Current Pediatric Reviews最新文献

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Cord Blood Cortisol Level - A Possible Predictor for Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Preterm Neonates. 脐带血皮质醇水平--早产新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的可能预测因子
IF 1.3
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0115733963246135231228100531
Anup John Thomas, Dhandapany Gunasekaran, Chandrasekaran Venkatesh, Nanda Chhavi, Soundararajan Palanisamy
{"title":"Cord Blood Cortisol Level - A Possible Predictor for Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Preterm Neonates.","authors":"Anup John Thomas, Dhandapany Gunasekaran, Chandrasekaran Venkatesh, Nanda Chhavi, Soundararajan Palanisamy","doi":"10.2174/0115733963246135231228100531","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733963246135231228100531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is a leading cause of death in premature infants. There are different clinical/ biochemical markers associated with the RDS. One of the potential biochemical markers is cortisol in cord blood.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to correlate cortisol levels in preterm neonates with RDS and to establish whether cord blood cortisol is a reliable predictor for RDS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective analytical study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over nine months among fifty preterm neonates. Data was collected using proforma, and cord blood was collected at the time of delivery. Cortisol levels were compared and correlated to the development of RDS.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The mean ± SD cord blood cortisol level among preterm neonates was 5.97 ± 2.74 (SD) μg/dl. The levels were higher in neonates whose mothers received antenatal steroids and were significantly lower (2.86 ± 1.66 μg/dl) in those who developed RDS. Association between cord blood cortisol level and RDS was found with an odds ratio of 57.4, which was statistically significant. The percentage of babies developing RDS in mothers not covered with antenatal steroids was significantly higher than those covered (p-value is 0.000). The mean cord blood cortisol levels were exceptionally low (1.89 μg/dl) in neonates who expired compared to those who survived (7.02 μg/dl).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is an association between cord blood cortisol levels and RDS. Hence, Cord blood cortisol levels may be used to predict RDS and help initiate early treatment, thus preventing mortality and morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"276-282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139402279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Current Understanding and Challenges for the Future. 坏死性小肠结肠炎:目前的认识和未来的挑战。
IF 1.6
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0115733963318619240923062033
Giuseppe De Bernardo, Carolina Vecchione, Carmen Langella, Carla Ziello, Grazia Parisi, Maurizio Giordano, Giuseppe Buonocore, Serafina Perrone
{"title":"Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Current Understanding and Challenges for the Future.","authors":"Giuseppe De Bernardo, Carolina Vecchione, Carmen Langella, Carla Ziello, Grazia Parisi, Maurizio Giordano, Giuseppe Buonocore, Serafina Perrone","doi":"10.2174/0115733963318619240923062033","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733963318619240923062033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This perspective reviews the definition and current understanding of necrotizing enterocolitis and evaluates a future prevention approach to this multifactorial disease. An overview of the prevention approach in general is presented, where key aspects and emerging criticisms are identified. In addition, key elements of early diagnosis and treatment are presented, together with some of their challenges and ambiguities. Moreover, it concludes with emerging questions from the global community to reach a consensus on the definition, diagnosis, and management of necrotizing enterocolitis disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"207-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bed Bug Infestation: An Updated Review. 臭虫侵扰:最新评论。
IF 1.3
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573396320666230406084801
Alexander K C Leung, Joseph M Lam, Benjamin Barankin, Kin Fon Leong, Kam Lun Hon
