Diabetes Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Continuous Glucose Monitoring Among People with and without Diabetes Mellitus and Sleep Apnoea.","authors":"Evanthia Gouveri, Fotios Drakopanagiotakis, Theodoros Panou, Dimitrios Papazoglou, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Nikolaos Papanas","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01756-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01756-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association of sleep apnoea with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well studied. However, little is known on the impact of sleep apnoea on glycaemic variability (GV). Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems shed light on GV not only during sleep but throughout the day among people with or without diabetes mellitus (DM) and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). In this narrative review, we aimed to summarise the evidence on the role of CGM in assessing GV among individuals with sleep apnoea. Articles related to CGM use among individuals with OSAS were included. Emerging data suggests a significant impact of OSAS on glucose metabolism during sleep and wakefulness. Of note, OSAS affects GV irrespective of glycaemic status. Moreover, the severity of OSAS has been associated with increased GV. As GV triggers oxidative stress, it contributes to adverse outcomes in people with diabetes and/or OSAS. Interestingly, a beneficial effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on blood glucose and on GV in individuals with both T2DM and OSAS has emerged, but evidence is conflicting. Additionally, among pregnant women with gestational diabetes and sleep-disordered breathing, CGM could detect nocturnal hyperglycaemic episodes, improving glycaemic control and perinatal outcomes. Future studies are needed to investigate the exact impact of OSAS treatment on GV.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1533-1555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Baseline Diabetes Therapy-Related Quality of Life (DTR-QOL) and Subsequent Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study (Diabetes Distress and Care Registry at Tenri [DDCRT 26]).","authors":"Yuichi Nishioka, Yasuaki Hayashino, Kentaro Kurosawa, Kiyoko Takano, Satoshi Matsunaga, Shintaro Okamura, Satoru Tsujii, Hitoshi Ishii","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01755-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01755-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to examine a cohort of people with diabetes to prospectively determine the association between diabetes therapy-related quality of life (DTR-QOL) and the subsequent risk of all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Longitudinal data of 3795 individuals with diabetes were obtained from a single-center diabetes registry from 2011. To assess the association between DTR-QOL at baseline and the subsequent risk of all-cause mortality, a Cox proportional hazards model was used with adjustment for baseline potential confounders (age, sex, duration of diabetes, body mass index [BMI], glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] level, urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, history of diabetic retinopathy, symptomatic diabetic neuropathy, medical history, type of diabetes, and diabetes prescriptions).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed 425 deaths during a median follow-up of 8.7 years. The median (interquartile range) age and HbA1c level were 66 (60-74) years and 6.9% (6.7-8.1%), respectively. The DTR-QOL was significantly associated with younger age, female sex, higher BMI, higher HbA1c level, higher proportion of symptomatic diabetic neuropathy, higher proportion of diabetic retinopathy, and higher proportion of insulin use. In total, 425 deaths occurred during the study period. Compared with the third tertile group of DTR-QOL scores, the hazard ratios (HRs) were consistently 1.38 times higher in the first tertile group. Lower scores on \"burden on social activities and daily activities\" domain were associated with a higher HR, while lower scores on the other domains (\"anxiety and dissatisfaction with therapy,\" \"hypoglycemia,\" and \"satisfaction with therapy\") were not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A lower QOL related to diabetes therapy in people with diabetes was found to be associated with an increased risk of future mortality. Graphical Abstract available for this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1633-1648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of Suboptimal Insulin Dosing from People with Diabetes and Healthcare Professionals in Germany.","authors":"Alfonso Ponce-Ibarra, Nora Hennies, Rachel S Newson, Esther Artime, Erik Spaepen, Hans-Peter Kempe","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01767-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01767-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite advancements in diabetes therapeutics and innovations, suboptimal dosing continues to be a barrier to glycaemic control for people with diabetes (PwD). This study aimed to understand the extent of suboptimal insulin dosing and the factors underlying this behaviour from the perspective of PwD and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in Germany.