Current Pediatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Serum zinc changes in term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia after phototherapy","authors":"Aida A Manthar","doi":"10.4172/456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/456","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neonatal jaundice occurs due to the elevated levels of unconjugated bilirubin and may induce neurological sequelae, such as encephalopathy. Phototherapy remains the main primary management in neonatal jaundice; one of its effects is elevated in zinc level. Objectives: Assess serum zinc level in full term neonates who had hyperbilirubinemia and treated by phototherapy before and after phototherapy and study it`s relation to selected neonatal, maternal and labour factors. Methods: A prospective study has been carried out in Basrah Maternity and Children Hospital, 2nd neonatal care unit to assess serum zinc on 60 term neonates appropriate for gestational age with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia treated by phototherapy. Neonatal, maternal data were collected, serum zinc was assessed before and after phototherapy, (normal range: 50-150 μg/dL), elevated in serum zinc was studied in relation to selected variables. Results: It was found that total serum bilirubin was lower after phototherapy and serum zinc was elevated. The result is statistically significant. Elevated serum zinc was found in 33.3% of cases. It was more in in extensive phototherapy than double or single. P value < 0.05. Also, more with prolonged period of phototherapy but the result was statistically not significant. It was not related to other neonatal or maternal characters. Conclusion: Serum zinc is elevated after phototherapy in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, increase level is more with use of extensive phototherapy and increase level of total serum bilirubin.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70318524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performing sound imitation in differentiating stridor and wheezing inclinical practice","authors":"Nasser S Alharbi, Dana Al-Enezi, Alwalid Alteraif","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.1.334-336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.1.334-336","url":null,"abstract":"Noisy breathing is a common symptom of respiratory illnesses; wheezing and stridor are common sounds that need to be clarified during assessment of children with history of recurrent attacks of noisy breathing. The answers of non-english speaking families can be influenced by the used words to express wheezing and stridor in their language. The primary outcome of this survey based study is to assess if the sounds imitation of wheezing and stridor is a common practice by Arabic speaking pediatricians while assessing children with noisy breathing. A hundred fifty two arabic speaking pediatricians participated. Almost 25% and 5% of Arabic speaking pediatricians use sound imitation to express stridor and wheezing (respectively). Mainly due to their inability to express stridor/ wheezing in Arabic language, variable Arabic words are used to express both sounds interchangeably. The pediatricians have a major language barrier to express stridor and wheezing to their original language, sound imitation of both sounds is common practice and we suggest that it improves the communication between pediatricians and families.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"334-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70026867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications of microdebrider assisted endoscopic adenoidectomy.","authors":"M. Jaber","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.6.627-630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.6.627-630","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The adenoid is part of lymphoid tissue called Waldeyer’s ring. Pathological effects include rhinitis, rhino sinusitis, otitis media and otitis media with effusion. Failure of medical therapy in these conditions may need surgical intervention. Adenoidectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures in children, but many complications can occur as bleeding, velopharyngeal incompetence, and re growth of the adenoid. Aim of the study: To assess the complications of microdebrider assisted endoscopic adenoidectomy. Methods: This study is a prospective in natureconsisted of 100 patients. They were 55 males and 45 females. They had been assessed at the Al-Diwaniah Teaching Hospital, Al-Diwaniah city, Iraq, during the period of March 2017 to January 2020, the age ranges from 5-15 years. An inclusion criterion is adenoid hypertrophy causing one or more of the following: nasal obstruction, recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, recurrent acute otitis media, otitis media with effusion, or sleep apnea, not responding to adequate conservative therapy. Exclusion criteria are: small asymptomatic adenoid, bleeding tendency, patient required tonsillectomy and patient with craniofacial anomalies as cleft palate. All the patients had microdebrider assisted endoscopic adenoidectomy. Results: The post-operative pain was mild, reactionary haemorrhage recorded in 3 patients while secondary haemorrhage was not recorded. 