Discover. Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Piezo1 regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling to drive EMT in cervical cancer through the RhoA/ROCK1/PIP2 signaling pathway.","authors":"Juexiao Deng, Yang Li, Lanyue Zhang, Wenxin Liao, Tingting Liu, Fujin Shen","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02474-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02474-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Piezo1 has been identified as an oncogenic factor in various types of cancer. The objective of this study was to explore the mechanisms of Piezo1 in cervical cancer invasion and migration, with a focus on its influence on actin cytoskeleton remodeling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Immunohistochemistry, western blot, and dot blot assays were employed to evaluate the expression levels of Piezo1, PIP2, and F-actin in cervical cancer. Lentiviral transduction or Yoda1 treatment was used to silence or activate Piezo1. Phalloidin staining was applied to examine the actin cytoskeleton in HeLa and SiHa cells. Transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the invasive and migratory capabilities of the cells. Dot blot and ELISA assays were performed to measure the PIP2 content on the cell membrane. Western blot or qRT-PCR was used to assess the expression levels of EMT markers, RhoA, and ROCK1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Piezo1, PIP2, and F-actin were upregulated in cervical cancer tissues, with the highest levels observed in tissues from patients with lymph node metastasis. Silencing Piezo1 downregulated the expression of F-actin and disrupted the organization of actin filaments. This cytoskeletal disruption served as an upstream event that inhibited EMT, as well as the invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells. Mechanistically, Piezo1 activated the RhoA/ROCK1 pathway, which in turn increased PIP2 levels in cervical cancer cells, leading to actin cytoskeleton remodeling in these cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Piezo1 drives actin cytoskeleton remodeling through the RhoA/ROCK1/PIP2 signaling pathway, thereby promoting EMT, invasion, and migration in cervical cancer. Targeting Piezo1 may offer a novel therapeutic strategy, potentially improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"787"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal relationships between four types of lipids and breast cancer risk with potential mediators: evidence from Mendelian randomization study and bioinformatics analysis.","authors":"Xu-Chu Li, Bangqi Wang, Yu Tang","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02597-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02597-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Breast cancer (BC) is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide, with increasing evidence pointing to the effect of metabolic factors, particularly lipid levels, in its pathogenesis. In this research, Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to explore the causality between four plasma lipid traits-total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-and the risk of BC. Additionally, we explored the potential mediating effects of coronary artery disease (CAD), total testosterone (TT) on these associations and possible mechanisms through bioinformatics analyses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data of genome-wide association study (GWAS) on lipids, CAD, TT and BC were obtained from public sources and websites as part of a genome-wide association research. The inference of causality was primarily assessed through the inverse variance weighting (IVW) approach, with supplementary tests for horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity. To verify the directionality of causal relationships, the MR Steiger test was applied. Additionally, reverse causality was evaluated by regarding BC as the exposure. To adjust for confounders, multivariate MR (MVMR) was performed, followed by a two-step mediation analysis to investigate the mediating roles of CAD in the lipid-BC association, and of TT in the CAD-BC relationship. The intersecting SNP (rs11556924) between causal pathways was established through a Venn diagram and its associated gene (Zinc Finger C3HC-Type Containing 1, ZC3HC1) was identified through the g:Profiler database. The expression of ZC3HC1 was further explored using the TIMER, GEPIA2 and HPA database. Finally, enrichment analyses of Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and protein-protein interactions (PPI) network analysis were conducted on ZC3HC1 and its related genes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The random-effects IVW analysis yielded the following results: HDL-C on CAD (OR = 0.843, 95% CI 0.771-0.921, P &lt; 0.001), CAD on BC (OR = 0.935, 95% CI 0.892-0.980, P = 0.005), HDL-C on BC (OR = 1.127, 95% CI 1.059-1.199, P &lt; 0.001), CAD on TT (OR = 0.987, 95% CI 0.975-0.998, P = 0.020) and TT on BC (OR = 1.354, 95% CI 1.148-1.598, P &lt; 0.001). The MR Steiger test results support the validity of the inferred causal direction (P &lt; 0.001). There were no discernible causal relationships between BC and HDL-C/CAD according to reverse MR analysis (P &gt; 0.05). Following MVMR adjustment, the causal effects of HDL-C, CAD, and TT on BC were still statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). Besides, the two-step mediation analysis indicated that CAD mediated 7.8% of the causal effect of HDL-C on BC, whereas TT mediated 6.1% of the causal effect between CAD and BC. The expression of ZC3HC1 showed no significant expression difference between normal and BC tissues (P &gt; 0.05), which might indicate ","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"791"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lysionotin promoted apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inducing autophagy.","authors":"Xiaoxue Wang, Weiwei Zhong, Qin Wang, Peng Song, Xia Lin, Bohan Li, Yancun Yin, Chunyan Yang, Minjing Li","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02503-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02503-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma is a prevalent malignant tumor with a high mortality rate. Natural plants hold promise for its treatment, however, the mechanism of lysionotin induced