{"title":"Update on the Neurobiology of Borderline Personality Disorder: A Review of Structural, Resting-State and Task-Based Brain Imaging Studies.","authors":"Anthony C Ruocco, Ely M Marceau","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01553-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01553-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review summarizes recent advances in research on the neurobiology of borderline personality disorder (BPD) according to structural brain imaging investigations and resting-state and task-based functional brain activation studies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Extending established findings on differences in regional brain volumes and cortical thickness between BPD and healthy controls, recent research illuminates shared and distinct brain structural characteristics compared to other psychiatric diagnoses, and uncovers relations of these brain structures with transdiagnostic symptoms and clinical features. Resting-state functional brain imaging studies reveal disruptions among adolescents and adults with BPD in frontolimbic and default-mode networks, which primarily underlie affect regulation and self-referential processes, respectively. Recent task-based functional brain imaging research builds on existing neurobiological understanding of emotion and cognition in BPD by revealing novel intersections with interpersonal- and stress-related processes. Studies of psychological and pharmacological interventions suggest possible effects on neural regions underlying emotion processing and behavioral control. Recent advances in neurobiological research on BPD underscore the pathophysiology of affective, behavioral and self-interpersonal symptoms, with growing interest in adolescents with BPD and the impacts of psychological and biological interventions. Corresponding with the increased prominence of alternative dimensional models of personality disorder in recent years, there is a gradual rise in studies examining the relationships of brain structures and functional brain activation with BPD-relevant symptom dimensions, including within transdiagnostic samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"807-815"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Empowering the Vulnerable: The Impact of SEL on Traumatized Children's Academic and Social Outcomes in Crises.","authors":"Anies Al-Hroub, Rawand Al-Hroub","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01555-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01555-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This article critically reviews the impact of Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) on traumatized children's academic and social outcomes, focusing on studies from the past three years across diverse contexts. It emphasizes the need for culturally sensitive, trauma-informed programs that cater to various settings, while also exploring the critical roles of parents and educators in SEL implementation. Additionally, the paper highlights challenges in deploying SEL in crisis-affected regions and offers strategies to address systemic barriers.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent studies show that SEL interventions significantly foster emotional regulation, resilience, empathy, and social integration, vital for personal well-being and successful social adaptation. However, the effect of SEL on academic performance, particularly in literacy and numeracy, remains inconsistent. Cultural adaptation of SEL programs is critical to their success, especially in non-Western settings, with a growing focus on trauma-informed approaches to address the needs of children affected by crises, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite these benefits, challenges such as resource limitations, lack of policy support, and the need for educator training continue to impede effective SEL implementation. SEL offers a vital framework for supporting traumatized children, particularly in crisis-affected regions. This review explores five key themes: the enhancement of emotional regulation and social integration, the necessity of cultural adaptation, the involvement of parents and educators, the challenges of implementing SEL in crisis contexts, and the importance of developing trauma-informed policies. The article also identifies future research directions, emphasizing the need for systemic reforms and culturally adapted SEL models.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"777-781"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11706873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aviv Messinger, Dorit Gamus, Moshe Bondi, Michael L Polliack, Eran Ben-Arye
{"title":"Calming the Wind: A Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioner's Approach to Wartime Acute Stress Disorder Symptoms.","authors":"Aviv Messinger, Dorit Gamus, Moshe Bondi, Michael L Polliack, Eran Ben-Arye","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01542-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01542-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this narrative essay, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practitioner describes the challenge of treating three survivors of a terror attack, all of whom were presenting various symptoms of acute stress disorder (ASD). Working in new and exceptionally demanding circumstances - with thousands of people injured in an extensive and direct terror attack, with relatives taken hostages and entire communities evacuated from their homes - the practitioner looked for an effective treatment strategy to alleviate symptoms of stress response. He found it in the interface between TCM and the function of the autonomic nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"678-682"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142361307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellen K Pasquale, Allison M Boyar, Kerri N Boutelle
