Discover. Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of clinical characteristics between children and adults with adrenal mass.","authors":"Jian Song, Kaiping Zhang, Shanchuan Han, Min Chao, Yin Zhang, Xianguo Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12672-026-05617-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-026-05617-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adrenal mass (AM) is a common disease with severe health problems. Its pathogenesis is different in adults and children; therefore, this study compared the differences in the clinical characteristics of AM between adults and children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study collected the clinical data of participants from a pediatric and an adult institution between January 2015 and January 2025. The data primarily included gender, age, initial presentation, mass size, site of the mass, functional mass, surgery, and pathological diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1049 AM patients were analyzed in this study, including 811 (77.3%) adults and 238 (22.7%) children. Of 238 children, 141 (59.2%) were boys, and the median age of this cohort was 2.6 years. The most common AM was hematoma (52.1%), followed by neuroblastoma (28.2%) and ganglioneuroblastoma (9.7%). In 811 adults, including 402 (49.6%) male cases, the median age at initial diagnosis was 52 years. The common AM cases included adrenocortical adenoma (68.4%), pheochromocytoma (10.4%), and myeloid lipoma (7.6%). Compared to adults, children often showed a large-sized (> 4 cm) AM, which was less functional, benign masses. Furthermore, there were statistical differences between the two paired groups (p < 0.05). Similarly, 113 (47.5%) children and 713 (87.9%) adults underwent surgery. Most children (89, 78.8%) received open surgeries, while most adults (690, 96.7%) chose minimally invasive surgeries. It was found that most AMs were incidentally detected in both children and adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that in children, hematoma was the most common AM followed by neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastoma, whereas the most commonly detected AMs included adrenocortical adenoma, pheochromocytoma, and myeloid lipoma in adults. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in some clinical characteristics of children and adults with AM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13518668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Jet lag-induced circadian disruption elevates glioma risk by altering molecular profiles in distinct brain regions.","authors":"Yong Zhang, Wanling Zheng, Rufei Dai, Tianyi Ma, Zonghan Li, Jicheng Li, Jiawei Shen","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-03333-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-03333-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13499770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNF research trends and an RNF43-based prognostic model for colorectal cancer with immune microenvironment analysis.","authors":"Jiayu Song, Huanhuan Zhang, Zelin Zheng, Ranran Shi, Qingwei Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12672-026-05765-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-026-05765-9","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The RING finger (RNF) protein family, the largest family of E3 ubiquitin ligases, plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and progression; however, a comprehensive macroscopic analysis of this field is still lacking. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent malignancy worldwide, and its substantial heterogeneity urgently calls for more precise prognostic biomarkers. This study integrated bibliometric and bioinformatics approaches to systematically delineate the RNF research landscape, construct a CRC prognostic risk model based on the RNF43 interaction network, and explore its association with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Bibliometric analysis revealed that publications in the RNF field have increased rapidly (compound annual growth rate of 28.5%), with research hotspots shifting toward CRC and other diseases, and RNF43 emerging as a core frontier. Analysis of TCGA and GTEx data showed that RNF43 was significantly overexpressed in CRC. Through the STRING database, RNF43-interacting proteins were screened and intersected with CRC-related targets, identifying RNF43-mediated core CRC targets (RNF43, FZD1, FZD5, FZD8, LGR4, LGR5, RSPO1, RSPO2, RSPO3, RSPO4, and AKAP8L). Based on the TCGA-COAD+READ cohort (n = 541), these core targets were incorporated into LASSO regression analysis, resulting in a risk score model comprising LGR4, RSPO4, AKAP8L, and RNF43. In the training set (TCGA-COAD+READ), the high-risk group exhibited significantly shorter overall survival (OS), with AUCs of 0.61, 0.60, and 0.61 for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS, respectively. The model was externally validated in the GSE39582 cohort (n = 579), although the AUC values remained modest. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the risk score, age, and tumor stage were independent prognostic factors for OS in CRC patients; a nomogram integrating these three factors showed acceptable calibration. TME analysis revealed that the high-risk group displayed a \"pro-inflammatory phenotype under immunosuppression\": increased infiltration of stromal components, increased CD8⁺ T cells but decreased CD4⁺ memory T cells, unexpectedly elevated M1 macrophages, and no significant difference in overall immune score. This complex imbalance pattern-characterized by increased effector cells, loss of memory cells, and pro-inflammatory polarization accompanied by potential functional suppression-suggests a possible mechanism of immune evasion. In conclusion, this study is the first to adopt a strategy combining \"macro-level bibliometric insights\" with \"micro-level bioinformatics mining,\" systematically delineating the research trajectory of the RNF family and successfully constructing and validating a CRC prognostic risk model based on the RNF43 interaction network. This model may serve as an auxiliary stratification tool with potential prognostic value and may also reveal associations between the risk score and TME stromal activation and immune dysfunction, providing new insights f","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological fact versus technical artifact in ER negative PR positive breast cancer.","authors":"Ahmed M Fareed, Farida A Shokeir, Essam Attia, Omar Hamdy, Saleh S Elbalka, Raghda Tarek, Ahmed Abdallah, Khaled Abdelwahab","doi":"10.1007/s12672-026-05650-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-026-05650-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Estrogen receptor (ER) negative/progesterone receptor (PR) positive is an infrequently reported biological subtype of breast cancer (BC). Various authors have treated its existence doubtfully. To our knowledge, this study is the first within Egypt and the Middle East to investigate this rare subgroup of BC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included all ER-/PR + BC patients treated in our center from 2016 to 2022. The collected data were coded, processed, and analyzed using IBM SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 149 patients with ER-/PR + breast cancer. The mean age was 50.3 years (21-83). The mean follow-up interval was 68 months. pT1 represented 20.8% of the cases, pT2 tumors were 50%, pT3 tumors were 16.7%, while pT4 tumors were 5.6%. As regards nodal staging, pN0 were 36.3%, pN1 24.7%, pN2 19.2%, and pN3 19.8%. The main histology of the tumors was infiltrating duct carcinoma (81.2%), followed by lobular carcinoma (8.7%). Weak PR positivity (Allred score < 6) was documented in 92 patients (61.7%). While the remaining patients showed strong PR positivity (scores of 6 or higher), 68% were HER2 receptor-negative. In the follow-up period, 39% of the patients suffered from disease relapse. The mean disease-free survival was 60.8 months, and the mean overall survival was 69.8 months. The nodal status was the only variable that significantly affected disease-free and overall survival in the univariate analysis, while no factor affected survival in the multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ER-/PR + breast cancer seems to be an underestimated subtype, which is more aggressive than double-positive hormonal receptor breast cancer but less aggressive than double-negative hormonal receptor breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148789529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of mismatch repair deficient tumors in young Jordanian patients.","authors":"Olfat Ahmad, Iyad Sultan, Maysa Hussaini, Osama Alsmadi, Christian Sutter, Steffen Hirsch, Robert J Autry, Christopher Previti, Asta Försti, Benjamin Schwalm, Lama AbuJamous, Nisreen Amayiri, Mayada Abu Shanap, Rola Amareen, Salsabeel Aljawabrah, Lara Fryjat, Aya Al-Naimat, Areen Qaisi, Hala Alnaimat, David E Reuss, Nicholas R Fernandez, Anirban Das, Uri Tabori, Stefan M Pfister, Christian P Schaaf","doi":"10.1007/s12672-026-05717-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-026-05717-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mismatch repair deficiency (MMRD) contributes substantially to early-onset colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and pediatric malignancies in Jordan. Approximately 19% of CRCs diagnosed in adults younger than 45 years exhibit MMRD by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In pediatric tumors, MMRD accounts for 39% of high-grade gliomas (HGGs) and 44% of CRCs, likely reflecting the increased prevalence of constitutional MMRD (CMMRD) in this highly consanguineous population. However, the molecular characterization of MMRD-associated tumors in the Middle East remains limited. We analyzed 14 Jordanian patients (< 45 years) from 12 families with clinical or IHC evidence of MMRD, including four HGGs and 11 CRCs; five patients were children. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic MMR variants were identified in nine families, including one sibling pair, comprising five frameshift indels, three single nucleotide variants, and one large deletion. A variant of uncertain significance in MSH6 was identified in another sibling pair. Apparent large deletions suggestive of sequencing artifacts in six patients highlighted the need for confirmatory copy number analysis by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Tumor mutational burden ranged from 2 to 352 variants/Mb (median, 23). Microsatellite instability was low in seven tumors, likely reflecting degraded DNA from older formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples. Mutational signatures were concordant with the molecular findings in most cases. Notably, the only ultrahypermutated tumor harbored a canonical somatic POLE p.(Val411Leu) proofreading-domain mutation together with polymerase-associated mutational signatures, consistent with combined MMRD and polymerase proofreading deficiency. This study represents the first comprehensive molecular characterization of MMRD-associated tumors in Jordan.