Discover. Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Causal associations between liver function biomarkers and prostate cancer risk in European and East Asian populations: a univariate, multivariable, and bidirectional Mendelian Randomization study.","authors":"Xinyu Xu, Wenjing Zhu, Yu Peng","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02191-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02191-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous observational studies have indicated a potential association between liver function markers and prostate cancer (PCa), but the causal relationship of this association remains unclear. Additionally, genetic variations across populations may influence the direction and strength of this association. This study employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the genetic causal relationship between liver function markers and PCa in European and East Asian populations. The aim was to uncover potential gene-disease associations across ancestries and provide novel insights for the prevention and treatment of PCa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with liver function markers and PCa were selected from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as instrumental variables (IVs). Univariate, multivariable, and bidirectional MR analyses were conducted to evaluate the causal relationships between liver function markers and PCa. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used as the primary MR approach, complemented by sensitivity analyses to ensure the robustness and reliability of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In European populations, univariate MR analysis suggested that ALT (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75-0.95, P = 0.005) and AST (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.81-1.00, P = 0.045) were associated with a reduced risk of PCa. However, multivariable MR analysis, after adjusting for confounders, showed that these associations were no longer statistically significant. Reverse MR analysis provided no evidence supporting a causal effect of PCa on liver function markers in European populations. Sensitivity analyses revealed heterogeneity in the IVs but did not detect evidence of horizontal pleiotropy. In East Asian populations, total bilirubin (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.88-1.00, P = 0.049) and direct bilirubin (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.84-0.99, P = 0.022) were causally associated with a reduced risk of PCa. After adjusting for confounders in multivariable MR, the association between total bilirubin and PCa remained significant (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.55-0.99, P = 0.044). Reverse MR analysis suggested a causal effect of PCa on reduced ALT levels (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.98, P = 0.007). Sensitivity analyses did not reveal heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The relationship between liver function markers and PCa seems to be influenced by genetic background. In East Asian populations, total bilirubin was identified as an independent protective factor against PCa, while reverse MR suggested a causal effect of PCa on reduced ALT levels. In European populations, there was insufficient evidence for a causal relationship between liver function markers and the risk of PCa. These findings may inform strategies for the clinical prevention, monitoring, and treatment of PCa, and further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms dr","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of onychopapilloma presenting as longitudinal erythronychia.","authors":"Liwei Feng, Guohua Huang, Xiaolin Bu","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02175-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02175-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 50-year-old Asian male presented with a two-year history of a red linear streak on the nail plate of his right little finger. The streak extended from the nail root along the longitudinal axis of the nail plate. The patient also exhibited keratinized subungual hyperplasia under the distal nail margin, which progressed slowly and was associated with tenderness. Surgical excision was performed, and histopathological examination revealed papillomatous hyperplasia of the squamous epithelium with hyperkeratosis. Consequently, a diagnosis of onychopapilloma with longitudinal erythronychia presentation was established.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro study of effect of gold nanoparticles conjugated with triptorelin peptide on the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells (MCF-7).","authors":"Elham Tavakkoli, Seyyed Mohammad Hashemi, Alireza Montazerabadi, Sara Khademi, Farzaneh Ghorbani, Sheyda Mohammadzadeh, Hosein Azimian","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-01935-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-01935-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>One of the significant challenges in the field of radiation therapy for cancer cells is the damage to healthy tissues in the vicinity of the tumor. In light of the recent developments in nanotechnology, as well as the historical use of materials with high atomic number to enhance contrast in medical imaging, a potential solution was proposed: the use of targeted gold nanoparticles in conjunction with the triptorelin peptide to enhance the radiation sensitivity of MCF-7 cancer cells. Consequently, due to the presence of the triptorelin peptide receptor on the surface of MCF-7 cells, the nanoparticles are absorbed by the target cells in a targeted manner. By increasing the interaction between the nanoparticles and X-ray MeV 6, it was anticipated that there will be an increase in cell death and optimization of the treatment quality.