Current stem cell research & therapy最新文献

{"title":"Functionalized Exosomes Promote Neural Differentiation of P19 Cells by Activating the Wnt Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Xue Wang,&nbsp;Sisi Mi,&nbsp;Jiaxin Gao,&nbsp;Yu Liu,&nbsp;Zhongquan Qi","doi":"10.2174/1574888X18666230525141905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X18666230525141905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Global population growth and population aging continue to accelerate, and lead to a further increase in the risk of neurological diseases worldwide. Extracellular vesicles secreted by mesenchymal stem cells carry many proteins, lipids, and genetic material that mediate cell-to-cell communication and improve therapeutic outcomes for neurological disorders. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth are considered a suitable cell source for tissue regeneration, which exerts therapeutic effects via the secretion of exosomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was performed to assess the effect of functionalized exosomes on neural differentiation of embryonic carcinoma cell line P19. We stimulated stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth with the glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor TWS119 and then extracted its exosomes. P19 cells were induced to differentiate using functionalized exosomes, and the biological functions and involved signaling pathways of differentially expressed genes were analyzed by RNA-sequencing. Immunofluorescence techniques detected neuronal specific markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that TWS119 activated the Wnt signaling pathway in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. RNA-sequencing showed that upregulated differentially expressed genes in the functionalized exosome-treated group were responsible for cell differentiation, neurofilament, and structural constituent of the synapse. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed that the functionalized exosome-treated group activated the Wnt signaling pathway. Immunofluorescence showed that functionalized exosomes induced neurite outgrowth in P19 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrated that functionalized exosomes promoted neural differentiation of P19 cells by activating the Wnt signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9524150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depletion of DAND5 Hinders EMT in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation.","authors":"João von Gilsa Lopes,&nbsp;José M Inácio,&nbsp;Sara Marques,&nbsp;Sabrina B Añez,&nbsp;José A Belo","doi":"10.2174/1574888X18666230516154113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X18666230516154113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dand5 encodes a protein that acts as an antagonist to Nodal/TGF-β and Wnt pathways. A mouse knockout (KO) model has shown that this molecule is associated with left-right asymmetry and cardiac development, with its depletion causing heterotaxia and cardiac hyperplasia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms affected by the depletion of Dand5.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DAND5-KO and wild-type embryoid bodies (EBs) were used to assess genetic expression with RNA sequencing. To complement the expression results that pointed towards differences in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), we evaluated migration and cell attachment. Lastly, in vivo valve development was investigated, as it was an established model of EMT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DAND5-KO EBs progress faster through differentiation. The differences in expression will lead to differences in the expression of genes involved with Notch and Wnt signalling pathways, as well as changes in the expression of genes encoding membrane proteins. Such changes were accompanied by lower migratory rates in DAND5-KO EBs, as well as higher concentrations of focal adhesions. Within valve development, Dand5 is expressed in the myocardium underlying future valve sites, and its depletion compromises correct valve structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DAND5 range of action goes beyond early development. Its absence leads to significantly different expression patterns in vitro and defects in EMT and migration. These results have an in vivo translation in mouse heart valve development. Knowledge regarding the influence of DAND5 in EMT and cell transformation allows further understanding of its role in development, or even in some disease contexts, such as congenital heart defects.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9469698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WITHDRAWN: Transdifferentiation of Human Neonatal Foreskin Fibroblasts into Keratinocyte-like Cells via Regulating the AKT/P53/WNT/LEF1 Axis","authors":"Hongqing Zhao, Peng Luo, Xinzhu Liu, Jiachen Sun, Zhisheng Li, Kun Zhang, Chuan'an Shen","doi":"10.2174/1574888X18666230307104051","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1574888X18666230307104051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been\u0000withdrawn from the journal Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy.</p><p><p>Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused.</p><p><p>The Bentham editorial policy on article withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.com/pages/editorial-policies-main</p><p><strong>Bentham science disclaimer: </strong>It is a condition of publication that manuscripts submitted to this journal have not been published and will not be simultaneously\u0000submitted or published elsewhere. Furthermore, any data, illustration, structure or table that has been published\u0000elsewhere must be reported, and copyright permission for reproduction must be obtained. Plagiarism is strictly forbidden,\u0000and by submitting the article for publication the authors agree that the publishers have the legal right to take appropriate\u0000action against the authors, if plagiarism or fabricated information is discovered. By submitting a manuscript, the authors\u0000agree that the copyright of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10839296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem Cell Application for Stress Urinary Incontinence: From Bench to Bedside.","authors":"Meng Liu,&nbsp;Ying Wang,&nbsp;Guo Gao,&nbsp;Wei-Xin Zhao,&nbsp;Qiang Fu","doi":"10.2174/1574888X17666220304213057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X17666220304213057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common urinary system disease worldwide. Nowadays, medical therapy and surgery can control the symptoms and improve the life quality of patients. However, they might also bring about complications as the standard therapy fails to address the underlying problem of urethral sphincter dysfunction. Recent advances in cell technology have aroused interest in the use of autologous stem cell therapy to restore the ability of urinary control. The present study reviewed several types of stem cells for the treatment of SUI in the experimental and clinical stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9426031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of Stem Cell Therapy in Intervertebral Disc Disease: Clinical Perspective.","authors":"Ayshe Hajiesmailpoor,&nbsp;Omid Mohamadi,&nbsp;Payam Emami,&nbsp;Gholamreza Farzanegan,&nbsp;Masoud Ghorbani","doi":"10.2174/1574888X17666220628123912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X17666220628123912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intervertebral Disc Degeneration (IDD) is recognized as an aging process, an important and most common pathological condition caused by an imbalance of anabolic and catabolic metabolisms in the Intervertebral Disc (IVD), and leads to changes in the Extracellular Matrix (ECM), impaired metabolic regulation of Nucleus Pulposus (NP), and increased oxidative stress. IDD is mostly associated with pain in the back and neck, which is referred to as a type of disability. Pharmacological and surgical interventions are currently used to treat IDD, but evidence has shown that these interventions do not have the ability to inhibit the progression of IDD and restore IVD function because IVD lacks the intrinsic capacity for regeneration. Thus, therapies that rely on a degenerative cell repair mechanism may be a viable alternative strategy. Biological interventions have been assessed by attempting to regenerate IVD by restoring ECM and cellular function. Over the past decade, stem cell-based therapies have been considered, and promising results have been obtained in various studies. Given this, we reviewed clinical trials and preliminary studies of biological disc repair with a focus on stem cell therapy-based therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9491707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Juvenile Macaques Reversed the Serum Protein Expression Profile in Aged Macaques.","authors":"Qianqian Yu,&nbsp;Chuan Tian,&nbsp;Guanke Lv,&nbsp;Qingpeng Kong,&nbsp;Gonghua Li,&nbsp;Guangxu Zhu,&nbsp;Xiangqing Zhu,&nbsp;Xinghua Pan","doi":"10.2174/1574888X17666220429111218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X17666220429111218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to reveal the changes in serum protein composition and content in macaques during the process of ageing, and explore the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC) on the serum protein expression profile in elderly macaques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Naturally ageing macaques were assessed according to age. BMMSCs were intravenously infused into aged macaques. In addition, peripheral blood was collected to obtain serum for dataindependent acquisition (DIA) protein sequencing to identify aging-related indicators. One hundred eighty days after macaques received BMMSC treatment, haemoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe the morphology and structure of aortic arches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to infant and young control macaques, aged macaques showed erythema on the face, dry skin, reduced amounts of hair on the head and back, and paleness. Cultured BMMSCs from the 4th passage (P4 BMMSCs) were grown in accordance with standards used to culture mesenchymal stem cells. After BMMSC treatment, the assessed aortic arches showed no calcium salt deposition or cell necrosis, and the characteristics of the serum protein expression profile tended to be similar to that of the infant and young groups, with the expression of 41 proteins upregulated with age and that of 30 proteins downregulated with age but upregulated after BMMSC treatment. Moreover, we identified 44 significantly differentially expressed proteins between the aged model and treatment groups; 11 of the upregulated proteins were related to vascular ageing, neuronal ageing and haematopoiesis, and 33 of the downregulated proteins were associated with neuronal ageing, cardiovascular disease, and tumours. Interestingly, S100 expression in serum was significantly decreased, COMP expression was significantly increased, NKAP expression reappeared, and LCN2, CSF1R, CORO1C, CSTB and RSU-1 expression disappeared after BMMSC treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BMMSCs can reverse ageing-related serum protein expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9491719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of Stem Cell Exosomes and their MicroRNA Carrier in Bone and Cartilage Regeneration.","authors":"Dazhi Yang,&nbsp;Zecai Chen,&nbsp;Zhen Xu,&nbsp;Yufeng Long,&nbsp;Lei Qin,&nbsp;Weihong Yi","doi":"10.2174/1574888X17666220817093305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X17666220817093305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone and cartilage regeneration is a dynamic and complex process involving multiple cell types, such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, endothelial cells, etc. Stem cells have been proved to have an efficient capability to promote bone and cartilage regeneration and repair, but the usage of cells harbors some important safety issues, such as immune rejection and carcinogenicity. Exosomes are non-cell structures secreted from various