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analysis included 400 German PwD employing analogue insulin pens (type 1 diabetes, n = 100; type 2 diabetes, n = 300) and 160 HCPs (general practitioners, n = 80; specialists, n = 80), and was part of a cross-sectional, multinational, noninterventional web-based survey (1150 PwD and 640 HCPs). The proportion of PwD reporting missed/mistimed/miscalculated insulin doses and the mean ± SD number of insulin doses missed/mistimed/miscalculated within the last 30 days were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 400 PwD (69.5% male, 30.5% female), the mean age was 47.1 ± 13.0 years. Within the last 30 days, 47.3% of PwD missed basal insulin doses (3.5 ± 2.9 mean number of insulin doses missed) and 58.0% missed bolus insulin doses (5.0 ± 10.1). Additionally, 47.3% and 51.0% mistimed basal insulin doses (3.9 ± 4.3 mean number of insulin doses mistimed) and bolus insulin doses (5.0 ± 7.1), respectively, and 47.5% and 63.3% PwD miscalculated basal insulin doses (4.5 ± 5.0 mean number of insulin doses miscalculated) and bolus insulin doses (5.5 ± 7.5), respectively. Of the 160 HCPs (73.1% male, 26.9% female), 98.1% were qualified for > 5 years. Overall, ≥ 67% HCPs indicated that up to 30% of PwD missed/forgot/skipped, mistimed, or miscalculated an insulin dose in the last 30 days. Reasons reported by PwD and HCPs included forgetting, being out of their normal routine, being too busy or distracted, or being unsure of how much insulin to take. PwD and HCPs suggested that having a device that automatically records glucose measurements, insulin doses, and timing and having dosing calculation guidance and real-time feedback on how insulin dosing impacts glucose levels would optimise insulin dosing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PwD are mismanaging insulin doses largely for preventable reasons. Integrated and automated insulin dosing support may optimise insulin management and improve communication between PwD and HCPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1727-1743"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Predictive Value of Insulin Resistance Surrogates for Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Qiuying Sun, Meiru Zhao, Xiaonan Wang, Jiangteng Wang, Yaxi Yang, Lin Liu, Di Zhu, Xu Li, Qingbo Guan, Xu Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01765-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01765-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Insulin resistance (IR) is a major feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and plays a crucial role in the accelerated progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). It has been found that surrogates of IR are of high value in assessing IR status. This study aims to evaluate the associations between surrogates of IR and DKD in T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1026 patients with T2DM from January 2021 to February 2022 were selected in our final analysis. Logistic regression analysis and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to assess the correlation between IR surrogates and DKD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The levels of triglyceride glucose-waist circumference (TyG-WC), triglyceride glucose-waist to height ratio (TyG-WHtR), visceral adiposity index (VAI), and lipid accumulation product (LAP) were significantly higher in the microalbuminuria group and macroalbuminuria group compared with the normoalbuminuria group (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the highest quartile of triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, TyG-WHtR, TyG-WC, LAP, and VAI were significantly correlated with DKD (all P < 0.05). The ROC curves and results showed that TyG area under the curve (AUC) > VAI AUC > TG/HDL-C AUC > TyG-WHtR AUC > LAP AUC > 0.7 > TyG-WC AUC > metabolic index of insulin resistance (METS-IR) AUC > 0.6 > triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) AUC > 0.5.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The predictive value of IR surrogates for DKD in T2DM varies. TG/HDL-C, TyG, TyG-WHtR, LAP, and VAI can effectively predict DKD and are expected to be simple and economic biological indicators of DKD risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1649-1663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144301338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Remission, Dream or Reality? A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Integrated Care Strategies.","authors":"Salvatore Corrao, Fabio Falcone, Luigi Mirarchi, Simona Amodeo, Luigi Calvo","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01761-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01761-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health priority, with an estimated 629 million people projected to be affected by the year 2045. T2DM significantly increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other complications. Hyperglycaemia imprints early molecular and cellular changes, often termed \"metabolic memory\", predisposing individuals to long-term microvascular and macrovascular complications, even after glycaemic normalisation. T2DM remission is increasingly recognised as an achievable target, offering substantial benefits such as reduced morbidity, improved quality of life, and preservation of beta-cell function. Among therapeutic options, metabolic surgery (MS) demonstrates the most significant impact, particularly for long-term outcomes. MS induces profound hormonal changes, including increased glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) levels and improved bile acid metabolism, alongside reductions in ectopic fat in the liver and pancreas, which improve insulin sensitivity and secretion. However, intensive lifestyle and pharmacological interventions, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/glucagon-like peptide 1 dual agonists like tirzepatide, also show promise, particularly when implemented early in the disease course. Predictors of sustained remission include younger age, shorter diabetes duration, lower baseline HbA1c, absence of insulin use, fewer medications and greater total weight loss percentage. Emerging tools such as the DiaRem score, machine learning models, and biomarkers like FGF-21 enhance patient stratification and predict remission likelihood. This narrative review explores the mechanisms and therapeutic options for T2DM remission, evaluates their impact on long-term outcomes and highlights the importance of early, multidisciplinary, and personalised interventions to optimize remission and improve metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1557-1579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Semaglutide