apoptosis in liver cancer cells unclearly. This study aims to investigate the microenvironment alterations and the efficacy of lysionotin in liver cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Transmission electron microscopy, and laser confocal microscopy were employed to investigate the effect of lysionotin on autophagy in HCC cells. The molecular mechanism through which lysionotin induces autophagy and autophagy-induced apoptosis was ascertained by transcriptome sequencing, immunoblotting and Hoechst 33258 staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RNA sequencing analysis, electron microscopy and laser confocal microscopy revealed that lysionotin initiate autophagy in liver cancer cells. Immunoblotting indicated that lysionotin markedly enhances the activation of LC3-II in HCC cells, resulting in the activation of key effector molecules ATG12, Beclin-1 and the degradation of P62. Combined with autophagy inhibitors CQ and 3-MA significantly inhibited lysionotin-induced cell apoptosis. Immunoblotting and Hoechst staining disclosed that the activation of autophagy by lysionotin might be associated with the suppression of the mTOR-AKT signaling pathway. The treatment of mTOR inhibitor RAPA and activator 1485 demonstrated that inhibiting mTOR activation significantly augments the pro-apoptotic effect of lysionotin on liver cancer cells, while mTOR activator could rescue the effect of lysionotin on cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that the activation of autophagy by lysionotin may represent one of the pivotal mechanisms underlying its therapeutic efficacy against HCC and its synergistic enhancement of RAPA's antitumor effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"788"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-induced second tumors: a disproportionality analysis of the FAERS database.","authors":"Shupeng Chen, Yuzhe Zhang, Xiaojian Li, Nana Tang, Yingjian Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02502-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02502-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Drug-induced second tumors (DIST) refer to new primary cancers that develop during or after the treatment of an initial cancer due to the long-term effects of medications. As a severe long-term adverse event, DIST has gained widespread attention globally in recent years. With the increasing prevalence of cancer treatments and the prolonged survival of patients, drug-induced second tumors have become more prominent and pose a significant public health challenge. However, most existing studies have focused on individual drugs or small patient cohorts, lacking large-scale, real-world data evaluations. Particularly, the potential second-tumor risk of new drugs remains underexplored.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to systematically assess the adverse event signals between drugs and second tumors using the U.S. FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, employing disproportionality analysis (DPA) methods. It particularly focuses on uncovering drugs that have not clearly labeled second-tumor risks.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), covering reports from its inception to the third quarter of 2024, was retrieved. After data standardization, four disproportionality methods were used: Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (MGPS). These methods assessed the correlation between azacitidine and adverse drug events (ADEs). Additionally, the Weibull Shape Parameter (WSP) was used to analyze the characteristic patterns of time-to-onset curves. Newly discovered signals were verified against FDA drug labels to confirm their novelty. The Weibull analysis was conducted to examine the temporal aspects of adverse event occurrences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Since 2004, drug-induced tumor events have been increasing annually, with a total of 7597 drug-related tumor adverse events recorded. A total of 250 drugs were identified as having potential risk signals. High-incidence populations were primarily aged between 65 and 85 years, with a higher proportion of individuals with a body weight ≥ 90 kg. The most frequent occurrence was observed in patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (13.36%). Among the top 5 drugs with the highest number of reported drug-induced second tumor adverse events, IMATINIB (906 reports), RUXOLITINIB (554 reports), PALBOCICLIB (552 reports), OCTREOTIDE (399 reports), and DOXORUBICIN (380 reports) were identified. Among these, PALBOCICLIB, OCTREOTIDE, and DOXORUBICIN are drugs for which the risk of drug-induced second tumors is not explicitly mentioned in their labels. A total of 76 drugs were identified through four disproportionality algorithms (ROR, PRR, MGPS, BCPNN), with a minimum time to drug-induced tumor occurrence of 5 years, exhibiting an early failure-type curve.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Th","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing cancer therapy: the role of silver(I) phosphine complexes in overcoming resistance and toxicity.","authors":"Reinout Meijboom, Austine Ofondu Chinomso Iroegbu, Suprakas Sinha Ray","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02657-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02657-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silver(I) phosphine complexes have attracted significant attention recently due to their structural versatility and promising anticancer properties. These complexes exhibit diverse coordination geometries-ranging from tetrahedral and trigonal planar to linear-depending on the ligand environment and metal-to-ligand ratio, directly influencing their biological activity. Notably, they demonstrate substantial cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines, including oesophageal (SNO), breast (MCF-7), and lung (A549) cancers, with IC₅₀ values in the low micromolar range. A key advantage of these complexes is their selective toxicity toward malignant cells while sparing healthy ones, positioning them as potential alternatives to traditional chemotherapeutics like cisplatin, often associated with severe side effects and drug resistance. The anticancer mechanism of silver(I) phosphine complexes primarily involves apoptosis induction through mitochondrial disruption, phosphatidylserine externalisation, and