Current Opinion in Psychiatry最新文献_第7页

Special considerations for assessing and caring for autism in girls and women. 评估和护理女孩和妇女自闭症的特殊考虑因素。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000913

Agnieszka Rynkiewicz, Shuting Zheng, Adeline Lacroix

引用次数: 0

Updates in the care of youths with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. 智力残疾和自闭症谱系障碍青少年护理的最新情况。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000901

Marco O Bertelli, Luciana Forte, Annamaria Bianco

{"title":"Updates in the care of youths with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder.","authors":"Marco O Bertelli, Luciana Forte, Annamaria Bianco","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000901","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000901","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Since the turn of the new millennium, care for people with intellectual disability/intellectual developmental disorders (IDD) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has drawn increasing attention because of the continuous prevalence increase of these two conditions, the high health vulnerability, especially mental vulnerability, and the crucial role of care provision in the setting of continued deinstitutionalization and the shift to community care. The present review addresses the main issues related to mental healthcare in youth with IDD and/or ASD with a specific focus on adolescence and transition to adulthood.Recent findings: Despite the existence of specific recommendations, persons with IDD/ASD lack access to quality mental healthcare within communities, receive inadequate diagnosis and intervention, including medication overuse as well as ineffective residential, educational, employment, financial, and social support services. The lack of a unified care system that provides services across all domains and life ages may be the cause of users' perceptions and experiences of inefficiencies.Summary: The scientific community seems to converge on that care should be provided in accordance with principles of interdisciplinarity, life-span view, precision, personalization, and participation. Quality of life appears to be an ideal conceptual reference for care planning and outcome evaluation.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"455-460"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41103746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of bullying in childhood and adolescence. 欺凌对儿童和青少年的影响。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000900

Richa Bhatia

{"title":"The impact of bullying in childhood and adolescence.","authors":"Richa Bhatia","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000900","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000900","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Bullying is a common adversity affecting many children and adolescents. It has been shown to negatively impact the psychological well being not only of targets of bullying, but also that of bullying perpetrators and those witnessing bullying. Bullying is linked to depression and poorer mental health and functioning among children and adolescents. Given the high prevalence of bullying among children and adolescents and the negative mental health sequelae of bullying, this is an area of urgent public health concern. This narrative review brings forth recent research findings in this arena, which could help shape public health policies for addressing and preventing bullying.Recent findings: Recent findings demonstrate an association of bullying among children and adolescents with depression, nonsuicidal self-injury, sleep loss, reduced health-related quality of life, poorer rates of graduation from high school and later mental health problems. A recent systematic review also showed an association of peer-victimization among children and adolescents with activation of amygdala, left parahippocampal gyrus and fusiform gyrus, and alterations in other brain areas.Summary: Evidence indicates that bullying in childhood and adolescence is associated with higher odds of developing mental health problems; therefore, early identification and timely intervention is crucial.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"461-465"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41125767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuronal activity and reward processing in relation to binge eating. 与暴饮有关的神经元活动和奖励处理。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000895

Elske Vrieze, Nicolas Leenaerts

{"title":"Neuronal activity and reward processing in relation to binge eating.","authors":"Elske Vrieze, Nicolas Leenaerts","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000895","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000895","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Studies increasingly show the importance of reward processing in binge eating and provide evidence of associated changes in the neurobiological reward system. This review gives an up-to-date overview of the neurobiological substrates of reward processing subconstructs in binge eating. Neural findings are linked to different behavioral theories and the clinical relevance is discussed.Recent findings: Increased neural responses in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex as well as striatum during anticipation and receipt of food rewards are found in association to binge eating. Increased model-free learning is also found and associated with altered brain reward reactivity. Data in rest report reduced striatal dopamine release and lower frontostriatal connectivity. Mechanisms of onset of binge eating are less clear, but specific personality traits, related to frontostriatal dysconnectivity, probably increase the risk of binge eating onset.Summary: Both structural and task-based imaging studies show differences in the neurobiological reward system in binge eating. These changes are linked to specific reward processing, such as altered reward responsiveness to food cues, reinforcement learning, and habitual behavior. Findings are lined with different behavioral theories of binge eating, and a staging model is described, from onset to full illness development. Understanding the specific underlying aberrant reward mechanism in binge eating, associated with different stages of the illness, enables caregivers to focus their treatment more precisely.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"443-448"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41118282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the intersection of autism spectrum disorder and eating disorders: understanding the unique challenges and treatment considerations for autistic women with eating disorders. 探索自闭症谱系障碍和饮食障碍的交叉点：了解患有饮食障碍的自闭症女性面临的独特挑战和治疗考虑。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000894

