Current opinion in pediatrics最新文献_第8页

Management of undescended testis. 睾丸下垂的治疗

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001387

Seth Saylors, Tolulope A Oyetunji

{"title":"Management of undescended testis.","authors":"Seth Saylors, Tolulope A Oyetunji","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000001387","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Describe why this review is timely and relevant.Undescended testis, or cryptorchidism, is a common diagnosis encountered by pediatricians that requires timely collaboration with pediatric surgical specialists to optimize outcomes for these patients. As this topic continues to be heavily researched, it is imperative to understand current recommendations and emerging management options including new surgical techniques, as well as common pitfalls in care highlighted in the literature.Recent findings: Describe the main themes in the literature covered by the article.This review primarily examines current practice in management including delays in surgical referral, with unnecessary imaging being a key factor that delays time to surgery. This review briefly discusses the diagnosis of undescended testis and the various surgical techniques used including the more recently proposed laparoscopic staged traction orchiopexy (Shehata technique). The ineffectiveness of hormonal therapy is also addressed.Summary: describe the implications of the findings for clinical practice or research.This review emphasizes prompt evaluation and diagnosis of undescended testis to facilitate appropriately timed surgical intervention, which plays a major role in outcomes for these patients. Identifying patients at risk of delayed referral is an area of focus for improvement, along with better resource utilization with fewer imaging. Familiarization of surgical options can also facilitate better patient education and provider understanding of risks/benefits.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neonatal skin health and associated dermatological conditions. 新生儿皮肤健康及相关皮肤病。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001372

Shawheen J Rezaei, Danny Linggonegoro, Shehla Admani

{"title":"Neonatal skin health and associated dermatological conditions.","authors":"Shawheen J Rezaei, Danny Linggonegoro, Shehla Admani","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001372","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001372","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review describes recent developments in neonatal skincare management and situates these findings within the preexisting literature on neonatal dermatology.Recent findings: The studies included in this review expand research methods evaluating skincare management to different contexts across the world. Several studies explore the roles of emollient therapy, disinfection, and skin-to-skin contact on improving neonates' long-term health outcomes. Recent findings also assess the impact of neonatal interventions on atopic dermatitis risk later in life as well as epidemiological and microbiome variables that may predict this risk. Additionally, updates on various dermatological conditions unique to neonates are discussed in further detail.Summary: Neonatal skincare management differs in notable ways from that of other age groups. The presentation of dermatologic diseases as well as the rare conditions that affect neonates make their clinical management unique. The recent literature on neonatal dermatology can help inform clinicians regarding important considerations in treating their neonatal population.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"418-424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tools for history taking for adolescents. 青少年病史采集工具。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001360

Areej Hassan, Carly E Guss

引用次数: 0

Linear growth in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. 患有先天性肾上腺皮质增生症的儿童和青少年的线性生长。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001361

Martin O Savage

{"title":"Linear growth in children and adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.","authors":"Martin O Savage","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001361","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001361","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a relatively common disorder and one of the most challenging conditions seen by pediatric endocrinologists. Poor linear growth in CAH has been recognized for many years. There are new insights to explain this abnormality and shed light on strategies to promote normal growth.Recent findings: Published data suggest that the dose of hydrocortisone during two critical periods of rapid growth, namely infancy and at puberty, has a fundamental effect on growth velocity, and by definition adult height. To prevent over-treatment, hydrocortisone dosage should remain within the range of 10-15 mg/m 2 body surface area per day. Precursor steroids such as 17-hydroxy progesterone (17OHP) should not be suppressed to undetectable levels. In fact, 17OHP should always be measurable, as complete suppression suggests over-treatment.Summary: CAH is a challenging disorder. High-quality compliance within the consultation setting, with the patient seeing the same specialist at every visit, will be rewarded by improved long-term growth potential. Quality auxological monitoring can avoid phases of growth suppression. New therapy with CRH receptor antagonists may lead to a more nuanced approach by allowing fine tuning of hydrocortisone replacement without the need to suppress ACTH secretion.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"463-466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Semaglutide for management of obesity in adolescents: efficacy, safety, and considerations for clinical practice. 塞马鲁肽治疗青少年肥胖症：疗效、安全性和临床实践中的注意事项。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001365

Megan O Bensignor, Silva Arslanian, Mary Ellen Vajravelu

{"title":"Semaglutide for management of obesity in adolescents: efficacy, safety, and considerations for clinical practice.","authors":"Megan O Bensignor, Silva Arslanian, Mary Ellen Vajravelu","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001365","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001365","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to describe the existing limited data related to the use of semaglutide in adolescents with obesity, supplementing with findings from adult studies of semaglutide use.Recent findings: Semaglutide, as a once weekly subcutaneous injection for weight management, effectively reduces body mass index (BMI) while improving hyperglycemia, elevated alanine aminotransferase levels, hyperlipidemia, and quality of life in youth with obesity. As of this review, only one large randomized clinical trial of semaglutide in youth has been completed, with a follow-up duration of 68 weeks. Thus, long-term data on the safety in adolescents is limited, particularly regarding the risks of cholelithiasis, pancreatitis, suicidal ideation, and disordered eating. Due to the cost of semaglutide, particularly in the United States, limited cost effectiveness analyses have demonstrated unfavorable incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for semaglutide relative to phentermine-topiramate as an alternative antiobesity medication in adolescents.Summary: Semaglutide represents an important advance in the pediatric obesity management, with clear short-term reductions in BMI and improvement in metabolic parameters. However, its long-term safety and efficacy for youth with obesity remain to be demonstrated. Additional research is needed to assess trends in utilization and adherence to minimize the risk of worsening socioeconomic disparities in pediatric obesity.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"449-455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11222026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nevi - when to refer. Nevi - 何时转诊。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001375

