Current Opinion in Psychiatry最新文献_第8页

Challenges in the management of depressive disorders comorbid with tuberculosis and type 2 diabetes. 抑郁症合并肺结核和2型糖尿病的管理挑战。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000885

Guillermo Caceres-Cardenas, Paulo Ruiz-Grosso, Cesar Ugarte-Gil

引用次数: 1

Role of humanities in modern medical education. 人文学科在现代医学教育中的作用。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000884

Mohan Isaac

{"title":"Role of humanities in modern medical education.","authors":"Mohan Isaac","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000884","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The role and importance of integrating humanities into medical education has been recognized for a long time. However, to what extent humanities are included in the medical curricula and how and when they are taught during the medical training in medical schools across the world is unclear. The review was undertaken to study the current status and role of humanities in medical education.Recent findings: Humanities content in the medical curriculum and the teaching of humanities continue to remain unstandardized. What constitutes medical humanities is unclear as there are several understandings of medical humanities. The benefits and value - both short term and long term - of including humanities in training of doctors and other health professionals remain unresolved and continue to be debated. Although some surveys have shown that exposure to the humanities was significantly correlated with positive personal qualities, including empathy, tolerance for ambiguity, wisdom, emotional appraisal, self-efficacy, and spatial skills, and inversely correlated with some components of burnout, robust evidence from well conducted studies to support the benefits of integrating humanities into medical training is very limited. An overreaching conceptual or theoretical framework for the health humanities in health professionals' education continue to be elusive.Summary: The status, stature, profile, and role of humanities in medical education remain varied across medical schools and universities. There is a need for standardized curricula, uniform criteria and guidelines for teaching medical humanities, training modules / materials, methods of assessment and better integration of humanities in medical education.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"347-351"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9940909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Editorial: Refugees, migrants and displaced populations need better mental health support. 社论：难民、移民和流离失所者需要更好的心理健康支持。

IF 7.5 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000891

Mohan Isaac, Igor Filipčić

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000890

引用次数: 0

Stroke, depression, and self-harm in later life. 中风、抑郁和自残。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000882

Osvaldo P Almeida

{"title":"Stroke, depression, and self-harm in later life.","authors":"Osvaldo P Almeida","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000882","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of the review: To examine recently published results of randomized placebo-controlled trials investigating the clinical effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the prevalence of clinically significant symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation after an acute stroke.Recent findings: The prevalence of poststroke depression varies markedly according to the approach used to define depression, with recently published data suggesting that about one in every three stroke survivors will experience clinically significant symptoms of depression over a period of 12 months. The proportion of stroke survivors with clinically significant symptoms of depression decreases progressively with time, but in 30% of them symptoms persist or recur over 12 months. Routine daily treatment with 20 mg of fluoxetine for 6 months does not affect the prevalence of depression in this population, nor is it effective at treating or preventing poststroke depressive symptoms. Treatment discontinuation, gastrointestinal adverse effects, seizures and bone fractures are more frequent among stroke survivors treated with antidepressants than placebo. Moreover, current data show that thoughts about death or suicide are more frequent among adults who had a stroke than the general population, although recurring suicidal thoughts are uncommon. Routine daily treatment with 20 mg of fluoxetine for 6 months does not change the proportion of people who disclose suicidal thoughts over a period of 12 months after an acute stroke.Summary: Current evidence raises concerns about the efficacy and safety of antidepressants for the management and prevention of poststroke clinically significant symptoms of depression. It is unclear if these findings can be generalized to people with severe strokes or to stroke survivors with moderate to severe major depressive episodes.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"371-375"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9970957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inclusive dementia care for ethnically diverse families. 针对不同种族家庭的包容性痴呆症护理。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000889

Bianca Brijnath, Josefine Antoniades, Marina Cavuoto

{"title":"Inclusive dementia care for ethnically diverse families.","authors":"Bianca Brijnath, Josefine Antoniades, Marina Cavuoto","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000889","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: With population ageing and global migration, rates of dementia are set to rapidly increase in ethnically diverse populations. This narrative review examines recent evidence on what constitutes culturally appropriate models of care.Recent findings: Barriers to inclusive care continue to prevail, amplifying dementia disparities in ethnically diverse communities. Cultural models that can address these include ensuring health and aged care staff are culturally competent, language supports are available, and cultural practices are integrated into daily care routines. Fundamentally, systems must be reformed to ensure they meet the needs of diverse end-users. More inclusive and widespread ethno-specific services are needed, and governments need to be mindful of demographic transitions in their populations and plan accordingly to meet future demand. Digital media and new technologies offer promising new ways to deliver culturally appropriate care to ethnically diverse groups, but its full potential is yet to be realised.Summary: Persistent dementia disparities in ethnically diverse communities can be overcome by operationalising cultural models of care, leveraging the promise of digital media, and systems redesign.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"391-396"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10316033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is suicide a mental health, public health or societal problem? 自杀是心理健康、公共健康还是社会问题?