2 patients developed adenoid recurrence. 1 patient developed nasopharyngeal blood clot. Infection occurred in 2 patients. Velopharyngeal incompetence occurred in 3 patients. Eustachian tube injury occurred in only 1 patient. Conclusion: Microdebrider Assisted Endoscopic Adenoidectomy (MAEA) provides direct visualization and controlled surgery so it is safe and decrease the rate of complications, and can be carried as day case surgery.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"627-630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70028212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden infant death syndrome: Etiology and epidemiology.","authors":"A. Alsarhan","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.445-447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.445-447","url":null,"abstract":"This study reviewed the literature regarding causes and epidemiology of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). SIDS is defined as the unexplained death of a newborn under the age of one year following a thorough investigation that includes a complete autopsy, death scene investigation, and detailed clinical and pathological assessment. Reasons for the development the disease is not fully yet understood but can attribute by genetic factors and environmental factors. There still a need for more research to understand in-depth the reasons leading to SIDS.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70028442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphatic malformation of abdomen in children; eight year experience from a tertiary care centre.","authors":"R. Hamid, Reyaz Ahmad, Zahid Akbar, Younis Ahmad, Idress Ahmad, AkshitSudhanshu, N. Bhat, A. Baba, G. Mufti, K. Sheikh, W. Shah","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.341-346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.341-346","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lymphatic malformations of abdomen include mesenteric, omental and retroperitoneal cysts. These are benign malformations with variable presentation. These malformations may present as abdominal distension, abdominal pain, features of intestinal obstruction and rarely acute abdomen. Ultrasonography, CT scan and MRI provide characteristics of malformations like size, composition and may at times help in determining the origin of the lesion. Surgical exploration confirms the diagnosis besides being therapeutic. The mesenteric and omental cysts are either enucleated or need bowel resection or sometimes, partial cyst excision with marsupliazation. Intraoperative injection of the sclerosing agent is an option in instances when excision is not possible or feasible. We analysed the clinical characteristics, management and follow-up of these cases in our study. Methods: We analysed 26 cases of abdominal lymphatic malformations. The data regarding epidemiological and clinical characteristics were reviewed and recorded. Operative record and imaging findings were noted. The long and short term results of the surgical treatment were analysed. Results: Twenty six cases (18 Male:8 Female) were included in this study. The most common presentation was chronic abdominal symptoms like pain, vomiting or distension. Three patients had antenatal diagnosis while eleven patients had symptoms three months before being diagnosed. The average age of presentation was 48.64 months. Twelve (46.15%) patients had solitary cyst. Fifteen (57.69%) patients had mesenteric cyst, 6(23.07%) had omental cyst and five (19.23%) patients had cyst extending to the retro peritoneum. Twelve patients underwent enucleation. Serous fluid was the content in ten (38.48%) patients. Two patients needed emergency surgery for intestinal obstruction. The average follow-up was 46 months. Two patients required re-exploration after initial incomplete resection. Overall recurrence rate was seen in four cases (15.38%). Conclusion: Lymphatic malformations of abdomen can have varied presentation. Ultrasonography and CT scan or MRI is useful diagnostic tools. Mesenteric cysts need resection anastomosis. Omental cysts are amenable to resection. Multi-loculated and retroperitoneal cyst may need partial excision or sclerotherapy. Long term outcome is excellent.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"341-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70028720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperamental patterns and infant joint attention in typical development.","authors":"A. Frolli, A. Lombardi, A. Bosco, F. DiCarmine, Ricci Mc","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.1.337-341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.1.337-341","url":null,"abstract":"Joint attention refers to the ability to share attention between two individuals and a third object. These skills include referential gaze and gestures such as giving and showing, and pointing. We distinguish the RJA (Response to Joint Attention) when a behaviour is initiated by the parent and the child follows an indicated object with his eye gaze, and the IJA (Initiative to Joint Attention) when the child begins a sharing behaviour aimed at satisfaction of his needs. Some researchers have highlighted how temperament plays a role in the development of JA, in particular the style of temperament and emotional reactivity. In this study, we investigate infant’s temperamental elements at 18-24 month and how it could relate to IJA and RJA performance. Study participants were recruited among 32 nurseries, for a total of 248 children. In order to assess the temperamental factors and joint attention capabilities, nest operators were required to perform two questionnaires, respectively to evaluate the temperament and JA.