Rupesh K. Srivastava , Leena Sapra , Asha Bhardwaj , Pradyumna K. Mishra , Bhupendra Verma , Zainab Baig
{"title":"Unravelling the immunobiology of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs): Implications in health and disease","authors":"Rupesh K. Srivastava , Leena Sapra , Asha Bhardwaj , Pradyumna K. Mishra , Bhupendra Verma , Zainab Baig","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), a growing class of </span>immune cells<span>, imitate the appearance and abilities of T cells. However, unlike T cells, ILCs lack acquired </span></span>antigen receptors<span><span><span>, and they also do not undergo clonal selection or proliferation in response to antigenic stimuli. Despite lacking antigen-specific receptors, ILCs respond quickly to signals from infected or damaged tissues and generate an array of cytokines that regulate the development of </span>adaptive immune response. ILCs can be categorized into four types based on their signature cytokines and transcription factors: ILC1, ILC2, ILC3 (including </span>Lymphoid Tissue<span> inducer- LTi cells), and regulatory ILCs (ILCregs). ILCs play key functions in controlling and resolving inflammation, and variations in their proportion are linked to various pathological diseases including cancer, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and skin diseases. We highlight current advancements in the biology and classification of ILCs in this review. Additionally, we provide a thorough overview of their contributions to several inflammatory bone-related pathologies, including osteoporosis, </span></span></span>rheumatoid arthritis<span>, periodontitis<span>, and ankylosing spondylitis. Understanding the multiple functions of ILCs in both physiological and pathological conditions will further mobilize future research towards targeting ILCs for therapeutic purposes.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 56-75"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41101683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuxin Du , Lin Wu , Litao Wang , Russel J. Reiter , Gregory Y.H. Lip , Jun Ren
{"title":"Extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular diseases: From pathophysiology to diagnosis and therapy","authors":"Yuxin Du , Lin Wu , Litao Wang , Russel J. Reiter , Gregory Y.H. Lip , Jun Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Extracellular vesicles (EVs), encompassing exosomes, </span>microvesicles<span> (MVs), and apoptotic bodies (ABs), are cell-derived heterogeneous nanoparticles with a pivotal role in intercellular communication. EVs are enclosed by a lipid-bilayer membrane to escape </span></span>enzymatic degradation<span>. EVs contain various functional molecules (e.g., nucleic acids<span>, proteins, lipids<span> and metabolites) which can be transferred from donor cells to recipient cells. EVs provide many advantages including accessibility, modifiability and easy storage, stability, biocompatibility, heterogeneity and they readily penetrate through biological barriers, making EVs ideal and promising candidates for diagnosis/prognosis biomarkers and therapeutic tools. Recently, EVs were implicated in both physiological and pathophysiological settings of cardiovascular system through regulation of cell-cell communication. Numerous studies have reported a role for EVs in the pathophysiological progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and have evaluated the utility of EVs for the diagnosis/prognosis and therapeutics of CVDs. In this review, we summarize the biology of EVs, evaluate the perceived biological function of EVs in different CVDs along with a consideration of recent progress for the application of EVs in diagnosis/prognosis and therapies of CVDs.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 40-55"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41111035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tumor microenvironment, histone modifications, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells","authors":"Xinyu Tian , Ting Wang , Han Shen , Shengjun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are important components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which drive the tumor </span>immune escape<span><span><span> by inducing immunosuppression<span>. The expansion and function of MDSCs are tightly associated with signaling pathways induced by molecules from tumor cells, </span></span>stromal cells, and activated </span>immune cells<span><span> in the TME. Although these pathways have been well-characterized, the understanding of the epigenetic regulators involved is incomplete. Since </span>histone modifications are the most studied epigenetic changes in MDSCs, we summarize current knowledge on the role of histone modifications in MDSCs within this review. We first discuss the influence of the TME on histone modifications in MDSCs, with an emphasis on histone modifications and modifiers that direct MDSC differentiation and function. Furthermore, we highlight current epigenetic interventions that can reverse MDSC-induced immunosuppression by modulating histone modifications and discuss future research directions to fully appreciate the role of histone modifications in MDSCs.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 108-121"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10383293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Ye , Wei-yan Tao , Xiao-yi Chen , Cheng Jiang , Bin Di , Li-li Xu