caspase activation. Additionally, these complexes can overcome common resistance mechanisms encountered in conventional cancer treatments by targeting alternative cellular pathways. This review critically evaluates the structural chemistry, synthesis, and characterisation of silver(I) phosphine complexes and recent advancements in their biological applications. Furthermore, we discuss their potential to address critical limitations in cancer therapies, particularly in overcoming drug resistance and toxicity, while exploring opportunities for ligand optimisation and progress toward clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research hotspots and emerging trends in targeted therapy for colorectal cancer: a bibliometric analysis (2000-2023).","authors":"Xiangnv Meng, Zhongting Lu, Fu Mi, Sha Sha, Tao Li","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02632-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-025-02632-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Targeted therapy has significantly transformed the treatment landscape of colorectal cancer (CRC), enabling personalized treatment approaches and improving patient prognosis. This study employs bibliometric analysis to explore the research hotspots and development trends in the field of CRC-targeted therapy from 2000 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the Web of Science Core Collection, this study collected literature related to CRC-targeted therapy published between 2000 and 2023. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for data analysis, with a focus on publication trends, key contributors, and keyword co-occurrence patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2252 relevant articles were included, demonstrating a steady growth trend in research output. China ranked first in terms of the number of publications, while the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center was identified as the institution with the highest research output. Josep Tabernero was the most prolific author in this field. Among journals, Cancers had the highest impact, while Clinical Cancer Research held a significant advantage in citation frequency. Keyword co-occurrence and clustering analysis indicated that research primarily focused on treatment strategies and precision medicine, with emerging technologies such as cell therapy and liquid biopsy garnering increasing attention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals the research trends, core hotspots, and emerging directions in the field of CRC-targeted therapy, providing valuable insights for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"789"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The integrated single-cell analysis interpret the lactate metabolism-driven immune suppression in triple-negative breast cancer.","authors":"Xinhai Gao, Tianhua Wang, Cun Liu, Ye Li, Wenfeng Zhang, Minpu Zhang, Yan Yao, Chundi Gao, Ruijuan Liu, Changgang Sun","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02605-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02605-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibit elevated lactate levels, which offers a valuable lead for investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying the tumor microenvironment (TME) and identifying more efficacious treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TNBC samples were classified based on lactate-associated genes. A single-cell transcriptomic approach was employed to examine functional differences across cells with varying lactate metabolism. Immunohistochemistry was used to explore the relationship between lactate metabolism and the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis. In addition, utilizing machine learning techniques, we constructed a prognostic model based on lactic acid phenotype genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lactate-associated gene-based stratification revealed increased immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint expression in Lactate Cluster 1. Elevated lactate metabolism scores were observed in both cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and malignant cells. CAFs with high lactate metabolism exhibited immune suppression through the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed elevated LDHA, LDHB, CXCL12, and CXCR4 levels in the high lactate group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study elucidates the complex interplay between lactate and immune cells in TNBC and highlights the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis as a key pathway through which lactate mediates immune suppression, offering new insights into metabolic regulation within the TME. Furthermore, we developed a prognostic model based on lactate metabolism phenotype genes to predict the prognosis of TNBC patients and guide immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"784"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the interaction between the expression of LRP2 served as a mitochondrial metabolism-related gene and prognosis in colon cancer integrating multi-omics analysis.","authors":"Jie Zhang, Ziyun Liu, Xiaoqing Ma, Zhenyu Shi, Jing Zhao, Yongjie Xie, Xiaobin Shang, Xia Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02568-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02568-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is increasingly prevalent among patients under 50 years old, and the 5-year survival rate for patients with metastasis is less than 20%. Identifying significant biomarkers and therapeutic targets is crucial. We investigated the expression of LRP2 in COAD and its prognostic value utilizing single-cell sequencing and transcriptomics datasets, which was conducted preliminary validation at the patient samples and cellular levels as well.