as an Opportunity for an Appropriate Therapeutic Switch in People with Type 2 Diabetes: A Delphi Consensus.","authors":"Matteo Bruglia, Francesca Cardini, Raffaella Di Luzio, Stefania Fiorini, Antonella Guberti, Silvia Haddoub, Valentina Lo Preiato, Alessandra Luberto, Francesca Lugli, Massimiliano Maiello, Elisa Manicardi, Marco Marcello Marcellini, Marcello Monesi, Francesca Pellicano, Daniela Piani, Rosa Maria Trianni, Anna Vacirca, Antonio Nicolucci, Paolo Di Bartolo","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01762-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01762-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The expanding range of therapeutic options for type 2 diabetes (T2D) calls for a reassessment of clinical scenarios in which existing glucose-lowering therapies might be substituted with the oral glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) semaglutide (OS). In light of the numerous unresolved questions, a panel of experts was convened to develop practical guidance for clinicians using the Delphi consensus method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A panel of 13 experts formulated 31 statements addressing the following clinical scenarios: switch from injectable GLP-1 RA to OS; switch from sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor to OS; switch from insulin to OS; switch from dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor (DPP4i) to OS; switch from \"old\" oral therapies (i.e., sulfonylureas, glinides, pioglitazone, acarbose) to OS. A panel of 28 diabetologists from the Emilia-Romagna region evaluated each statement by assigning a relevance score on a 9-point scale via a dedicated online platform. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method was employed to determine the presence of disagreement among panelists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Panelists showed agreement for all 31 statements, all considered relevant. Panelists agreed that in many circumstances OS can represent a valuable alternative to injectable GLP-1 RAs, other oral glucose-lowering drugs, and insulin. The selection of OS is justified by its proven effectiveness in reducing glycated hemoglobin and body weight, as well as its positive impact on cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality. Furthermore, OS can allow a simplification of therapy in patients treated with insulin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In an ever-evolving therapeutic landscape, OS therapy stands as a valuable option in the management of patients with T2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1707-1725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144336403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Polyethylene Glycol Loxenatide in Combination with Basal Insulin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Real-World Study.","authors":"Xiaohuan Liu, Ying Zhang, Li-Ling Zhao, Yale Duan, Zhizhen Hu, Liya Bao, Ping Jin","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01737-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01737-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who cannot achieve normal glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are sometimes given the combined therapeutic regimen of polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe) + basal insulin. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of PEG-Loxe combined with basal insulin in patients with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, real-world study included patients with T2DM aged ≥ 18 years for whom basal insulin therapy was ineffective, whose HbA1c levels were between 7.0% and 11.0%, and who were on either continued basal insulin dose adjustment or who had received PEG-Loxe + basal insulin combined therapy for at least 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c level after 24 weeks treatment. Secondary endpoints included HbA1c achievement target rate, change in fasting plasma glucose and body weight, respectively, and change in HbA1c stratified by sex, age, disease duration, and baseline HbA1c level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 307 patients were identified. After propensity score matching, 44 patients each were included in the basal insulin and PEG-Loxe + basal insulin group. After 24 weeks, a significant difference in Hb1Ac reduction between the groups (P = 0.003) was observed. Also, patients treated with PEG-Loxe + basal insulin combined therapy experienced greater body weight reduction compared those treated with basal insulin only (intergroup difference: - 3.2 kg; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] - 5.4, - 1.0]; P = 0.005). There was a significant intergroup difference in weight reduction in patients with body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m² (- 8.4 kg; 95% CI - 13.9, - 3.0; P = 0.004). HbA1c levels in female patients aged < 65 years with HbA1c ≥ 8.5% and with a disease duration ≥ 10 years were significantly different between the two treatment groups (P < 0.005). Hypoglycemic events occurred in 10.4% of patients treated with PEG-Loxe + basal insulin with no cases of level 3 hypoglycemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PEG-Loxe + basal insulin combined therapy was safe and effective in patients with T2DM who did not achieve optimal glycemic control with insulin therapy alone.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: ChiCTR2400086699.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1581-1592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes in New User Cohorts of SGLT2 Inhibitors or GLP-1 Receptor Agonists with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"J Bradley Layton, Ryan Ziemiecki, Catherine B Johannes, Manel Pladevall-Vila, Anam M Khan, Natalie Ebert, Csaba P Kovesdy, Christian Fynbo Christiansen, Aníbal García-Sempere, Hiroshi Kanegae, Craig I Coleman, Michael Walsh, Ina Trolle Andersen, Clara Rodríguez-Bernal, Celia Robles Cabaniñas, Reimar W Thomsen, Alfredo E Farjat, Alain Gay, Patrick Gee, Isabel Hurtado, Naoki Kashihara, Philip Vestergaard Munch, Fangfang Liu, Suguru Okami, Satoshi Yamashita, Yuichiro Yano, David Vizcaya, Nikolaus G Oberprieler","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01750-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01750-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have an increased risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular disease. