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2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems最新文献

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A compact approach to clustered master-slave Ethernet networks 集群主-从以太网的一种紧凑方法
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242560
M. Ashjaei, M. Behnam, Thomas Nolte, L. Almeida, R. Marau
{"title":"A compact approach to clustered master-slave Ethernet networks","authors":"M. Ashjaei, M. Behnam, Thomas Nolte, L. Almeida, R. Marau","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242560","url":null,"abstract":"Ethernet switches are increasingly used in real-time distributed systems as a technical solution to guarantee the timeliness in communications. However, there are still limitations related to real-time behavior caused by the limited number of priority levels and the possibility of memory overruns with consequent message losses. These limitations can be eliminated using a master/slave technique such as proposed by the FTT paradigm. This led to the FTT-SE protocol that schedules transmissions centrally in a master node. While this protocol has already been well studied and investigated for small networks with a single switch, its extension to larger networks is still an open issue. In this paper we propose a compact clustered solution to scale the FTT-SE protocol to networks of multiple switches by organizing the network in sub-networks composed of one master and one switch each and which can be connected directly, without bridges. This paper also shows how the timeliness of the traffic can still be enforced. The response time analysis, implementing a prototype and developing a simulator is currently on-going.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114514348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Automated network layout for the industrial communication engineering system NetGen:X 工业通信工程系统NetGen:X的自动化网络布局
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242576
Markus Stöß, F. Doherr, L. Urbas
{"title":"Automated network layout for the industrial communication engineering system NetGen:X","authors":"Markus Stöß, F. Doherr, L. Urbas","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242576","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the rapid development and the variety of available bus systems, the planning of communication systems is becoming increasingly complex. In future the prevalent star structure of conventional wiring will be more and more replaced by other types of topologies. Motivated by the advantages of scalable and flexible digital bus systems, this paper describes a systematic and innovative approach to support several tedious industrial communication engineering steps within a technology independent decision support system. Towards that end several well known graph-theoretical routing algorithms were adapted to meet the requirements of industrial communication network layouts. This article describes the algorithms and the domain specific adaptations and demonstrates the feasibility of the approach with the successful application to an industrial-relevant use case.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124658036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
A path to oscillation free controller changes 无振荡控制器的路径改变
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242565
Milton Armando Cunguara, T. E. O. Silva, P. Pedreiras
{"title":"A path to oscillation free controller changes","authors":"Milton Armando Cunguara, T. E. O. Silva, P. Pedreiras","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242565","url":null,"abstract":"Driven by the need to make a more efficient use of communication and computational resources, recently, a strong research effort has been devoted to the study of control systems integrating several controllers, with the goal of selecting the controller that allows to meet the desired quality of control while minimizing resource usage. However, most of the research made so far has been focused on the rules for controller change, neglecting the full impact of controller changes, namely the resulting oscillations. Consequently, in most such systems, controller changes may cause output oscillations that can compromise the gains achieved by the use of multiple controllers. In this paper, first the cause for oscillations in the presence of period changes is put forward, then a solution based in a change of basis matrix is presented. A simulation illustrate the feasibility of the proposed methodology.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121145590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Statistical analysis and predictive modeling of industrial wireless coexisting environments 工业无线共存环境的统计分析与预测建模
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242554
G. Shrestha, Kaleem Ahmad, U. Meier
{"title":"Statistical analysis and predictive modeling of industrial wireless coexisting environments","authors":"G. Shrestha, Kaleem Ahmad, U. Meier","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242554","url":null,"abstract":"Typically, cognitive radio systems either sense the channel just before transmission or perform this task periodically in order to remain aware about the operational environment. However, a channel sensed as `free' can become busy during the transmission of the cognitive system resulting in harmful collisions and unnecessary interruptions in the secondary user data transmission. As a solution, predictive based approaches has been proposed and has shown promising results in simulated environments. However, modeling real-time, dynamic, coexisting environments demand investigation with real-time demonstrators. This paper investigates industrial coexisting environments and illustrates the prediction model selection and its parameter estimation criteria. Based on the investigation a real-time testbed is implemented using a CC2500 TRX and MSP430 μC based platform.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115242039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Information modeling in heterogeneous Building Automation Systems 异构楼宇自动化系统中的信息建模
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242577
W. Granzer, W. Kastner
{"title":"Information modeling in heterogeneous Building Automation Systems","authors":"W. Granzer, W. Kastner","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242577","url":null,"abstract":"Modern Building Automation Systems (BAS) are highly heterogeneous where often a plethora of technologies is necessary to satisfy the needs of all underlying application domains. On the way to “intelligent” buildings and smart control, a key challenge to be solved is interoperability at the information level. In order to use data in a technological-independent way, it must be possible to represent and access them in a generic way. One opportunity is to use the information modeling concepts provided by OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA). Therefore, this paper is dedicated to information modeling of BAS using OPC UA. First, it is shown how interworking models of the open standards BACnet, KNX, LonWorks and ZigBee can be mapped to OPC UA. As a proof-of-concept, a management application based on the proposed OPC UA information models bridging the technologies BACnet and KNX is presented.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"299 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128618152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Formal verification of a distributed master election protocol 分布式主选举协议的正式验证