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"337-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70026958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between maternal reflexive functions and joint attention in neurotypical children.","authors":"A. Frolli, C. RicciM, A. Bosco, G. Mango, F. DiCarmine, M. Conson, F. Precenzano, M. Carotenuto","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.3.401-407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.3.401-407","url":null,"abstract":"The 20th century witnessed tremendous breakthroughs in medical research by virtue of a plethora of discoveries and advances in fundamental biology and disease management. The 21st century is taking medicine to unprecedented heights. Clinical research sponsored by a flourishing industry shaped our understanding of modern medicine. However, industry funded clinical research cannot answer all medical questions. In this review, we look at the growing impetus on investigator initiated studies, their impact on deeper understanding of real world needs, involvement of pharmaceutical, devices and imaging industry in supporting investigator or institution initiated research and instances of such successful endeavours that has changed the way medicine is practised. We also delve into the changing landscape of clinical research ecosystem in the light of recent advances in technologies like genomics, biologics, companion diagnostics and precision medicine system and the urgent need of creating and supporting a culture of research among individual clinicians, institutions, public and Government bodies in alleviating global disease burden. We recommend structural and functional models of association between the industry and investigator initiated research in order to overcome the traditional challenges of such research and pave the way for a fruitful and collaborative approach towards inclusive and comprehensive patient centric disease management.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"401-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70027404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of minimal enteral nutrition in neonates with perinatal asphyxia during therapeutic hypothermia: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Trimal Kulkarni, S. Charki, V. Biradar, Tanmaya Tyagaraj, T. Anju, M. Patil, S. Kalyanshettar, S. Patil","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.3.466-471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.3.466-471","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Therapeutic Hypothermia (TH) is a standard of care for neonates with birth asphyxia with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Despite lack of evidence, it is common practice to withhold feeds during TH due to risk of NEC. As there are no prior Indian studies and in view of limited evidence, this study was aimed to assess the feasibility of minimal enteral nutrition in our cohort of asphyxiated neonates during TH. Methods: This study was conducted in the Level III a NICU of Shri BM Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura. Design: Open-label, parallel grouped, randomized controlled trial. 100 asphyxiated neonates undergoing therapeutic hypothermia were enrolled. Eligible newborns were randomized to receive either minimal enteral feeding or no feeding (50 newborns in each group) during therapeutic hypothermia. Results: Both groups were comparable in maternal and neonatal characteristics. Among 100 cooled neonates, 50 cooled neonates were randomized to MEN group and 50 cooled neonates to Control group. No statistically significant differences were observed among complications associated with therapeutic hypothermia between MEN group and Control group. Indicators of Sepsis and NEC such as Leucopenia/Neutropenia/Thrombocytopenia were observed in both groups which was not statistically significant (p>0.05). MEN neonates had a reduced length of hospital stay (mean 9 ± 2 days vs. 14 ± 3 days, p<0.05), and time to reach full oral feeds (7 ± 2 days vs. 12 ± 3 days, p<0.05). Conclusion: Minimal enteral feeding for neonates with moderate or severe HIE receiving therapeutic hypothermia is safe and feasible and associated with decreased time to reach full enteral feeding and reduced NICU stay and is not associated with significant complications like NEC.