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) have shown cardiorenal protective effects. The objective of this multinational, multidatabase study was to describe the incidence of kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in separate, non-mutually exclusive cohorts of patients with CKD and T2D who initiated either an SGLT2i or a GLP-1 RA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data describing adults (≥ 18 years) with T2D and CKD who were new users of either SGLT2i or GLP-1 RA from 2012 to 2019 were assessed from population-based Danish National Health Registers (DNHR) and Valencia Health System Integrated Database (VID), hospital-based Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database Extension (J-CKD-DB-Ex), and US Optum^® de-identified Electronic Health Record dataset (Optum^® EHR). Crude incidence rates (IRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for primary outcomes (kidney failure, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, new-onset congestive heart failure, new-onset atrial fibrillation) and cumulative incidence by follow-up time for primary and secondary outcomes (laboratory measurements of kidney function) were estimated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SGLT2i cohorts comprised 12,501 patients in DNHR, 22,404 in VID, 811 in J-CKD-DB-Ex, and 54,308 in Optum^® EHR. GLP-1 RA cohorts comprised 10,696 in DNHR, 8317 in VID, 219 in J-CKD-DB-Ex, and 78,934 in Optum^® EHR. Baseline clinical profile differences were observed for GLP-1 RA and SGLT2i new users, and crude IRs of kidney and heart failure tended to be higher in the GLP-1 RA cohorts than in the SGLT2i cohorts across data sources.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Understanding the incidence of kidney failure and cardiovascular outcomes in people receiving antidiabetic medications with cardiorenal protective effects is important for future studies aiming to compare the incidence of kidney and cardiovascular outcomes related to new and existing CKD treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1597-1614"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Effcacy of Polyethylene Glycol Loxenatide in Combination with Basal Insulin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Real-World Study.","authors":"Xiaohuan Liu, Ying Zhang, Li-Ling Zhao, Yale Duan, Zhizhen Hu, Liya Bao, Ping Jin","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01757-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01757-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1593-1595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights on Hospitalisations from the Phase 3a ONWARDS 1-6 Trials of Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec.","authors":"Athena Philis-Tsimikas, Julie Krogsdahl Bache, Ariel Fu, Monika Kellerer, Karen Salvesen-Sykes, Stephen C Bain","doi":"10.1007/s13300-025-01745-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13300-025-01745-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The ONWARDS programme assessed the efficacy and safety of once-weekly insulin icodec (icodec) versus once-daily basal insulin comparators in type 2 diabetes (T2D) or type 1 diabetes (T1D). This post hoc exploratory analysis of ONWARDS 1-6 assessed the impact of icodec during and around hospitalisation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ONWARDS 1-6 were randomised, two-arm, phase 3a trials (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04460885; NCT04770532; NCT04795531; NCT04880850; NCT04760626; NCT04848480). Adults with T2D (ONWARDS 1-5; n = 3765) and T1D (ONWARDS 6; n = 582) received icodec or once-daily comparators (insulin degludec, insulin glargine U100, insulin glargine U300). Hospitalised cases were analysed for: hospitalisation duration, icodec dose, self-measured blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA_1c) levels, and clinically significant and severe hypoglycaemia before, during, and after hospitalisation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across trials, a similar number of participants receiving icodec (n = 152/2172) and once-daily comparators (n = 156/2175) were hospitalised. Median duration of hospital stay was similar between treatment groups (icodec, 5.0 days; once-daily comparators, 6.0 days); icodec dose remained fairly stable around hospitalisation. Most hospitalised participants completed the trial without permanently discontinuing treatment (icodec, 84.9%; once-daily comparators, 90.4%). Mean HbA_1c levels remained relatively stable over assessed time points for both treatment groups. Six participants receiving icodec (one with T2D; five with T1D) and three receiving once-daily comparators (one with T2D; two with T1D) reported clinically significant or severe hypoglycaemia during hospitalisation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Similar numbers of hospitalisations were reported in both treatment arms. Icodec treatment was continued during hospitalisation in most participants and did not appear to have an impact on glycaemic management or hypoglycaemia. This analysis suggests that once-weekly icodec could be managed in a similar way to once-daily basal insulin analogues during hospitalisation.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers, NCT04460885 (ONWARDS 1), NCT04770532 (ONWARDS 2), NCT04795531 (ONWARDS 3), NCT04880850 (ONWARDS 4), NCT04760626 (ONWARDS 5), NCT04848480 (ONWARDS 6).</p>","PeriodicalId":11192,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1615-1631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}