decreases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CGM-informed basal insulin optimization with a prototype of Dexcom Smart Basal was associated with improvements in glycemic control and treatment satisfaction in adults with T2D, with a favorable safety profile. The system may help overcome clinical inertia and support individualized insulin titration in real-world settings.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT07681375 (Submitted for retrospective registration on 1/28/2026 and registered on 7/1/2026).</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1477-1494"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148700416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Semaglutide and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Use and Metabolic Outcomes in Chinese Adults With Diabetes: Post Hoc Analysis.","authors":"Shanshan Wang, Bixuan Dong, Zewei Shen","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01915-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-026-01915-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Real-world use of once-weekly semaglutide in adults with type 2 diabetes in China has been shown in SCHOLAR. This post hoc analysis investigated the use of combination semaglutide-sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) treatment, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) changes, and safety in a subset of SCHOLAR participants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants from SCHOLAR were included in this post hoc, single-arm analysis if they were prescribed once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide and had ≥ 1 SGLT2i prescription within 6 months of initiating semaglutide. Participants were grouped according to whether semaglutide use was continuous or not and by baseline HbA1c (≥ 7%). We evaluated the proportion of SCHOLAR participants prescribed combined semaglutide-SGLT2i. Key endpoints were: change in HbA1c from baseline to month 6; proportion of participants achieving a HbA1c level  < 7% at month 6; change in lipid profile from baseline to month 6; and safety profile of combined semaglutide-SGLT2i.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11,361 (42.3%) SCHOLAR participants were treated with combined semaglutide-SGLT2i. Mean change in HbA1c (95% confidence interval [CI]) from baseline to month 6 was - 0.64%-points (- 0.71, - 0.56) (p < 0.0001) for the overall combined semaglutide-SGLT2i group. The greatest change was seen in the continuous semaglutide group with baseline HbA1c ≥ 7% (- 1.20%-points [95% CI - 1.36, - 1.04]). The proportion of participants with HbA1c levels  < 7% increased from 37.8% at baseline to 55.1% at month 6 for the overall combined treatment group. There were significant reductions in mean total cholesterol (p < 0.0001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.0001), and triglycerides (p = 0.0043) as well as a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.0001). Gastrointestinal adverse events were most frequent.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combined semaglutide-SGLT2i treatment was prevalent in this subset of the SCHOLAR population and associated with significant reduction in HbA1c and changes in lipid profile. The safety profile of combined semaglutide-SGLT2i was similar to the overall SCHOLAR population.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT06351748.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Amylin-Based Agonists for the Treatment of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Theodoros Panou, Evanthia Gouveri, Djordje S Popovic, Nikolaos Papanas","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01921-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-026-01921-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity represent two major global health challenges. Amylin-based agonists offer a promising perspective. Three frontrunner agents of this class are increasingly being investigated: zenagamtide, eloralintide and cagrilintide-semaglutide (CagriSema).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Google Scholar was conducted with the use of appropriate keywords until June 2026 for this narrative review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Zenagamtide (formerly known as amycretin), a unimolecular long-lasting amylin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) co-agonist, achieved weight loss up to 13.1% (phase 1 study, 85 days) in obesity trials as an oral formulation and up to 24.3% (phase 1b/2a study, 36 weeks) as a subcutaneous formulation. Moreover, eloralintide, a long-acting mostly amylin type 1 receptor (AMY1R) agonist, achieved weight loss up to 20.1% (phase 2 study, 48 weeks), and CagriSema resulted in weight loss up to 22.7% (phase 3a study, 68 weeks). All these agents reduced body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). In T2DM, CagriSema reduced glycated haemoglobin (HbA_1c) by up to 2.0% (trial product estimand, phase 3a study, 68 weeks) and is currently the most well-studied agent in T2DM. In treatment-naïve people with T2DM, this agent has been successfully used, leading even to T2DM remission in approximately one out of two CagriSema users (phase 3a, 40 weeks). In individuals with T2DM receiving basal insulin, it reduced insulin dose by 20 units compared with the control arm (phase 3a, 40 weeks). The safety profile of amycretin and CagriSema is overall consistent with that of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs). Preliminary evidence suggests that eloralintide, as