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"466-471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70027464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Putative effects of sexual hormones and cytokines in pre and post-menopausal women during bacterial urinary tract infection.","authors":"Ruaaabdal Kreemali, S. Abed, F. Rija","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.7.669-673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.7.669-673","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) affect mostly females. The infection and possible consequent ascent of bacteria is enhanced by various risk factors. Sex hormones regulate gene transcription implicated in immune cell development and maturation, in regulation of immune responses and immune signaling pathways. This study was designed to determine the relationship between UTI and some sex hormones and role of them in cytokines related to immune response in pre and post-menopausal women during bacterial infection. The study included 90 urine samples from females age (18-69) years: forty five were pre-menopause group subdivided into two groups includes (25 infected with UTI and 20 control subjects) , while others forty five post- menopause group includes (25 infected with UTI and 20 control subjects) were attending to clinic of urology at Salahaldeen hospital and private medical clinic in Tikrit City. Blood samples were collected from these women to determine the concentrations of sex hormones (Estrogen (E2), Progesterone)and cytokines includes (Interleukin10 (IL-10),Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β), Human β-Defensin 2 (HBD2) and Toll-Like Receptor4 (TLR-4) in those Sera, they assaying using ELISA technique assay . The positive isolates were selected for infected females of pre and post-menopausal. Fifty bacterial isolated were isolated from infected women with UTI, and the most frequently isolated microorganisms 27(54%) were Gram-negative bacteria; 15(60%) and 12(48%) pre and post-menopausal respectively, Followed by Gram-positive bacteria 23(46%) isolated; 10(40%) and 13(52%) pre and post-menopausal respectively. According to current research results of urine culture bacterial isolation, the most commonly isolated microorganisms were: Escherichia coli 15(30%) 8(32%), 7(28%) pre and post-menopausal respectively; and Enterobacter fecales in 10(20%) 5(20%), 5(20%) pre and post-menopausal respectively. The most effective antimicrobial agents were Amikacin, Gentamicin and Amoxicillin but the less effective were Ceftriaxone, Norfloxacin, and Nitrofurantoin. The results showed that the concentration of estrogen and progesterone hormones were higher in pre and post-menopausal without UTI (414.0 ± 34.2 pg/ml; 1.589 ± 0.460) pg/ml (406.1 ± 30.71 pg/ml; 1.894 ± 0.292) while decreased in pre and post-menopausal with UTI respectively; and decreased in the levels of IL-10, TGF-β, HBD2 and TLR-4 in a females with UTI pre and post-menopausal when compared without UTI females. The interaction between sex hormones and the incidence, progression and morbidity of UTI may be due to effective role of them at the levels of some cytokines like of IL-10, TGF-β, HBD2 and TLR-4. The ability of sex hormones to increase production of antimicrobial peptides, combined with the effect on epithelial integrity or distribution of proteins associated with cell-cell contact, to mention a few, place them as possible candidates for supportive treatment of UTI.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"669-673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70027875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two years of premarital screening program for hemoglobinopathies in Karbala, Iraq; Outcome and options for improving the program.","authors":"Mohammed Naji Atiyah, Basheer Ali, H. Abd","doi":"10.35841/0971-9032.25.6.631-638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35841/0971-9032.25.6.631-638","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thalassemia and sickle cell disease are common autosomal recessive disorders and are the most widespread single gene disorder that considered important public health problems. Premarital screening is important step in prevention of hemoglobinopathies. Aim: to evaluate the outcome of 2 years of the premarital screening program in Karbala and options to improve that program. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study by assessment of 2 years of premarital screening in Karbala Blood Disease Center started from January 2019 till December 2020. Total number of individuals screened for hemoglobinopathies in that period was 1306 (653 couples) referred from five marital clinics, Complete blood count was done for all screened couples. Results: The bulk number of tested individuals was in 2019 because of the corona pandemic, nearly half of those couples were relatives, the majority was referred from Al-Husseini hospital, about 5% of these marriages were contraindicated to be accomplished and 3 % were cautious. β-Thalassemia minor was the main type of abnormal hemoglobinopathies discovered. Conclusion: Some risky marriages were prevented by doing the premarital screening but still we need other concerted efforts to improve the outcome of the program.","PeriodicalId":11183,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"631-638"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70027762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}