Christopher M Belyea, Gregory Rummel, Nathan Lanham, Kevin P Krul
{"title":"Upper Extremity and Musculoskeletal Injuries Related to Videogame and Augmented Reality Game Usage: A Narrative Review Article.","authors":"Christopher M Belyea, Gregory Rummel, Nathan Lanham, Kevin P Krul","doi":"10.1007/s12178-025-09956-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-025-09956-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Since the introduction of videogames and augmented reality technology, injuries associated with e sports have garnered increased attention from researchers and healthcare professionals. This review articles examines the spectrum of injuries associated with videogames and augmented reality and describes the nuances of the diagnoses associated with gaming injuries.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Videogames changed architecture from a sedentary style of playing to a more interactive console with the introduction of technologies such as the Wii or Pokémon Go. This new style of gaming increased the range of musculoskeletal injuries to include lower energy injuries and more severe high energy trauma because of the introduction of mobility causing distraction and a neglect for safety. The previous sedentary nature of gaming lends itself to prolonged periods of static posture contributing to long-term effects and potential health implications in the future. This review article presents current literature on the specific injury types and increasing need for awareness of videogame-related injuries to further highlight preventative measures needed to mitigate injury risk and promote healthy gaming habits and ergonomic awareness.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aniruddh Mandalapu, Matthew Hartwell, Matthew Veerkamp, Eric Edmonds, Matthew Milewski, Shital Parikh, Paul Saluan, Frank Cordasco, Nirav Pandya
{"title":"Surgical Management of Anterior Shoulder Instability in Skeletally Immature Patients: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Aniruddh Mandalapu, Matthew Hartwell, Matthew Veerkamp, Eric Edmonds, Matthew Milewski, Shital Parikh, Paul Saluan, Frank Cordasco, Nirav Pandya","doi":"10.1007/s12178-024-09941-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-024-09941-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Anterior shoulder instability management within skeletally immature patients presents a unique challenge for providers. This systematic review examines the surgical management of traumatic anterior shoulder instability in skeletally immature patients, focusing on recurrence rate, pre-operative conditions, post-operative conditions, demographics, and risk factors for failure. Four full-length articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, consisting of two retrospective cohort studies and two case series. In total, 77 patients and 79 shoulders underwent surgical stabilization. Mean age at time of surgery ranged from 12 to 15.9 years with a male proportion ranging from 58 to 86%. The indication for surgery in these studies was recurrent anterior shoulder instability. The most used surgeries for stabilization were bone block procedures, such as the Latarjet, followed by the arthroscopic Bankart repair. This review found that surgically managed traumatic anterior shoulder instability in skeletally immature patients had low recurrence rates. The studies examined had recurrence rates of 8%, 4.4% and 0% after surgical stabilization and a singular study showed a return to sport rate of 75%. Subsequently, this study suggests that open bony procedures may be a safe and effective solution to recurrent anterior shoulder instability in the skeletally immature population, but further research is needed to determine the optimal surgical approach with a larger sample of different surgical approaches.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level IV.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143406180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aakash K Shah, Ava G Neijna, Julia S Retzky, Andreas H Gomoll, Sabrina M Strickland
{"title":"Indications, Techniques, and Outcomes of Bridge-Enhanced ACL Restoration (BEAR).","authors":"Aakash K Shah, Ava G Neijna, Julia S Retzky, Andreas H Gomoll, Sabrina M Strickland","doi":"10.1007/s12178-025-09950-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-025-09950-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The current landscape of treating anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears is rapidly evolving with the advent of the bridge-enhanced ACL restoration (BEAR). BEAR is a novel approach to restore the ACL in lieu of conventional reconstruction. BEAR has recently been approved for post-market use by all orthopaedic surgeons for midsubstance or proximal ACL tears. This article provides a review of the indications and outcomes of BEAR, graduating from the Trial 1 stage to the post-market stage, current operative techniques, and the postoperative rehabilitation protocol for BEAR.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Current research demonstrates similar postoperative patient-reported outcome measures and functional outcomes following BEAR compared to ACL reconstruction in clinical trials. Combining all three BEAR trials, there was an aggregate re-tear rate of 15%. Our post-market published BEAR data shows non-inferior short-term postoperative PROMs and functional outcomes as well as zero re-tears. The early- and mid-term results of BEAR show that it is a potential alternative to ACLR for specific patient groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher V Nagelli, Jasmijn V Korpershoek, Katy Lydon, Lucienne Vonk, Roel Custers, Aaron J Krych, Daniel Saris
