Current oncology最新文献

{"title":"A Recurrent Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Harboring an EML4-ALK Fusion Mutation with Sustained Response to Ensartinib: A Case Report.","authors":"Hao Jiang, Tengfei Zhu, Zenghao Chang, Ziyu Liu, Wei Ou, Siyu Wang","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030163","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine tumor. Lung cancer patients with ALK and EML4 fusions respond significantly to ALK inhibitors. The EML4-ALK fusion gene mutation is the result of an inversion of chromosome 2, which juxtaposes the 5 end of the EML4 gene with the 3 end of the ALK gene. In SCLC, the frequency of fusion genes is very low, and to the best of our knowledge, only four cases of ALK fusion gene mutations in SCLC have been reported. In this report, we describe the treatment of a 74-year-old female patient with SCLC who developed recurrence of hilar lymph node metastasis three years after surgical resection. Postoperative NGS showed that this patient is a SCLC patient harboring a rare EML4-ALK fusion mutation, and a satisfactory 43-month overall survival (OS) was achieved after treatment with ensartinib targeting the EML4-ALK fusion gene mutation. The ALK-TKI may be a new treatment option for these patients. This article provides a therapeutic reference.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Challenging Scenario of Cancer Treatment for People with HIV: Clinical Experience with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.","authors":"Tindara Franchina, Patrizia Carroccio, Ylenia Russotto, Mariapia Marafioti, Paola Muscolino, Francesco Monaco, Antonio Bottari, Silvana Parisi, Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò, Massimiliano Berretta","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030164","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, there has been a notable increase in the utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer care, transforming the therapeutic landscape for several types of solid tumors. This development has not only expanded the indications for treatment but has also significantly influenced management strategies and prognostic outcomes for specific subsets of cancer patients. In contrast to the general population of cancer patients, individuals diagnosed with both HIV and cancer encounter significant differences in treatment approaches and outcomes. Consequently, this population demonstrates a significantly increased rate of specific mortality for several common types of cancer. Recent studies have reported significant insights into the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors among this patient group. However, the data remain insufficient, and there are still recognized barriers and limitations regarding the use of these agents in cancer patients. Real-world data and reports from clinical practice offer critical perspectives, enabling the sharing of clinical experiences and assisting in navigating complex management decisions. This report outlines two cases of patients with concurrent HIV and cancer who were administered ICIs in diverse clinical settings, highlighting the necessity of cooperation between oncologists and HIV specialists to provide patients with cutting-edge and increasingly tailored treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental Reports on Late Effects and Follow-Up Needs: A Single-Center Assessment of Childhood Cancer Survivorship Care in Kenya.","authors":"Susan Nyabate Mageto, Jesse P M Lemmen, Festus Muigai Njuguna, Nancy Midiwo, Sandra Cheptoo Langat, Terry Allan Vik, Gertjan J L Kaspers","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030162","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer will likely increase the number of childhood cancer survivors in resource-poor countries. This study explored survivorship care in Kenya through parental reports on late effects and the follow-up needs of childhood cancer survivors. Parents of Kenyan childhood cancer survivors (under 18 years old) who completed treatment for at least one year were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires from 2021 to 2022. Parents of 54 survivors were interviewed. Survivors had solid tumors (52%) and hematological tumors (48%). Most (52%) received chemotherapy combined with either surgery or radiotherapy. Many survivors (72%) experienced symptoms according to their parents. The most prevalent symptoms were pain (37%), fatigue (26%), and ocular problems (26%). Eleven percent of parents observed limitations in the daily activities of the survivors. Parents of survivors with two or more symptoms were more likely to rate symptoms as moderate to severe (<i>p</i> = 0.016). Parents expressed concern about late effects (48%). Only 28% were informed about late effects at the hospital, despite 87% indicating they would have welcomed this information. Follow-up care was deemed important by 98%. Recommendations included providing education about late effects and organizing survivor meetings. Survivorship clinics should be established to ensure that follow-up information and care are accessible.