{"title":"Bed Bug Infestation: An Updated Review.","authors":"Alexander K C Leung, Joseph M Lam, Benjamin Barankin, Kin Fon Leong, Kam Lun Hon","doi":"10.2174/1573396320666230406084801","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573396320666230406084801","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the past decade, there has been a global resurgence of bed bug infestations, especially in developed countries. Proper awareness and identification of bed bug infestations are essential to guide treatment and eradication. The purpose of this article is to familiarize physicians with bed bug bites so that they can effectively diagnose, treat, and address questions about bed bug bites and infestations. Bed bug bites are often painless. Typical reactions include pruritic, erythematous maculopapules occurring in clusters or in a linear or curvilinear distribution in exposed areas of the body. A small red punctum may be visualized at the center of the bite mark. Lesions that appear three in a row and papules on the upper eyelid associated with erythema and edema are highly suggestive of bites from bed bugs. Exaggerated local reactions such as vesicles, urticarial wheals, urticarial perilesional plaques, diffuse urticaria, bullae, and nodules may occur in previously sensitized individuals. Reactions to bed bug bites are self-limited. As such, treatment is mainly symptomatic. Topical pramoxine and oral antihistamines can be used to alleviate pruritus. Topical corticosteroids can be used for significant eruptions to control inflammation and pruritus, and to hasten resolution of the lesions. Integrated pest management, an approach for the eradication of bed bugs, includes monitoring devices (active monitors include the use of heat or carbon dioxide attractants and passive monitors include the use of sticky pads for trapping), and judicious use of nonchemical and chemical treatments known to be effective. Nonchemical interventions include keeping affected areas clean and free of clutter, vacuuming, washing linens with hot water, caulking wall holes and cracks where bugs can hide, proper disposal of highly infested items, and placement of bed bug traps/interceptors at the base of beds and furniture. Chemical interventions involve the use of insecticides such as synthetic pyrethroids, silicates, insect growth disruptors, carbamates, organophosphates, neonicotinoids, diethyl-meta-toluamide, chlorfenapyr, fipronil and plant essential oils. Insecticides should be used with caution to prevent over-exposure and toxicity (in particular, cardiovascular and neurologic toxicity), especially if there are young children around. It is important to note that multiple mechanisms of insecticide resistance exist and as such, chemical treatment should only be undertaken by trained professionals who understand the current literature on resistance. Both nonchemical and chemical technologies should be combined for optimal results. Bed bug infestations may cause diverse dermal reactions, stigmatization, poor self-esteem, emotional stress, anxiety, significant adverse effect on quality of life, and substantial socioeconomic burden to society. As such, their rapid detection and eradication are of paramount importance. Consultation with a professional exterminator is recom","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"137-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9267236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use and Efficacy of I-gel in Complicated Intubations in Newborn Infants: A Review of Case Reports in the Literature. I-Gel 在新生儿复杂插管中的使用和疗效:文献中的病例报告综述。
IF 1.3
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0115733963295361240426064436
Emiliano Barbieri, Maurizio Giordano, Giuseppe Sorgente, Giulia Borgia, Marta Improta, Monica Colonna, Valeria Crisci, Valentina Fattorusso, Flavia Barbieri, Giuseppe Buonocore, Giuseppe De Bernardo
{"title":"Use and Efficacy of I-gel in Complicated Intubations in Newborn Infants: A Review of Case Reports in the Literature.","authors":"Emiliano Barbieri, Maurizio Giordano, Giuseppe Sorgente, Giulia Borgia, Marta Improta, Monica Colonna, Valeria Crisci, Valentina Fattorusso, Flavia Barbieri, Giuseppe Buonocore, Giuseppe De Bernardo","doi":"10.2174/0115733963295361240426064436","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733963295361240426064436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Current guidelines for neonatal resuscitation suggest the use of a laryngeal mask when ventilation with both facemask and endotracheal tube has failed in newborns weighing >2000 g or delivered ≥ 34 weeks of gestation age. Paediatric I-gel<sup>®</sup> is one of the latest supraglottic airway management devices suitable for children and newborns. I-gel<sup>®</sup> use was effective in guaranteeing adequate ventilation in patients with anatomic abnormalities in case of respiratory