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242572
G. Cena, I. Bertolotti, T. Hu
{"title":"Formal verification of a distributed master election protocol","authors":"G. Cena, I. Bertolotti, T. Hu","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242572","url":null,"abstract":"Although the basic Modbus protocol is based on the master-slave communication paradigm with a single master, along the years it has been extended in various ways, in order to provide additional features such as, for instance, the coexistence of multiple masters on the same TIA/EIA-485 fieldbus segment. The design of a master election protocol in this environment is seemingly straightforward and the designer may believe that its correctness can be assessed satisfactorily by intuition and testing. However, in this paper is it shown how formal verification can help to identify and fix subtle and low-probability issues, which seldom occur in practice, and therefore, may be extremely difficult to detect during pre-production testing.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126549254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Hardware acceleration architecture for EtherCAT master controller EtherCAT主控制器的硬件加速结构
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242570
T. Maruyama, Tsutomu Yamada
{"title":"Hardware acceleration architecture for EtherCAT master controller","authors":"T. Maruyama, Tsutomu Yamada","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242570","url":null,"abstract":"EtherCAT is an Industrial Ethernet that is suitable where high-speed communication and highly accurate synchronization are required. An EtherCAT master is generally built using software and a common PC. However, building an EtherCAT master on an embedded microprocessor and on various operating systems makes it to implement the master software, develop applications, and achieve high-speed communication. We propose an EtherCAT accelerator that manipulates frames and cyclic executions in dedicated hardware for master processing. The aim with this accelerator is to minimize interventions. We evaluated a field-programmable gate array prototype with standard Linux and a Geode processor (500MHz). The maximum communication processing time of 64 Bframe was less than 50 μs.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123820494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Performance assessment and tuning rules for low-power and lossy stacks 低功耗和有损堆栈的性能评估和调优规则
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242544
Nicola Accettura, Carlos Aguado Camacho, L. Grieco, G. Boggia, P. Camarda
{"title":"Performance assessment and tuning rules for low-power and lossy stacks","authors":"Nicola Accettura, Carlos Aguado Camacho, L. Grieco, G. Boggia, P. Camarda","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242544","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is having a great impact on the specifications of Low-power and Lossy stacks, especially in IEEE and IETF bodies. In fact, emerging standards present a mix of technological and architectural features to boost a wide deployment of the IoT. At the same time, such novel proposals require a thorough evaluation to discover pros and cons, and to ameliorate their performance. To this end, we present herein a preliminary performance assessment of the novel IETF RPL routing protocol, when jointly used with different kinds of MAC layers. Our results clearly show that the interaction between routing and MAC protocols can produce subtle effects that greatly affect the system performance. This implies the need of further research efforts to discover how to set the parameters of the stack and to optimize the system behavior.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124404390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Mixing Real Time Ethernet traffic on the IEC 61850 Process bus 在IEC 61850进程总线上混合实时以太网流量
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242559
P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, S. Rinaldi, G. Prytz
{"title":"Mixing Real Time Ethernet traffic on the IEC 61850 Process bus","authors":"P. Ferrari, A. Flammini, S. Rinaldi, G. Prytz","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242559","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of the IEC 61850 standard represents a milestone for the Substation Automation System (SAS): the network based control system simplifies the architecture, increasing the interoperability and decreasing the development cost. Looking at the network structure, IEC 61850 defines the Process bus that is used to connect the equipment and sensors which operate close to the power lines. This paper investigates the case in which the Process Bus is opened to other real-time systems that use Real-Time Ethernet protocols. A simulation environment has been used to analyze the Process bus behavior when non IEC 61850 devices are connected (in particular, PROFINET IO devices). The preliminary results suggest the possibility to mix different real-time data streams on the Process Bus, with tolerable variations of the performance of the IEC 61850 applications.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126511144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
On relaying for wireless industrial communications: Is careful placement of relayers strictly necessary? 关于无线工业通信的中继:是否严格需要仔细放置中继器?
2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems Pub Date : 2012-05-21 DOI: 10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242567
A. Willig, E. Uhlemann
{"title":"On relaying for wireless industrial communications: Is careful placement of relayers strictly necessary?","authors":"A. Willig, E. Uhlemann","doi":"10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2012.6242567","url":null,"abstract":"Relaying is a very promising technique to improve the reliability of data transmission in wireless (industrial) networks. With relaying, relay nodes support source nodes in carrying out retransmissions. A common assumption is that relayers should be placed at “good” positions (e.g. in the middle between source and destination) to achieve benefits. In this paper we tackle the question of whether it is strictly necessary to place relayers at “good” positions (which often requires extensive measurements). We present results indicating that the benefits of relaying are achievable even with randomly placed relayers, as long as enough of them are deployed. Specifically, we present results suggesting that with a sufficient (and still not too high) number of randomly deployed relayers, the probability that all packets, sent by source nodes to a central controller in a TDMA round, reach the controller is larger than for the case with source-only retransmissions. This finding holds true both in the absence and the presence of feedback.","PeriodicalId":110610,"journal":{"name":"2012 9th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133983659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 14
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