cells. The content of exosomes is enriched with proteins, such as cytoskeleton proteins, adhesion factors, transcription factors, etc., and a variety of nucleic acids, such as mRNA (Messenger RNA), long-chain non-coding RNA, microRNA (miRNA), etc. Exosomes can deliver a variety of contents from the parent cells to the recipient cells in different tissue backgrounds, influencing the phenotype and function of the recipient cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNAs play significant roles in bone formation, suggesting that miRNAs may be novel therapeutic targets for bone and cartilage diseases. Exosomes have been shown with low/no immune rejection in vivo, no carcinogenic risk of infection, nor other side effects. In recent years, stem cell exosomes have been utilized to promote bone and cartilage regeneration processes during bone defect, bone fracture, cartilage repair, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis. In this review, we discuss different exosomes derived from stem cells and their interactions with target cells, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes and osteoclasts. We also highlight the various signaling pathways involved in stem cell exosome-related bone and cartilage regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9570397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of m6A in Osteoporosis and the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Osteoblasts and Adipocytes.","authors":"Weifei Zhang,&nbsp;Tao Ke,&nbsp;Jianjing Lin,&nbsp;Peng Liu,&nbsp;Zhiping Guan,&nbsp;Jiapeng Deng,&nbsp;Deli Wang,&nbsp;Hui Zeng","doi":"10.2174/1574888X17666220621155341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X17666220621155341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoporosis is a systemic disease in which bone mass decreases, leading to an increased risk of bone fragility and fracture. The occurrence of osteoporosis is believed to be related to the disruption of the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts and adipocytes. N6-adenylate methylation (m6A) modification is the most common type of chemical RNA modification and refers to a methylation modification formed by the nitrogen atom at position 6 of adenine (A), which is catalyzed by a methyltransferase. The main roles of m6A are the post-transcriptional level regulation of the stability, localization, transportation, splicing, and translation of RNA; these are key elements of various biological activities, including osteoporosis and the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts and adipocytes. The main focus of this review is the role of m6A in these two biological processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9677819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Induction of Caspase-dependent Apoptosis in Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Due to Di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate Toxicity was Found to Arrest the Cell Cycle at the G1 Stage.","authors":"Abnosi Mohammad Hussein,&nbsp;Sargolzaei Javad,&nbsp;Shayeganfar Zahra","doi":"10.2174/1574888X18666230106114727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X18666230106114727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is used as a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride products which is widely utilized. Previously we found, DEHP reduced the viability and proliferation ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the present study, the mechanism of DEHP toxicity was investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Rat BMSCs were cultured up to 3^rd passage and their viability was determined after treatment with 100 and 500 μM of DEHP for 24 and 48 hours. The levels of sodium, potassium, and calcium as well as induction of apoptosis were investigated. Using flow cytometry, cell cycle analysis was performed and the expression of genes involved in the cell cycle was evaluated using reverse transcriptase-PCR. Data were analyzed and <i>p</i> < 0.05 was taken as the level of significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the viability and electrolyte level of BMSCs were not affected with 100 μM of DEHP, this environmental pollution induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. In both of the concentrations, DEHP arrests the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, and the expression of Cdk2 and Cdk4 was significantly reduced whereas an over-expression of P53 was observed. However, the expression of the raf1 gene remained unchanged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DEHP induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in BMSCs and arrests the cell cycle due to the reduction of Cdk2 and Cdk4 expression via over-expression of P53.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9842108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Moyamoya Disease: Progress and Promises.","authors":"Yimeng Xue,&nbsp;Qian Zhang,&nbsp;Lin-Jian Wang,&nbsp;Wen-Jun Tu,&nbsp;Jizong Zhao","doi":"10.2174/1574888X17666220607121027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X17666220607121027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic steno-occlusion cerebrovascular disease accompanied by the formation of the abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain. The etiology of MMD is not fully clarified. Lack of pathological specimens hinders the research progress. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from patients with outstanding differentiation potential and infinite proliferation ability could conquer the problem of insufficient samples. The technology of iPSC holds the promise of clarifying the underlying molecular mechanism in the development of MMD. In this review, we summarized the latest progress and difficulties in the research of mechanism and detailed the application of iPSC in MMD, aiming to provide an outlook of iPSC in molecular mechanism and novel therapies of MMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10979,"journal":{"name":"Current stem cell research & therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9919678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}