impairment or during surgical procedures after the induction of anaesthesia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of our review was to evaluate the use and efficacy of I-gel<sup>®</sup> in case of complicated intubations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In July 2023, two authors of this paper independently conducted searches of the MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases without imposing any time constraints or other restrictions. Three case reports were included, each describing the use of I-gel<sup>®</sup> device in difficult intubations in newborns with anatomical abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No difficulties were reported in the insertion of the device, which was placed even by inexperienced clinicians.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data collected highlighted the possibility of using I-gel<sup>®</sup> not only as a rescue device after attempted and failed endotracheal placement but also as a first choice in selected patients. Studies on larger cohorts would be needed. Further research involving larger patient cohorts of multicentre NICUs is necessary to confirm the use of laryngeal masks in neonates weighing less than 2000 grams.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"51-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SARS-CoV-2 Encephalitis versus Influenza Encephalitis: More Similarities than Differences. SARS-CoV-2 脑炎与流感脑炎:相似之处多于不同之处
IF 1.3
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573396320666230821110450
Kam L E Hon, Alexander K C Leung, Yok W Tan, Karen K Y Leung, Paul K S Chan
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Encephalitis <i>versus</i> Influenza Encephalitis: More Similarities than Differences.","authors":"Kam L E Hon, Alexander K C Leung, Yok W Tan, Karen K Y Leung, Paul K S Chan","doi":"10.2174/1573396320666230821110450","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573396320666230821110450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>From time to time, physicians face challenging diagnostic and therapeutic issues concerning the acute management of children with viral encephalitis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this article is to provide an updated narrative review on the similarities and differences between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza encephalitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PubMed search was performed with the function \"Clinical Queries\" using the key terms \"SARS-CoV-2\" OR \"Influenza\" AND \"Encephalitis\". The search strategy included metaanalyses, clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, reviews and observational studies. The search was restricted to the English literature and pediatric population. This article compares similarities and contrasts between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza-associated encephalitis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Encephalitis is an uncommon manifestation of both influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Both viruses are associated with fever and respiratory symptoms. However, SARS-CoV-2 patients may only have mild symptoms or be asymptomatic as silent carriers, rendering the disease spread difficult to control. Influenza patients usually have more severe symptomatology and are often bed bound for several days limiting its spread. Influenza is associated with seasonal and annual outbreaks, whereas SARS-CoV-2 has become endemic. Complications of encephalitis are rare in both viral infections but, when present, may carry serious morbidity and mortality. Many long-term sequelae of COVID- 19 infections (long COVID-19) have been described but not with influenza infections. Mortality associated with encephalitis appears higher with influenza than with SARS-CoV-2. Prophylaxis by immunization is available for both influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Specific efficacious antivirals are also available with oseltamivir for influenza and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir for SARS-CoV-2. Steroids are indicated with more severe SARS-CoV-2 but their role is not distinct in influenza disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Encephalitis is a rare complication of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Both carry significant morbidity and mortality. Efficacious vaccines for prophylaxis and antivirals for treatment are available for both viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"525-531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10396058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neurodevelopmental Outcome at 3 Years of Age in Very Low Birth Weight Infants According to Brain Development and Lesions. 根据大脑发育和损伤,极低出生体重婴儿3岁时的神经发育结果。