Sabrina S Schröder, Unna N Danner, Annelies A Spek, Annemarie A van Elburg

{"title":"Exploring the intersection of autism spectrum disorder and eating disorders: understanding the unique challenges and treatment considerations for autistic women with eating disorders.","authors":"Sabrina S Schröder, Unna N Danner, Annelies A Spek, Annemarie A van Elburg","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000894","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000894","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Autistic women struggle with high levels of both autistic eating behaviours and disordered eating behaviours , which might make them particularly vulnerable to develop eating disorders. Research investigating the presence and characteristics of eating disorders in autistic women is however limited, as is research examining the role of autism in the treatment and recovery of an eating disorder in autistic women.Recent findings: The link between autism and eating disorders has mainly been investigated from the field of eating disorder research, with studies finding an overrepresentation of autism or autistic traits in eating disorders populations. Findings also suggest that autism or autistic traits are associated with a more serious presentation of the eating disorders, including a higher chance of a chronic course of the eating disorders. Most studies however lack comprehensive autism assessments, making it difficult to determine the actual prevalence of autism and its role in women with eating disorders.Summary: Autistic women with an eating disorder seem to suffer from more complex eating disorders and seem to not benefit from current treatment modalities. This could be partly related to specific autism characteristics such as sensory sensitivities, which are not being considered by current treatment protocols. Future research needs to shed light on what underlies the eating behaviours of autistic women with an eating disorder, in order to help to adapt current treatment modalities to meet the unique needs of these women.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"419-426"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41107495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eating disorders in transgender and gender diverse people: characteristics, assessment, and management. 跨性别和性别多样化人群的饮食失调：特征、评估和管理。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000902

Anna Keski-Rahkonen

{"title":"Eating disorders in transgender and gender diverse people: characteristics, assessment, and management.","authors":"Anna Keski-Rahkonen","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000902","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000902","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review summarizes recent research on eating disorders among gender minorities, transgender and gender diverse people. The focus is on research published in 2022 and the first half of 2023.Recent findings: Up to 1.2% of young people and 0.3-0.5% of adults identify as transgender, and 2.7-8.4% of young people and 0.3-4.5% of adults report some degree of gender diversity. About 20-50% of transgender and gender diverse people report engaging in disordered eating and >30% screen positive for eating disorder symptoms, and 2-12% have received an eating disorder diagnosis from a health professional. Many transgender and gender diverse people describe eating disorder symptoms as a way of coping with gender dysphoria. They also report high levels of mental and behavioral symptoms, particularly mood and anxiety disorders, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, trauma-related symptoms and disorders, alcohol and substance use, and autism. Gender minorities frequently experience discrimination, victimization, and violence, primarily sexual and physical violence. The minority stress model attributes mental health symptoms to these factors. Promising interventions based on the minority stress model have recently become available, but more research is needed on how to support transgender and gender diverse people with eating disorders. To manage eating disorders in this population, gender-affirming care should be combined with specialist eating disorder treatment.Summary: Gender minorities are at high risk for eating disorders. Future studies should assess what is the most appropriate treatment for transgender and gender diverse people with eating disorders.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"412-418"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41129651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How to address physical activity and exercise during treatment from eating disorders: a scoping review. 如何解决饮食失调治疗期间的体育活动和锻炼：范围界定综述。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000892

Therese Fostervold Mathisen, Phillipa Hay, Solfrid Bratland-Sanda

{"title":"How to address physical activity and exercise during treatment from eating disorders: a scoping review.","authors":"Therese Fostervold Mathisen, Phillipa Hay, Solfrid Bratland-Sanda","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000892","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000892","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This scoping review aimed to provide a recent update on how to address dysfunctional physical activity and exercise (DEx), and on effects and experiences from including supervised and adapted physical activity or exercise (PAE), during treatment of eating disorders.Recent findings: A systematic search for peer-reviewed publications in the period 2021-2023 generated 10 original studies and 6 reviews, including one meta-analysis (reporting according to PRISMA and SWiM). Findings showed that DEx was effectively managed by use of psychoeducation and/or PAE. Inclusion of PAE as part of treatment showed low-to-moderate impact on health and positive or neutral effects on eating disorder psychopathology. There were no reports of adverse events. For individuals with anorexia nervosa, PAE improved physical fitness with no influence on body weight or body composition unless progressive resistance training was conducted. For individuals with bulimia nervosa, DEx was reduced simultaneously with increased functional exercise and successful implementation of physical activity recommendations during treatment. Experiences by individuals with eating disorders and clinicians, including accredited exercise physiologists, pointed to positive benefits by including PAE in treatment.Summary: Lack of consensus about DEx and of recommendations for PAE in official treatment guidelines hinder adequate approaches to these issues in eating disorder treatment.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"427-437"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bd/80/coip-36-427.PMC10552818.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10147572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder and autism: epidemiology, etiology, complications, treatment, and outcome. 回避限制性食物摄入障碍与自闭症：流行病学、病因、并发症、治疗和结果。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000896