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13481598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary cilia connect epithelial mesenchymal plasticity with anoikis resistance and cancer stemness.","authors":"Qiyuan Chen, Jiali Yang, Jiayi Yu, Shi Jiang, Jiabo Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12672-026-05763-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-026-05763-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metastatic dissemination requires carcinoma cells to coordinate reversible changes in epithelial identity with survival following extracellular matrix detachment and retention of tumor-initiating capacity. However, the mechanisms integrating epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), anoikis resistance, and cancer stemness remain incompletely defined. Primary cilia are spatially restricted signaling compartments whose assembly and function vary with cell state, tumor lineage, and pathway context. This review evaluates how primary cilia may connect these metastatic adaptations by organizing responses to microenvironmental cues. Evidence from mammary epithelial and breast cancer models links selected EMP states to increased ciliogenesis and to Hedgehog-GLI or cilium-dependent GLIS2 signaling, which may support stem-like properties and treatment resistance. Ciliary signaling can also intersect with adhesion, cytoskeletal, and pro-survival pathways involved in survival after detachment. However, these downstream networks are not specific to primary cilia, and direct evidence that ciliary signaling causes anoikis resistance remains limited. Hypoxia, matrix stiffness, and receptor-mediated signals may further modify ciliary function and cellular plasticity, but their effects are tumor- and model-dependent. Overall, primary cilia should be viewed as context-dependent organizers rather than universal drivers of metastatic behavior. Future studies should define ciliary status alongside EMP state, anchorage-independent survival, and functional stemness to determine when cilia constrain tumor progression, support malignant signaling, or provide therapeutically actionable dependencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13542010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic implications and precision selection criteria of primary tumor resection in metastatic gallbladder adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Xun Guo, Wei Li, Zhou Xu, Qinglin Yang, Zhouyuan Du, Tao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12672-026-05407-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-026-05407-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gallbladder cancer is recognized as one of the most aggressive malignancies within the biliary system. Usually, the substantial part of patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, often with metastases to distant organs. In cases of metastatic gallbladder adenocarcinoma, the potential benefit of primary tumor resection (PTR) in improving patient prognosis remains an unresolved issue that warrants further investigation.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We collected data to identify patients diagnosed with gallbladder cancer and concurrent metastases to the liver, lungs, bones, brain, or distant lymph nodes between 2004 and 2021 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The impact of primary tumor resection (PTR) on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated for additional clarity. Subgroup analyses were also conducted to identify patient groups that might have a longer survival period from PTR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1968 patients diagnosed with metastatic gallbladder adenocarcinoma at the time of initial presentation between 2004 and 2021 were included in the analysis. Among these, liver metastasis was the most frequent site of metastasis (n = 1695, 86.12%). Of the total cohort, 600 patients (30.49%) underwent PTR, and these patients demonstrated a significant improvement in both OS (0.679 [0.612-0.752], P < 0.001) and CSS (0.690 [0.619-0.768], P < 0.001). Notably, PTR was associated with reduced overall mortality in patients with isolated liver or distant lymph node metastases (liver metastasis: 0.690 [0.612-0.778], P < 0.001; distant lymph node metastasis: 0.498 [0.324-0.763], P < 0.001), as well as reduced cancer-specific mortality (liver metastasis: 0.698 [0.616-0.791], P < 0.001; distant lymph node metastasis: 0.522 [0.332-0.820], P = 0.003). In addition, patients with one or two metastatic organs who underwent PTR experienced a similar reduction in both overall mortality (1 metastatic organ: 0.691 [0.619-0.771], P < 0.001; 2 metastatic organs: 0.623 [0.434-0.895], P = 0.005) and cancer-specific mortality (1 metastatic organ: 0.700 [0.624-0.785], P < 0.001; 2 metastatic organs: 0.643 [0.439-0.940], P = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results demonstrate that primary tumor resection (PTR) may prolong life expectancy of patients with certain subtypes of metastatic gallbladder adenocarcinoma. Consequently, these findings offer valuable insights and guidance for the management of metastatic gallbladder adenocarcinoma, particularly in selecting patients who may benefit from surgical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13534370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LAMP2 drives M2 macrophage polarization and promotes glioma progression through autophagy.","authors":"Defu Zhao, Chuansheng Zhao, Xiuli Shang, Anan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12672-026-05746-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-026-05746-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macrophages