{"title":"Reward and Inhibitory Control as Mechanisms and Treatment Targets for Binge Eating Disorder.","authors":"Ellen K Pasquale, Allison M Boyar, Kerri N Boutelle","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01534-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01534-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Recent research has highlighted alterations in reward and inhibitory control among individuals with binge eating disorder, identifying both constructs as potential targets for treatment. Treatments targeting reward and inhibitory control for binge eating disorder are emerging. This review aims to summarize the recent literature evaluating reward and inhibitory control in binge eating disorder compared to weight-matched controls using behavioral paradigms and neuroimaging. This review also aims to summarize recent literature evaluating treatments for binge eating targeting these mechanisms and highlights additional work needed in these areas.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Reward hypersensitivity and impaired inhibitory control are mechanisms underlying binge eating disorder. Individuals with binge eating disorder experience higher initial reward to food, and later, higher anticipatory reward but lower experienced food reward which maintains binge eating behavior. Treatments targeting reward and inhibitory control for binge eating include behavioral, computerized trainings, pharmacological, and neuromodulation treatments. The majority of trials are small but demonstrate promise in reducing binge eating and targeting theorized mechanisms. Larger, randomized trials are needed. Changes in reward and inhibitory control are present in individuals with binge eating disorder and treatments targeting these mechanisms demonstrate initial promise. Greater research is needed evaluating reward and inhibitory control simultaneously and with weight-matched comparison groups, as well as larger randomized trials that target both processes simultaneously.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"616-625"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can Neuromodulation Improve Sleep and Psychiatric Symptoms?","authors":"Charlotte E Luff, Luis de Lecea","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01540-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01540-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>In this review, we evaluate recent studies that employ neuromodulation, in the form of non-invasive brain stimulation, to improve sleep in both healthy participants, and patients with psychiatric disorders. We review studies using transcranial electrical stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and closed-loop auditory stimulation, and consider both subjective and objective measures of sleep improvement.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Neuromodulation can alter neuronal activity underlying sleep. However, few studies utilizing neuromodulation report improvements in objective measures of sleep. Enhancements in subjective measures of sleep quality are replicable, however, many studies conducted in this field suffer from methodological limitations, and the placebo effect is robust. Currently, evidence that neuromodulation can effectively enhance sleep is lacking. For the field to advance, methodological issues must be resolved, and the full range of objective measures of sleep architecture, alongside subjective measures of sleep quality, must be reported. Additionally, validation of effective modulation of neuronal activity should be done with neuroimaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"650-658"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancing Models of Care in Transplant Psychiatry: A Review and Considerations for Enhancing the Multidisciplinary Approach.","authors":"Kinza Tareen","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01535-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01535-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Psychosocial considerations in transplant candidacy evaluation, waitlist, and post-transplant period is tremendously important to overall transplant care. Integration of mental health services in multidisciplinary transplant teams improves adherence to medical regimens, enhances quality of life, and reduces the risk of post-transplant complications.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Despite this, psychiatrists are often under-utilized by transplant centers, with engagement typically limited to transplant candidacy evaluations or reactive consults in a traditional CL model. In this review, we aim to 1) highlight the relevance of psychiatry throughout the transplant course, 2) outline the role of a CL psychiatrist in advancing patient care and supporting multidisciplinary teams in transplant, 3) develop an understanding of CL service models in both the inpatient and ambulatory setting and 4) consider the utility of innovating current transplant psychiatry practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"626-634"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phoutdavone Phimphasone-Brady, Kaitlin V Ross, Alexander Z Zhang, Madeleine Sehrt, Kathryn M McKenney, Lindsay G Lebin