Anna Keski-Rahkonen, Anu Ruusunen

{"title":"Avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder and autism: epidemiology, etiology, complications, treatment, and outcome.","authors":"Anna Keski-Rahkonen, Anu Ruusunen","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000896","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000896","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: There is considerable overlap between the features of avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) and autism. The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an overview of studies published on ARFID and autism in 2022 and the first half of 2023.Recent findings: ARFID and autism are highly heritable conditions that often co-occur. In a large autism cohort, 21% of participants and 17% of their parents presented with avoidant-restrictive features. Of children diagnosed with ARFID, 8.2-54.8% are autistic. More than half of individuals with ARFID also have other neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, or somatic diagnoses. Anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and learning difficulties are particularly common co-occurring issues. Various strategies have been developed to support autistic children with feeding difficulties. It appears that their feeding difficulties, particularly sensory sensitivities, food preferences, and mealtime rituals and routines frequently persist into adolescence and adulthood, but research on optimal support for adults and adolescents is still scarce. Untreated ARFID in autistic individuals may lead to serious complications.Summary: Individuals seeking specialist care for autism, eating disorders, or gender dysphoria should be screened for ARFID. More research is needed on how to support autistic adolescents and adults with features of ARFID.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"438-442"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41106703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Update on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders among older people. 老年人饮食失调的流行病学和治疗的最新情况。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-19 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000893

Barbara Mangweth-Matzek, Kai K Kummer, Hans W Hoek

{"title":"Update on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders among older people.","authors":"Barbara Mangweth-Matzek, Kai K Kummer, Hans W Hoek","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000893","DOIUrl":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000893","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: We reviewed the recent literature on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders among middle-aged and older women and men.Recent findings: Recent studies show that among older female persons, the prevalence rates with full diagnoses of eating disorders based on DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria are between 2.1 and 7.7%, and among older men less than 1%. These studies show that the prevalence of eating disorders decreases by age in women, but it does not get towards zero even in very high age. Middle age, with a peak around 50, is also a critical time for the occurrence of eating disorders in men. Women who reported severe menopausal symptoms showed more eating disorder pathology compared with those with low symptoms during menopausal transition.Summary: Eating disorders do occur in middle and older age of both sexes. Shame and stigmatization have decreased, and medical awareness and explicit assessment of eating behavior in all age groups have developed. What puberty is for eating disorders in adolescence and young age is menopausal transition for midlife women. Also in men, associations with hormonal disturbances are possible. Treatment approaches should consider treatment strategies tailored to older women and men, addressing the context of midlife and aging.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"405-411"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9845060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical dilemmas of mental healthcare for migrants and refugees. 移民和难民心理保健的伦理困境。

IF 6.9 2区医学

Current Opinion in Psychiatry Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000886

Meryam Schouler-Ocak, Graef-Calliess Iris T

{"title":"Ethical dilemmas of mental healthcare for migrants and refugees.","authors":"Meryam Schouler-Ocak, Graef-Calliess Iris T","doi":"10.1097/YCO.0000000000000886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000886","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review will discuss the current development of ethical dilemmas in psychiatry in the care of migrants and refugees. The world is in times of increasing conflicts and disasters, which are leading to increased migration and flight. In dealing with patients, psychiatrists have their own codes of ethics. The purpose of developing codes of ethics is to serve educational and regulatory functions and to provide explicit and visible standards for the professional conduct of psychiatrists.Recent findings: The codes of ethics are more recognised and required as standards in the form of guiding ethical principles on duties and rights as well as explicit rules. However, in the case of migrants and refugees, ethical principles are suspended in many places, exposing patients to different barriers.Summary: Many National Psychiatric Associations have adopted the World Psychiatric Association or European Psychiatric Association Code of Ethics for Psychiatry. However, migrants and refugees still do not have the same rights and opportunities to access mental healthcare as well as preventive measures and thus equal treatment due to various barriers. Not only is equal treatment suspended in comparison to native patients, but also access to care between migrants and refugees from different regions of origin for various reasons. This invalidates the ethical principles.","PeriodicalId":11022,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Psychiatry","volume":"36 5","pages":"366-370"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10297210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1