are abundant immune cells in the glioma microenvironment and are closely associated with cancer progression. Lysosome-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2) is a key regulator involved in the maturation of autophagolysosomes. This study employed scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq analyses to identify the potential role of LAMP2 in low-grade glioma (LGG) progression. In glioma cells, LAMP2 was upregulated, and lentiviral knockdown of LAMP2 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while increasing apoptosis. In vivo, LAMP2 knockdown suppressed tumor growth. Mechanistically, in glioma cells, LAMP2 silencing reduced autolysosome formation and impaired late-stage autophagic flux, supporting a role for LAMP2 in autophagolysosome maturation. In macrophages, LAMP2 expression was higher in M2-polarized cells, and LAMP2 overexpression enhanced M2 markers together with autophagic activity; autophagy inhibition by 3-MA attenuated these effects. Importantly, conditioned medium from LAMP2-overexpressing M2 macrophages promoted malignant phenotypes of glioma cells, supporting a macrophage-to-tumor pro-tumor effect. These findings highlight LAMP2 as a critical regulator of autophagy-mediated macrophage polarization and tumor progression, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in LGG.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13498535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intratumoral but not circulating estradiol predicts postoperative survival in men with hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Yaqi Wang, Nan Zhang, Hongye Zhao, Yewei Liu, Meng Hu, Xiaoming Wang, Panpan Ma, Shaohua Wang, Shuang Cao, Yanan Zhao, Chao Sun","doi":"10.1007/s12672-026-05732-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-026-05732-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Sex disparity in HCC indicates vital estrogen signaling roles. The clinical significance of intratumoral and circulating estradiol (E2) remains unclear in male HCC. This study explored their correlations with clinicopathological features, postoperative survival and tumor growth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Paired tumor and adjacent liver tissues and preoperative serum were collected from 120 male HCC patients; serum from 120 healthy men served as controls. E2 levels were measured by iodine-125 radioimmunoassay, and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression, with sensitivity analyses based on cohort median, 12-month time-dependent ROC-derived cutoffs, and continuous-variable Cox models. HepG2 cells were treated with E2 and evaluated by CCK-8, colony formation, RT-qPCR, and western blotting. Mouse xenograft models were established with HepG2 cells pretreated with or without E2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intratumoral E2 was significantly lower in HCC than in adjacent tissues, while serum E2 was higher in HCC patients than in healthy controls (both P < 0.001). ERα and ERβ expression was reduced in tumor tissues (both P < 0.01). Low intratumoral E2, but not serum E2, was associated with larger tumor size and poorer postoperative survival (HR = 1.722, 95% CI 1.145-2.592, P = 0.009). E2 inhibited HepG2 proliferation and reduced PCNA expression in vitro, whereas xenografts established from E2-pretreated HepG2 cells showed reduced growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower intratumoral E2 levels were associated with larger tumor size and poorer postoperative survival in men with HCC. These findings support further evaluation of intratumoral E2 as a potential prognostic biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13530106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report and literature review of synchronous follicular and papillary thyroid carcinoma with metastasis to femur.","authors":"Cai Zhenying, Liu Mengsong, Zhang Jianyong, Peng Yunsong","doi":"10.1007/s12672-026-05714-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-026-05714-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thyroid carcinoma is common, but the synchronous occurrence of bilateral tumors with discordant histology-specifically follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC)-is extremely rare. It is even more uncommon for such cases to present initially with distant bone metastasis from an occult FTC, which poses a significant diagnostic challenge. We report a case of a 67-year-old male who presented to the orthopedic department with left hip pain. Imaging revealed bone destruction, and a biopsy confirmed metastatic thyroid carcinoma. Although the patient had no neck symptoms, a subsequent thyroid workup identified bilateral nodules. The patient underwent hip replacement followed by total thyroidectomy. Postoperative pathology confirmed a synchronous left-sided invasive FTC and a right-sided multifocal PTC. The bone metastasis was attributed to the FTC component. The patient was referred for radioactive iodine (I-131) therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights that metastatic thyroid cancer should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lytic bone lesions, even in patients without palpable goiters. For rare synchronous bilateral carcinomas, the prognosis is often determined by the more aggressive subtype (FTC), necessitating a multidisciplinary approach involving surgery and systemic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13534367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148873139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}