{"title":"Mental Health Across the Menstrual Cycle in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Insights and Implications.","authors":"Phoutdavone Phimphasone-Brady, Kaitlin V Ross, Alexander Z Zhang, Madeleine Sehrt, Kathryn M McKenney, Lindsay G Lebin","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01529-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01529-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>We reviewed a wide body of emerging research highlighting the possibility for premenstrual exacerbations of mood symptoms in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Neuroendocrine dysregulation, sensitivity to ovarian hormone fluctuations as well as higher levels and types of adverse childhood experiences and demographic factors are emerging factors explaining high rates of psychiatric disorders in PCOS. Ovulatory dysfunction, common in PCOS, significantly interferes with one's identity and quality of life. Results on pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments for mood symptoms are mixed, though improvements in the physical sequalae of PCOS could also improve mood symptoms. However, significant improvements on the methodological quality are needed, particularly the evaluation of mood symptoms across the menstrual cycle. Evidence is preliminary on whether there are premenstrual exacerbations of psychiatric symptoms in PCOS. Prospective, longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to comprehensively understand the psychiatric profile in PCOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"553-562"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12005374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142105136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cannabis and Pregnancy.","authors":"Nadejda Bespalova, Gregory Bunt, Kevin P Hill","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01536-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01536-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>We review recent evidence describing the effects of prenatal exposure to cannabis in pregnant individuals.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>In the context of changing cannabis policy, more pregnant individuals are using cannabis, despite profound risks. Recent studies show possible perinatal and longitudinal neurodevelopment risks associated with cannabis use during pregnancy and lactation. Healthcare providers are reluctant to discuss this topic with patients for a variety of reasons. With increased access to cannabis comes the possibility of increased adverse effects of cannabis upon pregnant individuals and their children. A concerted effort to educate pregnant individuals about the potential risks of cannabis might mitigate those potential effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"643-649"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142307344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Steven K Huprich, Shichie J Kuribayashi, Vitaliy L Voytenko
{"title":"The Necessary Rapprochement of Negative Affectivity, Personality Disorder, and Depression.","authors":"Steven K Huprich, Shichie J Kuribayashi, Vitaliy L Voytenko","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01532-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01532-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The relationship between depression and personality has long been a topic of interest in the fields of psychiatry and psychology, but consensus remains elusive. This lack of consensus poses a significant challenge in both diagnosis and treatment, especially in situations when otherwise effective therapies for depression fail. Our article aims to address this issue by reviewing the historical and recent conceptualizations of the relationship between depression and personality pathology. Specifically, we focus on the trait domain of negative affectivity found in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Edition (ICD-11) and the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) as a connecting link between the two phenomena.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>We review recent empirical studies evaluating the association of negative affectivity, personality, and depression, along with investigations of the relationship between depressive disorders and personality disorders. Additionally, we describe the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) and the AMPD as organizing frameworks for understanding depression within a broader personality framework. Based on the available evidence, we propose that depressive disorders must be assessed within the context of the patient's personality in order to maximize treatment outcomes. Ultimately, this integrated approach can guide clinicians in developing unified treatment protocols and facilitate early detection and intervention for factors contributing to depression in order to minimize treatment resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"591-602"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew J Reid, Hannes Kettner, Tessa F Blanken, Brandon Weiss, Robin Carhartt-Harris
{"title":"Preliminary Evidence of Sleep Improvements Following Psilocybin Administration, and their Involvement in Antidepressant Therapeutic Action.","authors":"Matthew J Reid, Hannes Kettner, Tessa F Blanken, Brandon Weiss, Robin Carhartt-Harris","doi":"10.1007/s11920-024-01539-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11920-024-01539-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the study: </strong>Psilocybin is a rapidly-emerging treatment for depression, yet its impact on sleep is not well understood. We sought to explore the literature on sleep and psilocybin use, and explore the topic using our own primary data.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Whilst clinical trials demonstrate large depressive symptom improvements, the impact of psilocybin on sleep quality or insomnia symptoms, has not been directly studied. Using our own preliminary-data we demonstrated that both depressive-symptoms and sleep-disturbances decreased significantly following psilocybin use, though sleep improvements were smaller compared to depressive symptoms. More severe sleep-disturbances at baseline were linked to lower probability of depression remission, underscoring a potential interaction between sleep and psilocybin's efficacy. Addressing sleep disturbances could enhance therapeutic outcomes in psilocybin-assisted therapy and could lead to more effective, personalized treatment-strategies. Future research should focus on populations with sleep disorders, and on examining causal-pathways of sleep physiology's impact on psilocybin efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11057,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Reports","volume":" ","pages":"659-669"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}