{"title":"From IMPACT to RECLAIM: A Single-Stage Cell Therapy for Articular Cartilage Repair and a Platform for Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration.","authors":"Christopher V Nagelli, Jasmijn V Korpershoek, Katy Lydon, Lucienne Vonk, Roel Custers, Aaron J Krych, Daniel Saris","doi":"10.1007/s12178-025-09949-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-025-09949-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Cartilage injury does not heal spontaneously. The current cell-based cartilage treatments have either demonstrated poor clinical outcomes, require two surgeries, or are costly and logistically challenging. To overcome these challenges, our team has developed a one-stage, two cell-type surgical cell therapy for acute chondral defects. This procedure combines allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and autologous chondrons to harness MSCs as signaling cells to stimulate chondrons to promote tissue repair. This procedure has been investigated in clinical trials conducted in both Europe and the United States which are called IMPACT and RECLAIM, respectively. This article provides a review of our preclinical and clinical research which led to the development of this cell therapy.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The combination of allogeneic MSCs and autologous chondrons in preclinical studies have demonstrated to synergistically stimulate cartilage repair, and the combination of cells outperforms either cell-type alone. In clinical trials, the combined cell therapy was safe to use, improved knee function, and demonstrated durable pain reduction. Our single-stage, combined cell therapy of allogeneic MSCs and autologous chondrons is a viable cell therapy for acute articular cartilage defects. We anticipate this combined cell therapy may be a platform cell therapy for a wide range of musculoskeletal repair applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph M Rund, Garrett V Christensen, Jeffrey A Fleming, Brian R Wolf
{"title":"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears among Football Players.","authors":"Joseph M Rund, Garrett V Christensen, Jeffrey A Fleming, Brian R Wolf","doi":"10.1007/s12178-025-09952-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-025-09952-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tears are one of the most common causes of lost playing time in American football athletes. Recently, there has been a push to get athletes back to sport faster. As such, numerous studies have evaluated management and rehabilitation protocols for return to play after ACL injury in football players. The purpose of this review is to synthesize information, both classic and new, to aid orthopedic surgeons in treatment of football players with ACL injuries.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent studies have demonstrated that not all ACL injuries are alike. Management should be a shared decision-making process between athlete and surgeon. Studies have demonstrated low failure rates when using bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTPB) autograft which is the most common graft utilized for elite football athletes. Outcomes are continually being evaluated by multicenter study groups such as the Multicenter Orthopaedic Outcome Network which has established a thorough rehabilitation protocol focusing on athlete milestones. ACL tears in the football athlete are common and challenging injuries. Treatment revolves around ACL reconstruction, most commonly with BTPB autograft. Post-operative rehabilitation is essential and should focus on objective criteria rather than time elapsed. Return to play criteria rely upon symptoms, athlete confidence, strength, and both functional and football specific testing. Return-to-play timelines are individualized for each football athlete but recent trends have highlighted a more delayed return of at least 7-9 months. Rate of returning to play varies from 63-82% and depends upon many factors including level of play and position.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143390454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher J Lamb, Aamir Ahmad, Brett M Biedermann, Eric H Lin, Jacob L Kotlier, Christian A Cruz, Frank A Petrigliano, Joseph N Liu
{"title":"Rehabilitation and Long Term Outcomes Including Return to Work or Sport Following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.","authors":"Christopher J Lamb, Aamir Ahmad, Brett M Biedermann, Eric H Lin, Jacob L Kotlier, Christian A Cruz, Frank A Petrigliano, Joseph N Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12178-025-09948-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-025-09948-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty has become an excellent surgical option for patients suffering from various shoulder pathologies including rotator cuff arthropathy, inflammatory arthritis and proximal humerus fractures. The goals of this operation are to reduce pain, restore function, and allow patients to be able to return to both work and sport. This article provides insight into the return to work and sport of patients who have undergone reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent literature has demonstrated that patients who have undergone reverse total shoulder arthroplasty demonstrate high rates of return to work and sport. Variations in patient age, sex, work intensity, type of sport and rehabilitation protocols can also play a factor in being able to return to work and sport. Patients who have undergone reverse total shoulder arthroplasty are able to return to work and sport in a timely manner. A structured rehabilitation protocol, appropriate patient selection and excellent communication between surgeon and patient is crucial to achieve a successful return to work and sport.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Common Intraoperative Mistakes and Techniques for Error Recovery.","authors":"Kevin C Wang, Timothy Keeley, Drew A Lansdown","doi":"10.1007/s12178-025-09947-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-025-09947-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a commonly performed procedure among general orthopedists, and is a logged procedure required for graduation from accredited orthopaedic residency programs.