IF 1.6
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573396319666230208092416
Mariya Malova, Alessandro Parodi, Mariasavina Severino, Domenico Tortora, Maria Grazia Calevo, Cristina Traggiai, Paolo Massirio, Diego Minghetti, Sara Uccella, Deborah Preiti, Lino Nobili, Andrea Rossi, Luca Antonio Ramenghi
{"title":"Neurodevelopmental Outcome at 3 Years of Age in Very Low Birth Weight Infants According to Brain Development and Lesions.","authors":"Mariya Malova, Alessandro Parodi, Mariasavina Severino, Domenico Tortora, Maria Grazia Calevo, Cristina Traggiai, Paolo Massirio, Diego Minghetti, Sara Uccella, Deborah Preiti, Lino Nobili, Andrea Rossi, Luca Antonio Ramenghi","doi":"10.2174/1573396319666230208092416","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573396319666230208092416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the last decades, severe brain lesions affecting very low birth weight (<1500 gr, VLBW) infants were gradually substituted by milder lesions with debatable prognoses.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to define type, frequency and 3 years of neurodevelopmental outcome of prematurity-related brain lesions in a modern cohort of VLBW infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>VLBW infants admitted to our NICU in 5 years period with brain MRI at term-equivalent age were included. MRI scans were reviewed to identify and grade white matter lesions (WML), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), and cerebellar hemorrhage (CBH). Linear measurements of brain size, biparietal width (BPW) and trans-cerebellar diameter (TCD) were carried out. Total maturation score (TMS) was calculated. Developmental Coefficients (DQ) on Griffiths Scale at 3 years of age were compared between patients with different types and grades of lesions and patients without lesions; possible correlations between linear brain measurements, brain maturation and outcome were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study included 407 patients. Of them, 187 (46%) had at least one brain lesion on MRI, while 37 (9%) had severe lesions. The most frequent lesion was IVH (28%), followed by WML (21%) and CBH (17%). Mild and severe IVH, moderate and severe WML and all grades of CBH were related to worst outcome at 3 years. In patients without lesions, small BPW and small TCD were associated with worse outcomes. No correlations were observed between TMS and outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have observed that even mild brain lesions have a negative influence on neurological outcome at 3 years of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"94-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10666371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biological Therapies for Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis - A Review. 小儿特应性皮炎的生物疗法--综述。
IF 2
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573396320666230912103136
Giulia Milano, Stefano Forestieri, Micol Tedeschi, Amelia Licari, Valeria Brazzelli, Gian Luigi Marseglia
{"title":"Biological Therapies for Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis - A Review.","authors":"Giulia Milano, Stefano Forestieri, Micol Tedeschi, Amelia Licari, Valeria Brazzelli, Gian Luigi Marseglia","doi":"10.2174/1573396320666230912103136","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573396320666230912103136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most frequent chronic-recurrent inflammatory skin disease in the pediatric age. It has a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis: the two key actors are impaired skin barrier function and immune system dysregulation, which represent the main targets of AD therapy. Monoclonal antibodies have revolutionized the management of moderate-to-severe AD, by selective inhibition of key cytokines in the pathogenetic process. For this reason, there is great interest in exploring AD pathogenetic mechanisms to develop new therapeutic strategies. This review aims to summarize the most recent scientific evidence on available and future biological therapies for the treatment of pediatric AD, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms underlying their action.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"240-252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10215337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why do some Children Get Sick with Recurrent Respiratory Infections? 为什么有些儿童会反复呼吸道感染?