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000888

Digvijay Goel, Brian Dennis, Sarah K McKenzie

{"title":"Is suicide a mental health, public health or societal problem?","authors":"Digvijay Goel, Brian Dennis, Sarah K McKenzie","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000888","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Suicide is a complex phenomenon wherein multiple parameters intersect: psychological, medical, moral, religious, social, economic and political. Over the decades, however, it has been increasingly and almost exclusively come to be viewed through a biomedical prism. Colonized thus by health and more specifically mental health professionals, alternative and complimentary approaches have been excluded from the discourse. The review questions many basic premises, which have been taken as given in this context, particularly the '90 percent statistic' derived from methodologically flawed psychological autopsy studies.Recent findings: An alternative perspective posits that suicide is a societal problem which has been expropriated by health professionals, with little to show for the efficacy of public health interventions such as national suicide prevention plans, which continue to be ritually rolled out despite a consistent record of repeated failures. This view is supported by macro-level data from studies across national borders.Summary: The current framing of suicide as a public health and mental health problem, amenable to biomedical interventions has stifled seminal discourse on the subject. We need to jettison this tunnel vision and move on to a more inclusive approach.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"352-359"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10316034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Specialist dementia nursing models and impacts: a systematic review. 痴呆症专科护理模式及其影响：系统综述。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-15 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000874

Pat Brown, Alexandra Burton, Jordan Ayden, Karen Harrison Dening, Juanita Hoe, Claudia Cooper

{"title":"Specialist dementia nursing models and impacts: a systematic review.","authors":"Pat Brown, Alexandra Burton, Jordan Ayden, Karen Harrison Dening, Juanita Hoe, Claudia Cooper","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000874","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000874","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Dementia policy priorities recommend that people who are living with dementia and their family should have access to support and interventions delivered by dementia specialists, including specialist nurses. However, specialist dementia nursing models and role-related competencies are not clearly defined. We systematically review the current evidence regarding specialist dementia nursing models and their impacts.Recent findings: Thirty-one studies from across three databases, and grey literature were included in the review. One framework defining specific specialist dementia nursing competencies was found. We did not find convincing evidence of the effectiveness of specialist nursing dementia services, relative to standard models of care from the current, limited evidence base, although families living with dementia valued it. No Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) has compared the impact of specialist nursing on client and carer outcomes relative to less specialist care, although one nonrandomised study reported that specialist dementia nursing reduces emergency and inpatient service use compared with a usual care group.Summary: Current models of specialist dementia nursing are numerous and heterogeneous. Further exploration of the specialist nursing skills and the impact of specialist nursing interventions is needed to usefully inform workforce development strategies and clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"376-390"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9994443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Older age bipolar disorder. 老年双相情感障碍。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000883

Alexandra J M Beunders, Melis Orhan, Annemiek Dols

{"title":"Older age bipolar disorder.","authors":"Alexandra J M Beunders, Melis Orhan, Annemiek Dols","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000883","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review Older age bipolar disorder (OABD) refers to patients with bipolar disorder aged 50 years and over. There is a paucity of evidence-based guidelines specific to OABD, but in recent years, several studies have been published on OABD. The current review synthesizes previous literature (up to January 1, 2021) as well as most recent literature on OABD (since January 1, 2021). Recent findings This review covers the following themes: diagnosis and specifiers, clinical course, psychosocial functioning, cognition, physical comorbidities, and pharmacotherapy. On the basis of the latest data, specific clinical recommendations are proposed for each theme. Summary OABD forms a more complex subgroup of bipolar disorder, with an increased risk of cognitive deficits, physical comorbidities, impaired psychosocial functioning, and premature death. The distinctions between BD-I and BD-II and between EOBD and LOBD do not clinically represent relevant subtypes for OABD patients. Mental healthcare professionals should treat all OABD patients with an integrative care model that takes into account cognitive and physical comorbidities and that contains elements aimed at improvement of psychosocial functioning and quality of life. Older age itself should not be a reason to withhold lithium treatment. Future research should collect data on essential data domains using validated measurement scales.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"397-404"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10399956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9994469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial introductions. 编辑介绍。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000879

引用次数: 0