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Following synthesis and combination with triptorelin peptide, gold nanoparticles coated with alginate were subjected to characterization tests. Subsequently, MTT and colony tests were conducted to ascertain the toxicity of the nanoparticles and the optimal dosage of the drug for use on MCF-7 cells. Subsequently, the cells were subjected to the colony assay to ascertain the level of radiation sensitivity. Following the culturing and treatment of the cells with a concentration of 20 μg/ml of nanoparticles, they were subjected to 2, 4, 6, and 8 Gy (Gray) of radiation. Following the incubation period, the resulting colonies were stained and counted. Finally, the flow cytometry test was employed by Annexin V PI kit to determine the extent of cell death caused by apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The toxicity test finally indicated that a concentration of 20 μg/ml should be employed in the continuation of the study. The results of the colony assay, which was conducted to determine radiation sensitivity, revealed a dose enhancement factor (DEF) of 1.68, 2.32, 1.76 and 1.86, respectively, for radiation doses of 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy. These findings were observed in the group that received the targeted nanoparticle in conjunction with radiation therapy, when compared to the group that received only radiation therapy. Additionally, the flow cytometry test yielded a synergistic effect of 5.63. The administration of gold nanoparticles in both forms was observed to result in a reduction in cell survival. However, the radio-sensitizing effect of targeted gold nanoparticles with triptorelin peptide was greater, which can be attributed to enhanced cellular uptake by breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Au-Triptorelin nanoparticles with their specific targeting increased radiosensitivity and increased apoptosis compared to the group that only received radiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the tests showed that Triptorelin-AuNPs nanoparticles have the ability to cause targeted sensitivity in MCF-7 cells with triptorelin peptide receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring cell death pathways in oral cancer: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and future perspectives.","authors":"Chenyi Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02022-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02022-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents a significant global health challenge, characterized by aggressive progression and poor therapeutic response despite advances in treatment modalities. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of diverse cell death mechanisms in OSCC, encompassing traditional pathways (apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis), newly characterized mechanisms (ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis), and emerging pathways (cuproptosis, anoikis, parthanatos, and entosis). By examining the molecular basis of these pathways, particularly the crucial roles of p53 signaling and miRNA regulation, we highlight how their dysregulation contributes to treatment resistance and tumor progression. The review synthesizes recent evidence demonstrating the complex interplay between these ten distinct cell death mechanisms and their impact on the tumor microenvironment and immune response. We evaluate innovative therapeutic approaches that target these pathways, including novel small molecules, combination strategies, and immunomodulatory treatments that exploit specific cell death mechanisms to enhance therapeutic efficacy. Special attention is given to emerging personalized medicine strategies that consider individual tumor characteristics and cell death pathway profiles. By integrating current challenges with future research directions, this review provides a framework for developing more effective treatments that can leverage multiple cell death pathways to overcome therapy resistance and improve outcomes for oral cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repurposing of nervous system drugs for cancer treatment: recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives.","authors":"Zixun Wang, Chen Xu, Qi Wang, Yudong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02067-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02067-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nervous system plays a critical role in developmental biology and oncology, influencing processes from ontogeny to the complex dynamics of cancer progression. Interactions between the nervous system and cancer significantly affect oncogenesis, tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, treatment resistance, inflammation that promotes tumors, and the immune response. A comprehensive understanding of the signal transduction pathways involved in cancer biology is essential for devising effective anti-cancer strategies and overcoming resistance to existing therapies. Recent advances in cancer neuroscience promise to establish a new cornerstone of cancer therapy. Repurposing drugs originally developed for modulating nerve signal transduction represent a promising approach to target oncogenic signaling pathways in cancer treatment. This review endeavors to investigate the potential of repurposing neurological drugs, which