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on differential gene expression of tumor samples and normal tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we performed consensus clustering, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis applying 1,234 mitochondrial metabolism-related genes (MMRGs) to identify some essential genes associated with poor prognosis in COAD patients. We validated survival outcome and biological function of the target gene leveraging single-cell sequencing and transcriptomics datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and evaluated the value of the target gene in the clinical pathology stage of COAD patients. Simultaneously, the expression levels of critical gene were detected in the diverse tissues of COAD by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Transcriptomics data was continuously implemented to compare the discrepancy between the expression levels of the target gene and somatic mutation burden, inspecting the key pathways of the target gene by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and examining its drug sensitivity synthetically in the CellMiner databases. The proliferative capacity augmented in LRP2-overexpressed colon cancer cells was determined employing cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assays.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;LRP2 served as a key mitochondrial metabolism-related gene was assessed clinical prognosis in COAD patients according to the TCGA database. High expression of LRP2 was prominently associated with poor prognosis in COAD patients (P &lt; 0.05), which was validated by GEO databases, and the expression levels of LRP2 were positively related to clinical pathological stage simultaneously (P &lt; 0.05). Some specific cell types were clustered and proliferation pathways were immensely enriched, which were correlated with LRP2 in two single-cell sequencing datasets. The mutation profiles displayed remarkable differences in two levels of LRP2, we also observed high expressions of LRP2 were immensely correlated with high tumor mutation burden (TMB) and unfavorable prognosis in these patients (P &lt; 0.05). LRP2 was significantly enriched in multiple cancer proliferation-related pathways, and the noteworthy correlation between LRP2 and the sensitivity to various drugs was identified (P &lt; 0.05). The expression levels of LRP2 were multifarious in different COAD patients based on IHC staining. LRP2-overpression could stimulate the proliferation capability of HCT116 and SW480 cell lines markedly (P &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;C","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"782"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress of antibody-drug conjugates in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: opportunities and challenges.","authors":"Fanhao Zeng, Qingjie Han, Tao Ding, Chao Tian, Maolin Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02457-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02457-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the clinical progress, administration methods, efficacy, safety, and treatment-related adverse events associated with antibody-drug conjugates.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma is an aggressive and lethal malignancy. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been the first-line therapy for most patients over the past two decades. However, approximately 50% of patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma are ineligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy due to inadequate renal function, poor performance status, or complications. Furthermore, patients who exhibit suboptimal responses or disease progression following platinum-based chemotherapy face therapeutic uncertainty regarding the selection of alternative agents. The emergence of antibody-drug conjugates has provided new options for patients afflicted with this disease, particularly enfortumab vedotin combined with pembrolizumab as a new first-line therapy for advanced urothelial carcinoma or for patients ineligible for platinum-based therapy. Additionally, in the TROPICS-04 trial, sacituzumab govitecan failed to demonstrate significant improvement in overall survival or progression-free survival compared with the physician's choice of treatment for patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma progressing after platinum-based chemotherapy and PD-(L)1 inhibitor therapy; the FDA withdrew its approval for this indication. ADCs are also being considered for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, with ongoing clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) plus Lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors versus systemic chemotherapy for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.","authors":"Qingyu Xu, Chendong Wang, Ran You, Bin Leng, Zeyu Yu, Ya Lu, Lingfeng Diao, Hao Jiang, Bei Wu, Guowen Yin","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02397-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02397-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is characterized with dismal prognosis. Here, this study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors versus systemic chemotherapy (SC) for unresectable iCCA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with histologically confirmed unresectable iCCA from January 2020 to December 2022 at our center were retrospectively enrolled. Propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to balance clinicopathological information between two groups. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), whereas the secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease-control rate (DCR) and safety profiles. Factors affecting the survival were identified through univariate and multivariate analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-six cases were included in this study. After PSM, there were 30 patients in each group. Compared to SC group, HAIC + Len + PD-1 inhibitor exhibited significantly improved OS (16.91 [95%CI: 11.6-28.4] months vs. 11.06 months [95%CI: 7.8-14.6 months], p = 0.011), PFS (11.17 months [95%CI: 7.0, 26.7] vs. 5.55 months [95%CI: 3.8, NA], p = 0.004), better ORR (56.7% vs. 23.3%, p = 0.008) and DCR (93.3% vs. 70.0%, p = 0.019). Multivariate analysis indicated that treatment arm of SC was a risk factor of worse OS and PFS, while uni-lobe tumor distribution, AST ≤ 40, CA19-9 level ≤ 39 were protective factors of worse OS. All adverse events were comparable and controllable between two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, HAIC combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 blockade yields better tumor control and survival outcomes over SC for unresectable iCCA, with manageable adverse events as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"775"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}