{"title":"Mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the development of peptide inhibitors","authors":"Tao Ye , Wei-yan Tao , Xiao-yi Chen , Cheng Jiang , Bin Di , Li-li Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain<span> containing receptor 3 (NLRP3), a member of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) like receptors (NLRs) family, plays an important role in the </span></span>innate immune response<span> against pathogen<span><span><span> invasions. NLRP3 inflammasome consisting of NLRP3 protein, the adapter protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a </span>caspase recruitment domain<span> (CARD) (ASC), and the effector protein pro-caspase-1, is central to this process. Upon activation, NLRP3 inflammasome initiates the release of </span></span>inflammatory cytokines<span> and triggers a form of cell death known as pyroptosis. Dysregulation or inappropriate activation of NLRP3 has been implicated in various human diseases, including type 2 diabetes, </span></span></span></span>colitis<span><span>, depression, and gout. Consequently, understanding the mechanism underlying NLRP3 inflammasome activation is critical for the development of therapeutic drugs. In the pursuit of potential therapeutic agents, peptides present several advantages over </span>small molecules<span>. They offer higher selectivity, increased potency, reduced toxicity, and fewer off-target effects. The advancements in molecular biology have expanded the opportunities for applying peptides in medicine, unlocking their vast medical potential. This review begins by providing a comprehensive summary of recent research progress regarding the mechanisms governing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Subsequently, we offer an overview of current peptide inhibitors capable of modulating the NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathway.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41194409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Confidence Dordoe , Wenting Huang , Canol Bwalya , Xue Wang , Bixin Shen , Hao Wang , Jing Wang , Shasha Ye , Peng Wang , Bao Xiaoyan , Xiaokun Li , Li Lin
{"title":"The role of microglial activation on ischemic stroke: Modulation by fibroblast growth factors","authors":"Confidence Dordoe , Wenting Huang , Canol Bwalya , Xue Wang , Bixin Shen , Hao Wang , Jing Wang , Shasha Ye , Peng Wang , Bao Xiaoyan , Xiaokun Li , Li Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stroke is one of the devastating clinical conditions that causes death and permanent disability. Its occurrence causes the reduction of oxygen and glucose supply, resulting in events such as inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the brain. Microglia are brain-resident immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that exert diverse roles and respond to pathological process after an ischemic insult. The discovery of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in mammals, resulted to the findings that they can treat experimental models of stroke in animals effectively. FGFs function as homeostatic factors that control cells and hormones involved in metabolism, and they also regulate the secretion of proinflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) cytokines after stroke. In this review, we outline current evidence of microglia activation in experimental models of stroke focusing on its ability to exacerbate damage or repair tissue. Also, our review sheds light on the pharmacological actions of FGFs on multiple targets to regulate microglial modulation and highlighted their theoretical molecular mechanisms to provide possible therapeutic targets, as well as their limitations for the treatment of stroke.</p></div><div><h3>Data Availability</h3><p>Not applicable</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 122-133"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359610123000369/pdfft?md5=cc696c008bfabe9fd898217fd7afaaf2&pid=1-s2.0-S1359610123000369-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9982281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenzhuo Hao , Wenjun Li , Lingyan Wang , Shitao Li
{"title":"The odyssey of cGAS: From cytosol to nucleus","authors":"Wenzhuo Hao , Wenjun Li , Lingyan Wang , Shitao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a widely recognized pattern recognition receptor responsible for detecting pathogenic DNA in the cytosol and inducing the production of type I interferon (IFN) to combat infections. The recently discovered nuclear localization of cGAS has changed the old dogma, illuminated a captivating dimension of innate immunity, and sparked many fundamental questions beyond the field of immunology. This review explores cGAS nuclear localization models, activation mechanisms, and biological significance. This expansion challenges the conventional understanding of cGAS and opens new avenues for scientific exploration, promising insights into cellular surveillance and potentially unveiling new therapeutic targets for immune disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 29-39"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359610123000692/pdfft?md5=bb8875e10203d9ed95ea3f0cdf24433f&pid=1-s2.0-S1359610123000692-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41105014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multifaceted role of CD14 in innate immunity and tissue homeostasis","authors":"Kunhee Na , Byung-Chul Oh , YunJae Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CD14 is a co-receptor of Toll-like receptor (TLR)− 4, with a critical role in innate immune responses. CD14 recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharides, pathogen-, and damage-associated molecular patterns, thereby facilitating inflammatory immune responses. In addition to its well-established association with TLR4, CD14 is also implicated in TLR4-independent signaling, which leads to the apoptotic death of differentiated dendritic cells and activation of the noncanonical inflammasome pathway. CD14 also has a role beyond that of the immune responses. It contributes to tissue homeostasis by promoting the clearance of various apoptotic cells via recognizing externalized phosphatidylinositol phosphates. CD14 also has context-dependent roles, particularly in barrier tissues that include the skin and gastrointestinal tract. For example, CD14<sup>+</sup> dendritic cells in the skin can induce immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive responses. In the gastrointestinal system, CD14 is involved in producing inflammatory cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease and maintaining of intestinal integrity. This review focuses on the multifaceted roles of CD14 in innate immunity and its potential regulatory functions in barrier tissues characterized by rapid cell renewal. By providing insights into the diverse functions of CD14, this review offers potential therapeutic implications for this versatile molecule in immune modulation and tissue homeostasis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 100-107"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359610123000552/pdfft?md5=8eecadd0f14400a1c9841068b197aaab&pid=1-s2.0-S1359610123000552-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10137289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksandra Stangret , Weronika Dykacz , Konrad Jabłoński , Aleksandra Wesołowska , Dominika Klimczak-Tomaniak , Janusz Kochman , Mariusz Tomaniak