Saloni A Shah, Marla N Jahnke

引用次数: 0

Biochemical monitoring of 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a clinical utility of overnight fasting urine pregnanetriol. 21- 羟化酶缺乏症的生化监测：隔夜空腹尿液孕三醇的临床实用性。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001369

Yukihiro Hasegawa, Tomoyo Itonaga, Tomohiro Ishii, Masako Izawa, Naoko Amano

{"title":"Biochemical monitoring of 21-hydroxylase deficiency: a clinical utility of overnight fasting urine pregnanetriol.","authors":"Yukihiro Hasegawa, Tomoyo Itonaga, Tomohiro Ishii, Masako Izawa, Naoko Amano","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001369","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001369","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: 21-Hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD), the most common form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia, is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by pathogenic variants in CYP21A2 . Although this disorder has been known for several decades, many challenges related to its monitoring and treatment remain to be addressed. The present review is written to describe an overview of biochemical monitoring of this entity, with particular focus on overnight fasting urine pregnanetriol.Recent findings: We have conducted a decade-long research project to investigate methods of monitoring 21-OHD in children. Our latest studies on this topic have recently been published. One is a review of methods for monitoring 21-OHD. The other was to demonstrate that measuring the first morning PT level may be more practical and useful for biochemical monitoring of 21-OHD. The first morning pregnanetriol (PT), which was previously reported to reflect a long-term auxological data during the prepubertal period, correlated more significantly than the other timing PT in this study, with 17-OHP, before the morning medication.Summary: In conclusion, although the optimal method of monitoring this disease is still uncertain, the use of overnight fasting urine pregnanetriol (P3) as a marker of 21-OHD is scientifically sound and may be clinically practical.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"456-462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The increase in diabetes in children from underdeveloped countries. 不发达国家儿童糖尿病发病率上升。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001366

Cai Zhang, Xiaoping Luo

{"title":"The increase in diabetes in children from underdeveloped countries.","authors":"Cai Zhang, Xiaoping Luo","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001366","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001366","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children and adolescents has been increased over decades worldwide. Recent studies showed that the trend of T1D incidences were different between developed and underdeveloped countries. This review aimed to summarize the changes of childhood T1D incidences in underdeveloped countries over the past decade.Recent findings: Majority of the underdeveloped countries lacked of nationwide population-based studies on childhood T1D. We reviewed the trend of childhood T1D in important underdeveloped countries with available data in recent years. The incidences of childhood T1D in underdeveloped countries were low decades ago, but it increased significantly recently, particularly in the sub-Saharan African, Middle East and North African regions.Summary: The incidences of childhood T1D increased significantly in underdeveloped countries, especially in the sub-Saharan African, Middle East and North African regions. T1D registry and population-based studies are helpful to understand the situation and characteristic of childhood T1D in underdeveloped countries.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"467-472"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11224563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vulvar skin disease in the pediatric population. 儿童外阴皮肤病。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001370

Taylor Griffith, Madeline Hunt, Kalyani Marathe

{"title":"Vulvar skin disease in the pediatric population.","authors":"Taylor Griffith, Madeline Hunt, Kalyani Marathe","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001370","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001370","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Vulvar skin disease is an underrecognized pediatric condition encompassing a wide range of conditions, from isolated vulvar disease to vulvar manifestations of systemic illnesses. This review highlights the most current research discussing clinical features, risk factors, and treatments.Recent findings: Recent studies confirm that labial adhesions resolve more quickly with estrogen treatment. Topical corticosteroids remain first-line for treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus, and some procedural interventions are showing promising results. Latest evidence shows efficacy of biologic agents in hidradenitis suppurativa and vulvar Crohn's. Vaginal voiding remains an underrecognized cause of irritant vulvovaginitis. Lately vulvar aphthae have been associated with coronavirus disease 2019. Distinguishing between infantile perianal pyramidal protrusion, molluscum, and condyloma can be aided by differences in morphologic features.Summary: Vulvar dermatoses have a high impact on children's health and wellbeing. Clinician familiarity with recognition and latest advancements in vulvar dermatoses can aid in prompt diagnosis, management, and appropriate referrals. Vulvar biopsy and vaginal cultures should be used prudently. Treatments include topicals, behavioral modification, systemic medications, and procedures.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"400-405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of sleep and mental health in adolescence: an overview. 睡眠对青少年心理健康的影响：概述。

IF 2.2 3区医学

Current opinion in pediatrics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001358

Michelle Woodfield, Nanci Ginty Butler, Michael Tsappis

{"title":"Impact of sleep and mental health in adolescence: an overview.","authors":"Michelle Woodfield, Nanci Ginty Butler, Michael Tsappis","doi":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001358","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MOP.0000000000001358","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Sleep deprivation is known to affect multiple aspects of mental health, physical health, and daily functioning. With increasing reports of sleep disturbances and increasing mental health needs in adolescents, it is imperative that healthcare providers have a strong understanding of the relationship between sleep and mental health, the impact of poor sleep on the school experience, and an understanding of behavioral interventions targeting sleep practices.Recent findings: Recent studies have shown that the relationship between sleep and mental health is complex and multifaceted. While mental health diagnoses and symptoms can negatively influence sleep quality and quantity, so too does poor sleep increase the risk of mental health diagnoses, symptom severity, and suicide risk. Sleep likewise affects the school experience, both positively and negatively. Targeted interventions and prevention programs may be effective in treatment of sleep disturbances for adolescents.Summary: Clinicians must be aware of the above associations and their clinical implications. Patients with either mental health or sleep concerns should be screened for potential co-morbid conditions. Improving sleep hygiene practices can improve the sleep experience in adolescents, however, there remains a gap in understanding the best method to improve sleep hygiene practices in this population.","PeriodicalId":10985,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"375-381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0