IF 2
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573396320666230912103056
Fabio Cardinale, Francesco La Torre, Lucia Grazia Tricarico, Giuseppe Verriello, Carla Mastrorilli
{"title":"Why do some Children Get Sick with Recurrent Respiratory Infections?","authors":"Fabio Cardinale, Francesco La Torre, Lucia Grazia Tricarico, Giuseppe Verriello, Carla Mastrorilli","doi":"10.2174/1573396320666230912103056","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573396320666230912103056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory tract infections (RTI) represent a frequent condition, particularly among preschool children, with an important burden on the affected children and their families. It has been estimated that recurrent RTIs affect up to 25% of children during the first 4 years of life. These infections are mainly caused by viruses and are generally self-limiting. Social and environmental factors have been studied in determining the incidence of recurrent RTIs and the mostly recognized are precocious day care attendance, tobacco exposure and pollution. Primary immune defects, local anatomical factors, and genetic disorders such as primary ciliary dyskinesia or cystic fibrosis, may be also involved in recurrent RTIs of a subgroup of children, typically characterized by more severe and chronic symptoms. However, there is increasing awareness that RTIs have a complex pathophysiology and that some underrecognized factors, including genetic susceptibility to infections, low levels of some micronutrients, and respiratory microbiota might shape the probability for the child to develop RTIs. The sum (i.e. the number) of these factors may help in explaining why some children get sick for RTIs whilst other not. In some children iatrogenic factors, including improper use of antibiotics and NSAIDS or glucocorticoids might also aggravate this condition, further weakening the host's immune response and the possibly of establishing a \"vicious circle\". The present review aims to focus on several possible factors involved in influencing RTIs and to propose a unifying hypothesis on pathophysiological mechanisms of unexplained recurrent RTIs in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"203-215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10215339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dietary Factors Associated with Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes. 与 1 型糖尿病儿童和青少年血糖控制有关的饮食因素。
IF 1.3
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573396320666230822095948
Sara Zakarneh, Yasmin Khial, Reema Tayyem
{"title":"Dietary Factors Associated with Glycemic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.","authors":"Sara Zakarneh, Yasmin Khial, Reema Tayyem","doi":"10.2174/1573396320666230822095948","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573396320666230822095948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that results from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, leading to insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. It is a common chronic disease in childhood, with a prevalence of 1 in 300 children in the United States and an increasing incidence of 2-5% annually, worldwide. Managing T1DM requires regular insulin administration, adjustment of food intake and exercise, and a comprehensive understanding of nutrition. This review aims to explore the relationship between dietary factors, physical activity, obesity, genetics, and glycemic control in children and adolescents with T1DM. To conduct this review, we conducted a thorough search of publications from December 2004 through April 2022 using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Embase databases. Key topics included obesity, children, adolescents, nutrients, carbohydrates, proteins, fat, water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins, dietary patterns, fruits and vegetables, physical activity, genetics, food habits, carbohydrate count and environmental factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"29-39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10426420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diagnosis and Management of Riga-fede Disease in a Healthy 7-month-old Child: A Case Report. 一名 7 个月大健康儿童的里加-费德病诊断与治疗:病例报告
IF 1.3
Current Pediatric Reviews Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1573396320666230830125111
Priyanshi Ritwik
{"title":"Diagnosis and Management of Riga-fede Disease in a Healthy 7-month-old Child: A Case Report.","authors":"Priyanshi Ritwik","doi":"10.2174/1573396320666230830125111","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573396320666230830125111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Riga-Fede disease (RFD) presents as oral mucosal ulceration in anatomical juxtaposition to sharp dental surfaces.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 7-month-old healthy male presented to the pediatric dentist for an emergency appointment. His mother was concerned about episodic, recurrent, and excessive bleeding from his mouth for three weeks. She reported that her son would often wake up in \"a pool of blood\". The pediatrician assessed the patient when oral bleeding first started and prescribed magic mouthwash. This did not resolve the problem. The mother then took the child to an urgent care clinic, where she was referred to a pediatric dentist. The pediatric dentist noted a sublingual traumatic, granulomatous ulcer on the ventral surface of the tongue, extending up to the tip of the tongue. The mandibular primary central incisors had recently erupted. The pediatric dentist established a clinical diagnosis of RFD. Incisal edges were smoothened with dental polishing tips on a slow-speed handpiece and topical fluoride varnish was applied to the teeth. The size of the ulceration decreased over two weeks. However, in three weeks, there was another bleeding episode. The pediatric dentist smoothened the incisal edges again, followed by a fluoride varnish application. Eight weeks after the initial dental intervention, the lesion resolved completely without further bleeding.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The details of this case report highlight the maternal concerns, interprofessional educational touchpoints, scope for interprofessional collaborative care, and noninvasive management of Riga-Fede disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In neurotypical patients, conservative dental management by smoothening sharp dental surfaces can resolve RFD. RFD should be differentiated from viral illnesses which present with oral ulcerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11175,"journal":{"name":"Current Pediatric Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"80-84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10132062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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