{"title":"The cytokine trio - visfatin, placental growth factor and fractalkine – and their role in myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA)","authors":"Aleksandra Stangret , Weronika Dykacz , Konrad Jabłoński , Aleksandra Wesołowska , Dominika Klimczak-Tomaniak , Janusz Kochman , Mariusz Tomaniak","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) remains a puzzling clinical entity. It is characterized by clinical evidence of myocardial infarction (MI) with normal or near-normal coronary arteries in angiography. Given the complex etiology including multiple possible scenarios with varied pathogenetic mechanisms, profound investigation of the plausible biomarkers of MINOCA may bring further pathophysiological insights and novel diagnostic opportunities. Cytokines have a great diagnostic potential and are used as biomarkers for many diseases. An unusual trio of visfatin, placental growth factor (PlGF) and fractalkine (CX3CL1) can directly promote vascular dysfunction, inflammation and angiogenesis through the activation of the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling. They are redundant in physiological processes and become overexpressed in the pathomechanisms underlying MINOCA. The knowledge about their concentration might serve as a valuable diagnostic and/or therapeutic tool for assessing vascular endothelial function. Here we analyze the current knowledge on visfatin, PlGF and CX3CL1 in the context of MINOCA and present the novel clinical implications of their combined expression as predictors or indicators of this condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 76-85"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359610123000527/pdfft?md5=8d2b476ece41dd9409449468b277329b&pid=1-s2.0-S1359610123000527-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10238358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protein-protein interactions and related inhibitors involved in the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway","authors":"Zhen-yu Ma , Cheng Jiang , Li-li Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3<span> (NLRP3) receptor serves as the central node of immune sensing in the innate immune system, and plays an important role in the initiation and progression of chronic diseases. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has provided insights into the conformation of various </span></span>oligomers<span> within the NLRP3<span> activation pathway, significantly advancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying NLRP3 inflammasome<span> activation. Despite the extensive network of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) involved in the assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, the utilization of protein-protein interactions has been relatively overlooked in the development of NLRP3 inhibitors. This review focuses on summarizing PPIs within the NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathway and small molecule inhibitors capable of interfering with PPIs to counteract the NLRP3 overactivation. Small molecule NLRP3 inhibitors have been gained significant attention owing to their remarkable efficacy, excellent safety profiles, and unique mechanisms of action.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"74 ","pages":"Pages 14-28"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41094332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Progranulinopathy: A diverse realm of disorders linked to progranulin imbalances","authors":"Guiwu Huang , Jinlong Jian , Chuan-Ju Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Progranulin (PGRN), encoded by the </span><em>GRN</em><span> gene in humans, was originally isolated as a secreted growth factor that implicates in a multitude of processes ranging from regulation of tumorigenesis, inflammation to neural proliferation. Compelling evidence indicating that </span><em>GRN</em><span> mutation can lead to various common neuronal degenerative diseases<span><span> and rare lysosomal storage diseases. These findings have unveiled a critical role for PGRN as a lysosomal protein in maintaining lysosomal function. The phenotypic spectrum of PGRN imbalance has expanded to encompass a broad spectrum of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, metabolic, musculoskeletal and cardiovascular diseases. These diseases collectively referred to as Progranulinopathy- a term encompasses the wide spectrum of disorders influenced by PGRN imbalance. Unlike its known extracellular function as a growth factor-like molecule associated with multiple </span>membrane receptors<span><span>, PGRN also serves as an intracellular co-chaperone engaged in the folding and traffic of its associated proteins, particularly the lysosomal hydrolases. This chaperone activity is required for PGRN to exert its diverse functions across a broad range of diseases, encompassing both the </span>central nervous system and peripheral systems. In this comprehensive review, we present an update of the emerging role of PGRN in Progranulinopathy, with special focus on elucidating the intricate interplay between PGRN and a diverse array of proteins at various levels, ranging from extracellular fluids and intracellular components, as well as various pathophysiological processes involved. This review seeks to offer a comprehensive grasp of PGRN's diverse functions, aiming to unveil intricate mechanisms behind Progranulinopathy and open doors for future research endeavors.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":11132,"journal":{"name":"Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews","volume":"76 ","pages":"Pages 142-159"},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135709960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}