an AMY1R monoagonist, was associated with a distinct adverse events profile, including fatigue, headache and appetite loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These agents hold therapeutic potential in the management of both T2DM and obesity, as shown by preliminary clinical trial outcomes. Further trials are now needed to validate them in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Education in Disease Management Program for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus on All-Cause Mortality: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study.","authors":"Martin Selvek, Beáta Saal, Roman Mužik, Ivan Tkáč","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01922-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-026-01922-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Disease management programs (DMPs) and diabetes self-management education have been associated with improved clinical outcomes and reduced mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Since 2015, Dôvera Health Insurance Company has operated a diabetes DMP in Slovakia. We evaluated the association between DMP participation and all-cause mortality among patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used administrative healthcare data from 2013 to 2024. Patients participating in structured education (EDU) were compared with two reference groups: non-enrolled patients treated by diabetologists participating in the DMP (REF_DMP) and patients receiving diabetes care outside the DMP (REF). Propensity score matching was used to create 1:1:1 matched triplets. Survival was analyzed using a piecewise Cox regression with follow-up divided into ≤ 2 years and > 2 years. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to estimate population-average effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4702 EDU patients were successfully matched to controls from both reference groups, resulting in a matched cohort of 14,106 patients. During a median follow-up of 5.04 years, 1695 deaths occurred. Compared with the REF group, participation in structured education was associated with a 57% lower mortality risk during the first 2 years of follow-up (HR 0.43, 95% CI 0.30-0.60) and a 32% lower risk afterwards (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.57-0.81). REF_DMP showed no survival benefit. IPTW analysis demonstrated a similar time-dependent pattern, with estimated reductions in mortality risk of 60% during the first 2 years (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.28-0.57) and 31% beyond (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.59-0.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Undergoing education within DMP was associated with a substantial reduction in all-cause mortality among patients with T2DM. Although attenuated over time, a significant benefit persisted throughout long-term follow-up. These findings support structured education as a key component of diabetes DMPs and suggest that broader implementation may improve population-level outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exit Interviews Examining Patient Experiences with Tirzepatide and Dulaglutide for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in the SURPASS-CVOT Trial.","authors":"Katie D Stewart, Louis S Matza, Chanadda Chinthammit, Imre Pavo, Amy K Bartee, Kristina S Boye","doi":"10.1007/s13300-026-01907-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-026-01907-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Qualitative exit interviews with people who recently completed a clinical trial can provide in-depth insights into their treatment experience and the benefits they consider most meaningful. The purpose of this exit interview study was to examine the impact of long-term treatment with dulaglutide and tirzepatide from the perspective of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Interviews were conducted after participants completed treatment with either dulaglutide or tirzepatide in the multiyear SURPASS-CVOT clinical trial. Interviews were conducted by telephone or web-based conference using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed following a content analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 147 people were invited to participate in exit interviews across 10 US trial sites. A total of 74 participants were interviewed (63.5% male; mean age = 68.9 years), including 31 treated with dulaglutide and 43 treated with tirzepatide. Participants reported treatment benefits during the trial, such as improved glycemic control (97.3%), weight reduction (91.9%), reduced appetite (78.4%), improved diet and eating habits (64.9%), increased energy (56.8%), and decreased desire for unhealthy food (41.9%). Some also noted improvement in conditions other than T2D, including joint pain/osteoarthritis (18.9%) and sleep apnea (8.1%). Nearly all participants said these treatment-related changes were meaningful. Participants described improvements in quality of life and daily activities associated with treatment. The most commonly reported adverse event was nausea (28.4%). Most participants said they would be very likely (77.0%) or likely (16.2%) to recommend their treatment to others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exit interview results indicate that self-reported treatment benefits were important to people who received long-term treatment with dulaglutide or tirzepatide.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148988442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}