target neurotransmitters and neural pathways, for oncological applications. In this context, it aims to bridge the interdisciplinary gap between neurology, psychiatry, internal medicine, and oncology. By leveraging already approved drugs, researchers can utilize existing extensive safety and efficacy data, thereby reducing both the time and financial resources necessary for the development of new cancer therapies. This strategy not only promises to enhance patient outcomes but also to expand the array of available treatments, thereby enriching the therapeutic landscape in oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy with atezolizumab: a new paradigm in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).","authors":"Samaneh Moradi, Pedram Sarikhani, Rafid Jihad Albadr, Waam Mohammed Taher, Mariem Alwan, Mahmood Jasem Jawad, Hiba Mushtaq, Niyousha Vakilzadehian","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02076-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02076-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Now, platinum-based chemotherapy is used as the first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Interestingly, a combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as mepolizumab, with other targeted therapies and chemotherapy help to make a significant improvement. Atezolizumab, a fully humanized, engineered monoclonal antibody of IgG1 isotype against the protein programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), blocks PD-1 activation and results in T-cell activity against tumor cells. As the second-line treatment of advanced or metastatic NSCLC, atezolizumab plus chemotherapy was approved in 2017 concerning the clinical benefit of the phase III OAK trials. Atezolizumab, compared with docetaxel, remarkably increased overall survival (OS) and showed promising efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.Research on atezolizumab's application in neoadjuvant (pre-surgery) and adjuvant (post-surgery) contexts is ongoing. It is now undergoing trials to assess its efficacy in these settings, which may broaden its place in the NSCLC therapy spectrum and enhance long-term results. This paper briefly summarizes the clinical data of atezolizumab therapy alone or in combination with other therapeutics for NSCLC therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of secondary myeloid neoplasms following treatment in patients with grade I-II follicular lymphoma: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Yuebo Wang, Yanan Cai","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02149-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02149-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess the association between initial treatment modalities and the risk of developing subtypes of myeloid neoplasms (MNs) in survivors with grade I-II follicular lymphoma (FL) and to evaluate their impact on survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with grade I-II FL as their first malignancy were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Fine-Gray competing risk regression and Poisson regression were used to evaluate the treatment-associated risk (RR) for MNs and the Kaplan-Meier method was applied to assess the survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 19,326 FL patients, 9539 patients (49.36%) received chemotherapy, and 2890 patients (14.95%) received radiotherapy as part of their initial treatment. With a median follow-up time of 103 months, 90, 82, and 23 patients developed myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), respectively. In both multivariable competing risk regression analysis and Poisson regression analysis, chemotherapy was found to be associated with a higher risk of developing MDS (adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.85; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.13-3.02; adjusted RR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.18-3.04), total AML (adjusted HR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.33-3.71; adjusted RR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.37-3.78), and AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC) (adjusted HR, 3.42; 95% CI, 1.24-9.44; adjusted RR, 3.48; 95% CI, 1.52-9.07). Additionally, radiotherapy also increased the risk of AML-MRC (adjusted HR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.12-6.72; adjusted RR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.10-6.08). The development of AML or MDS was associated with worse overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) in grade I-II FL survivors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Initial chemotherapy and radiotherapy in patients with grade I-II FL were associated with increased risk of certain subtypes of MNs, such as MDS and AML. The importance of balancing risks and benefits should be emphasized in initial FL treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics in colorectal cancer prevention and therapy: mechanisms, benefits, and challenges.","authors":"Djilali Seghir Morsli, Hadja Fatima Tbahriti, Fouzia Rahli, Fatima Zohra Mahammi, Andrey Nagdalian, Hassan A Hemeg, Muhammad Imran, Abdur Rauf, Mohammad Ali Shariati","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-01996-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-01996-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of morbidity worldwide. In Algeria, it ranks second in mortality-related deaths. Poor lifestyle, characterized by a low-fiber diet, insufficient physical activity, tobacco use, and alcohol consumption, is strongly associated with an increased risk of