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Life Efficacy of Palbociclib and Ribociclib in Advanced Breast Cancer.","authors":"Tugay Avci, Mustafa Sahbazlar, Ferhat Ekinci, Atike Pinar Erdogan","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030161","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Clinical trials in metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR+) human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative patients have shown that cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK 4/6) inhibitors both increase response rates and provide survival benefits. The efficacy of these therapies needs to be supported by real-life data. In this study, we aimed to evaluate treatment response, survival and affecting factors in patients with HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who were followed up with CDK 4/6 inhibitors in our center. <b>Materials and methods:</b> A retrospective analysis of 120 patients with HR+/HER2- MBC treated with ribociclib or palbociclib in combination with letrozole or fulvestrant was performed. <b>Results:</b> Median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 24 months in the general population, 27 months in the ribociclib arm and 20 months in the palbociclib arm, with no significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) in both arms (<i>p</i> = 0.25). The mPFS was longer in the ribociclib + letrozole arm compared to palbociclib + letrozole (27 vs. 20 months, respectively). PFS was also longer in patients receiving ribociclib + fulvestrant compared to palbociclib + fulvestrant but not statistically significant (33 vs. 21 months, respectively). Median overall survival (mOS) was not reached, but 3-year overall survival (OS) was statistically significantly longer in the ribociclib arm (87% vs. 55.5%, respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.03). <b>Conclusion</b>: Palbociclib and ribociclib are first-line treatment options for metastatic HR+/HER2- disease and have similar efficacy. In our study, while the mPFS was not statistically significant in both arms, the 3-year OS rate was higher in the ribociclib arm and statistically significant. Our findings were confirmed in randomized studies comparing both agents head-to-head.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety Levels Among Women Undergoing Mammogram Screening.","authors":"Wedad M Almutairi, Salwa Hassan Alzahrani","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030160","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women around the world. In Saudi Arabia, breast cancer remains a challenging health problem which accounted for 31.7% of all cancer cases in Saudi females, with an age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of 29.7 and an estimated death rate of 9.67 per 100,000 Saudi women in 2022. Early detection is confirmed to be the best practice for better prognosis. Mammography screening is one of the most effective methods of early detection. However, anxiety about mammogram screening may affect early detection. There is a lack of studies regarding the psychological impact, such as anxiety, on women who undergo mammogram screening in Saudi Arabia. <b>Thus, the aim of this study</b> is to assess the level of anxiety and its contributing factors in women who undergo mammogram screening at Breast Cancer Screening Centers in Saudi Arabia. <b>Design:</b> A descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted. <b>Setting:</b> Mammogram clinics in East Jeddah Hospital and King Fahad Hospital. <b>Sample:</b> A convenience sample of 218 was collected. The data were collected from March 2023 to July 2023. <b>Tools:</b> The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and the Psychological Consequence Questionnaire (PCQ). <b>Result:</b> Based on the PSWQ scale, the total mean of the anxiety level in our sample was mild anxiety (mean = 43.4, SD = 11.4). Based on the PCQ, the results demonstrated that physical, emotional, and social factors were significantly associated with the anxiety level, respectively (r = 0.4, <i>p</i> = 0.001; r = 0.489, <i>p</i> = 0.001; r = 0.337, <i>p</i> = 0.001). <b>Conclusions and recommendations:</b> Saudi women showed mild anxiety levels during mammogram screening. The physical, emotional, and social factors impact the anxiety level in women undergoing mammogram screening, which might explain the low rate of mammogram screening adherence in Saudi Arabia.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting m⁶A RNA Modification in Tumor Therapeutics.","authors":"Zhenwei Mao, Min Li, Shengjun Wang","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030159","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalent eukaryotic RNA modification N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A), which is distributed in more than 50% of cases, has demonstrated significant implications in both normal development and disease progression, particularly in the context of cancer. This review aims to discuss the potential efficacy of targeting tumor cells through modulation of m⁶A RNA levels. Specifically, we discuss how the upregulation or downregulation of integral or specific targets is effective in treating different tumor types and patients. Additionally, we will cover the factors influencing the efficacy of m⁶A RNA targeting in tumor treatment. Our review will focus on the impact of targeting m⁶A mRNA on genes and cells and assess its potential as a therapeutic strategy for tumors. Despite the challenges involved, further research on m⁶A RNA in tumors and its integration with existing tumor therapy approaches is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioelectromagnetism for Cancer Treatment-Modulated Electro-Hyperthermia.","authors":"Andras Szasz","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030158","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioelectromagnetism has the potential to revolutionize cancer treatment by providing a noninvasive, targeted, and potentially more effective complement to traditional therapies. Among bioelectromagnetic techniques, modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) stands out due to its unique characteristics, which have been supported by experimental evidence and clinical validation. Unlike conventional hyperthermia methods, mEHT leverages nonthermal bioelectromagnetic processes, offering a distinct and promising approach in oncology. This differentiation underscores the broader potential for bioelectromagnetic applications in cancer treatment, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mark3 a Prognostic Marker for the Endometrial Cancer.","authors":"Yudan Wang, Liyuan Guo","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030157","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecologic cancers, with an increasing incidence due to variables such as aging and lifestyle changes. Current biomarkers exhibit limited prognostic value, despite advancements in understanding their molecular basis, underscoring the necessity for new molecular markers. Microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3 (MARK3) has been identified as a potential candidate owing to its established prognostic significance in various cancers; however, its function in endometrial cancer (EC) is not yet well understood. <b>Methods:</b> This study investigates the function of MARK3 in endometrial cancer through the analysis of Ishikawa and HEC-1B cell lines. A series of assays were conducted, including colony formation, CCK-8 viability, EDU proliferation assays, scratch wound healing tests, and Transwell migration assays, to investigate the effects of MARK3 overexpression. We conducted RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assays to evaluate the molecular mechanisms influencing cell proliferation and migration. Bioinformatics analysis utilized publicly available datasets to examine the gene enrichment and co-expression networks. <b>Results:</b> The overexpression of MARK3 markedly reduced colony formation in both Ishikawa (<i>p</i> = 0.0039) and HEC-1B (<i>p</i> = 0.0014) cell lines. Furthermore, the overexpression of MARK3 led to decreased cell viability, as demonstrated by the EDU assay results (Ishikawa-OE <i>p</i> = 0.0302; HEC-OE <i>p</i> = 0.0037). The molecular analysis supported these findings, indicating an increase in phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), thereby suggesting MARK3's role in regulating cell survival pathways. Gene enrichment analysis revealed pathways associated with cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, whereas co-expression analysis pinpointed critical interacting genes that may play a role in EC progression. <b>Conclusions:</b> MARK3 is essential in the regulation of cell proliferation and migration in endometrial cancer, positioning it as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. This study represents the inaugural investigation into the functional role of MARK3 in endothelial cell progression, thereby enhancing our comprehension of its mechanistic influence on cancer biology and its implications for personalized therapy. Bioinformatics analysis reinforces the relevance of MARK3 in endometrial cancer, offering new insights into its clinical significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenal Insufficiency Induced by Continued Abiraterone Acetate Use in a Prostate Cancer Patient in Remission: The Dangers of Unmonitored Long-Term Therapy Without Corticosteroids.","authors":"Ahmed S Mohamed, Ahmad R Awwad, Angel Ann Chacko, Shraboni Dey, Brianna Braithwaite, Ruchi Bhuju, Sameh Elias","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030156","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report presents a rare occurrence of adrenal insufficiency induced by Zytiga (abiraterone acetate) in a patient with high-risk localized prostatic adenocarcinoma. Abiraterone acetate is a potent, selective and irreversible CYP17A1 inhibitor and is commonly used in the treatment of prostate cancer, but it can cause various endocrine side effects, especially if not used concurrently with the appropriate treatment. The clinical implications of this adverse event and management strategies are discussed here in this case report to raise awareness about this potential risk in patients with prostate cancer undergoing treatment with abiraterone acetate, especially when used in an erroneous manner without monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators to Delivering Multifactorial Risk Assessment and Communication for Personalized Breast Cancer Screening: A Qualitative Study Exploring Implementation in Canada.","authors":"Meghan J Walker, Anna Neely, Antonis C Antoniou, Mireille J M Broeders, Jennifer D Brooks, Tim Carver, Jocelyne Chiquette, Douglas F Easton, Andrea Eisen, Laurence Eloy, D Gareth R Evans, Samantha Fienberg, Yann Joly, Raymond H Kim, Bartha M Knoppers, Aisha K Lofters, Hermann Nabi, Nora Pashayan, Tracy L Stockley, Michel Dorval, Jacques Simard, Anna M Chiarelli","doi":"10.3390/curroncol32030155","DOIUrl":"10.3390/curroncol32030155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many jurisdictions are considering a shift to risk-stratified breast cancer screening; however, evidence on the feasibility of implementing it on a population scale is needed. We conducted a prospective cohort study in the PERSPECTIVE I&I project to produce evidence on risk-stratified breast screening and recruited 3753 participants to undergo multifactorial risk assessment from 2019-2021. This qualitative study explored the perspectives of study personnel on barriers and facilitators to delivering multifactorial risk assessment and risk communication. One focus group and three one-on-one interviews were conducted and a thematic analysis conducted which identified five themes: (1) barriers and facilitators to recruitment for multifactorial risk assessment, (2) barriers and facilitators to completion of the risk factor questionnaire, (3) additional resources required to implement multifactorial risk assessment, (4) the need for a person-centered approach, and (5) and risk literacy. While risk assessment and communication processes were successful overall, key barriers were identified including challenges with collecting comprehensive breast cancer risk factor information and limited resources to execute data collection and risk communication activities on a large scale. Risk assessment and communication processes will need to be optimized for large-scale implementation to ensure they are efficient but robust and person-centered.</p>","PeriodicalId":11012,"journal":{"name":"Current oncology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11941251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}