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>ACL reconstruction surgery has a number of critical steps, and intraoperative errors can significantly impact the success rate and morbidity of this operation. Technical errors are frequently cited as some of the most common reasons for ACL reconstruction failure. This narrative review provides low-volume surgeons and trainees with an overview of the common errors that can be made during the critical steps of an ACL reconstruction procedure. We suggest technical points for avoiding commonly-encountered errors and provide a description of evidence-supported error recovery techniques to address these errors if they occur intraoperatively. These key steps include femoral tunnel creation, tibial tunnel creation, graft harvest and preparation, and graft fixation within the tunnels. We discuss a number of primary and backup fixation strategies as well as all commonly used autografts (bone-patellar tendon-bone, hamstring, and quadriceps tendon). Additionally, we provide a brief overview on address intra-operative graft contamination citing currently available evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hiroyori Fusagawa, Alex Youn, Elyse Wilkerson, Nirav Pandya, Brian T Feeley
{"title":"The Effects of Microplastics on Musculoskeletal Disorder; A Narrative Review.","authors":"Hiroyori Fusagawa, Alex Youn, Elyse Wilkerson, Nirav Pandya, Brian T Feeley","doi":"10.1007/s12178-024-09932-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12178-024-09932-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The physical health impacts of microplastics have received increasing attention in recent years. However, limited data impedes a full understanding of the internal exposure to microplastics, especially concerning the musculoskeletal system. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature regarding the effects of microplastics on the musculoskeletal system.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Microplastics have been shown to cause abnormal endochondral ossification and disrupt the normal function of pre-osteoblasts, osteocyte-like cells, and pre-osteoclasts through gene mutations, endoplasmic reticulum stress induction, and reduced autophagosome formation in bone growth areas. Although there are few reports on their effects on muscle, it has been noted that microplastics inhibit energy and lipid metabolism, decrease type I muscle fiber density, impair muscle angiogenesis, cause muscle atrophy, and increase lipid deposition. Only a few recent studies have shown that microplastics interfere with the normal function of bone growth-related cells and reduce muscle mass and quality. This review underscores the need for further research into other parts of the musculoskeletal system and studies using human tissues at the disease level.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexander H Jinnah, Kyle A Lynch, Taylor R Wood, Michael S Hughes
{"title":"Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Advances in Diagnosis and Management.","authors":"Alexander H Jinnah, Kyle A Lynch, Taylor R Wood, Michael S Hughes","doi":"10.1007/s12178-024-09939-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12178-024-09939-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a disabling spinal pathology, with a significant morbidity if left untreated. This review investigates the recent advances in the diagnosis and management of AIS.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Low radiation techniques have become a paramount focus in the management of patient's with AIS. The EOS system is growing in popularity due to lower radiation compared to conventional radiographs with the added advantage allowing 3D reconstruction. Bracing remains the standard treatment for curves amenable to this, however, due to the importance in compliance with brace wear there has been a recent push for more personalized brace construction using 3-dimensional printing. If curves are not amenable to bracing, then surgical intervention is generally recommended. Posterior spinal fusion (PSF) remains the gold standard; however, newer growth modulating techniques are in their infancy. Anterior vertebral body tethering (VBT) is a relatively novel method of treatment for AIS, that has seen promising early results. Due to its novelty and varying results VBT use remains limited and will need to be further investigated. AIS is a complex disease without a clear understanding of it's etiology. If identified earlier, then non-operative treatment may lead to prevention of curve progression and the need for surgical intervention. Newer technologies, such as the EOS system, allow 3D reconstruction of curves which can assist with pre-operative planning. PSF remains the gold standard surgical intervention for AIS, however, new developments in alternative techniques could have a promising future, especially for skeletally immature patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"54-60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonoperative Management of Gartland Type II Supracondylar Humeral Fractures: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Michaela Booker, Faith Sumandea, Ishaan Swarup, Nirav Pandya","doi":"10.1007/s12178-024-09937-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12178-024-09937-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the nonoperative management of Gartland Type II fractures in pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Supracondylar humeral fractures (SCF) are one of the most common traumatic fractures in pediatric populations, characterized as transverse fractures at the distal humerus between the medial and lateral columns. Early studies strongly opposed closed reduction and casting as an acceptable treatment modality for Gartland type II fractures as an early case series showed high rates of complications; however, more recent studies have suggested better outcomes. The optimal management of Gartland Type II supracondylar fractures has yet to be fully elucidated. This review highlights the indications, complications, and outcomes of nonoperative Gartland Type II supracondylar humeral fracture management. Additionally, it demonstrates the need for further research to inform guidelines on managing this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":10950,"journal":{"name":"Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"48-53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}