developing this disease. Probiotics have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects in preclinical and clinical studies. The World Health Organization (WHO) and European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) have recognized their safety and effectiveness, classifying them as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) and Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS), respectively. Probiotics exhibit immunomodulatory effects and maintain the equilibrium of the gut microbiota. However, the evidence for their clinical efficacy is inadequate, and additional research is requisite to establish them as therapeutic agents rather than simply as dietary supplements. Although probiotics are, in most cases, safe, high-risk patients should exercise caution due to the potential risk of infection. This review examines the current knowledge on probiotic strains, their therapeutic potential for colorectal cancer, limitations, and areas where further research is imperative to improve their efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful rapid desensitization to zoledronic acid in a multiple myeloma patient.","authors":"Federico Spataro, Antonio Giovanni Solimando, Vanessa Desantis, Angelo Vacca, Roberto Ria","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02207-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02207-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy characterized by the proliferation of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow, leading to osteolytic lesions. This condition is accompanied by a serum accumulation of monoclonal immunoglobulin. Zoledronic acid (ZA) is a new-generation bisphosphonate commonly used to prevent bone complications. However, allergic reactions can pose challenges, potentially leading to ZA discontinuation. Thus, rapid desensitization (RD) has been proposed as a solution to continue treatment in patients with severe HR. RD consists in the induction of a temporary state of tolerance by administering increasing doses of the offending medication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We present the case of a 57-year-old woman with MM who developed face angioedema, flushing with itching, dizziness and fever to ZA. Thus, an allergy work-up with skin prick test and intradermal test (IDT) with ZA were performed. Subsequently, considering the necessity of maintaining ZA treatment, a 3-dilution, 12-step RD infusion protocol was implemented. Skin tests were also repeated after three RD infusions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Skin tests showed positive IDT reactions to ZA confirming the hypersensitivity state of the patient to the medication. Then, the patient underwent RD procedures without any HR. Skin tests performed after three RD procedures were deemed negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Here, we demonstrate successful management with RD in an MM patient with HR to ZA, providing a valuable therapeutic option for patients experiencing such reactions. The effectiveness of RD to ZA was confirmed by the negative response to skin tests after 3 RD procedures. Nevertheless, further research is needed to refine RD protocols and establish their safety and efficacy for patients with HR to ZA. Standardized in vitro testing may also improve the diagnosis and management of ZA hypersensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoxia signaling in cancer: HIF-1α stimulated by COVID-19 can lead to cancer progression and chemo-resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).","authors":"Negar Eghbalifard, Nikta Nouri, Shiva Rouzbahani, Maryam Bakhshi, Negin Ghasemi Kahrizsangi, Faraz Golafshan, Fatemeh Abbasi","doi":"10.1007/s12672-025-02150-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12672-025-02150-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The potential implications of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) development, chemo-resistance, tumor recurrence, and patient outcomes are explored, emphasizing the urgent need for tailored therapeutic strategies to mitigate these risks. The role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) in OSCC studies has highlighted HIF-1α as a crucial prognostic marker in OSCC, with implications for disease prognosis and patient survival. Its overexpression has been linked to aggressive subtypes in early OSCC stages, indicating its significance as an early biomarker for disease progression. Moreover, dysplastic lesions with heightened HIF-1α expression exhibit a greater propensity for malignant transformation, underscoring its role in early oral carcinogenesis. Cancer patients, including those with OSCC, face an elevated risk of severe COVID-19 complications, which may further impact cancer progression and treatment outcomes. Understanding the interplay between COVID-19 infection, HIF-1α activation, and OSCC pathogenesis is crucial for enhancing clinical management strategies. So, insights from this review shed light on the significance of HIF-1α in OSCC tumorigenesis, metastasis formation, and patient prognosis. The review underscores the need for further research to elucidate the precise mechanisms through which HIF-1α modulates cancer progression and chemo-resistance in the context of COVID-19 infection. Such knowledge is essential for developing targeted therapeutic interventions to improve outcomes for OSCC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11148,"journal":{"name":"Discover. Oncology","volume":"16 1","pages":"399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11947373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}