L. Vismara, Thayllane de Campos Siega, E. Bertoldo, S. Mazaro, E. Vismara, M. Rey, Pedro Val erio Dutra Moraes
{"title":"Physiological and biochemical performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seeds treated with essential oils used to control phytopathogens","authors":"L. Vismara, Thayllane de Campos Siega, E. Bertoldo, S. Mazaro, E. Vismara, M. Rey, Pedro Val erio Dutra Moraes","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.22.16.03.p2874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.22.16.03.p2874","url":null,"abstract":"This work aimed to evaluate the physiological and biochemical performance of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seeds treated with essential oils (EOs) of citronella (Cymbopogon sp.), guaçatonga (Casearia sylvestris Sw.), melaleuca (Melaleuca sp. L.), patchouli (Pogostemon sp. Benth), and pitangueira (Eugenia uniflora L.). The experimental design was completely randomized in double factorials (5 oils × 4 doses) at different doses (10, 20, 30, and 40 μL), with an additional treatment that served as growth control (without EOs, 0 μL). In other words, the experimental design entails 5 oils × 4 doses + 1 control, with 4 replicates of 100 Grand Rapid lettuce seeds without industrial chemical treatment. The response variables were: first germination count (FGC, %), last germination count (LGC, %), germination rate (GR), normal seedlings (NS, %), abnormal seedlings (AS, %), aerial part length (APL, cm), fresh mass (mf, g), total soluble proteins content (mg•g-1), and enzyme activities of β-1,3-glucanase (UA•mg-1) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, UA•mg-1). The lettuce plant proved to be a good reference plant for evaluations related to physiological and biochemical performance when treated with EOs. However, although treatment of lettuce seeds with EOs did not cause undesirable damages, it positively altered the physiological parameters APL and mf. All EOs affected the total proteins content and enzyme activities of PAL and β-1,3-glucanase. Therefore, EOs demonstrated the potential to activate the plant's defense mechanism to control phytopathogens. More specifically, 10 μL of citronella EO activated two plant defense mechanisms: PAL and β-1,3-glucanase activities. In addition, EOs of melaleuca (10 and 40 μL) and patchouli (20 and 30 μL) also activated PAL enzyme activity.","PeriodicalId":10940,"journal":{"name":"Day 2 Tue, March 22, 2022","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86092722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Yahaya, Y. Abdulganiyu, M. Alkali, C. Obi, M. Ukpere, S. O. Ayodeji, A. Ahmadu
{"title":"Occurrence and Health Risk of Heavy Metals and Microorganisms in Wastewater Collected from selected Eateries in Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"T. Yahaya, Y. Abdulganiyu, M. Alkali, C. Obi, M. Ukpere, S. O. Ayodeji, A. Ahmadu","doi":"10.36263/nijest.2022.01.0316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2022.01.0316","url":null,"abstract":"The number of eateries is growing around the world because they provide jobs and food to urban people who do not have time to cook. However, there are concerns that eatery wastewater may contain hazardous compounds and microorganisms. In view of the above, this study determined the chemical characteristics, heavy metal concentrations, and microbiological loads of wastewater collected from three eateries in Lekki, Lagos, Nigeria. The human exposure to heavy metals via oral and dermal contact, as well as the hazard quotient of daily exposure to these heavy metals, was also calculated. The chemical characterization revealed that nitrate, ammonia, and phosphate levels in all of the wastewater samples were above the limits of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency, while sulphate levels were normal. Copper, lead, cadmium, nickel, and chromium levels were within the permissible levels, but zinc was above the limits in the three eateries. The average daily oral and dermal exposure to heavy metals was normal, while the hazard quotient of daily dermal exposure to zinc and chromium in the three eateries was abnormal (> 1). In all of the eateries, bacterial and fungal levels were above permitted limits, but no coliforms were found. The results imply that the wastewater from the three eateries are hazardous and could pose environmental and health hazards. It is recommended that eatery owners treat wastewater before releasing it into the environment.","PeriodicalId":10940,"journal":{"name":"Day 2 Tue, March 22, 2022","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82721942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wassila Bouta, S. Bouda, Youssef Ait Bella, Y. Khachtib, M. Hansali, T. E. Rasafi, A. Haddioui
{"title":"Assessment of genetic diversity of Moroccan Pistacia lentiscus L. populations using ISSR markers","authors":"Wassila Bouta, S. Bouda, Youssef Ait Bella, Y. Khachtib, M. Hansali, T. E. Rasafi, A. Haddioui","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.22.16.03.p3390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.22.16.03.p3390","url":null,"abstract":"Pistacia lentiscus L. is an indigenous species of considerable ecological and economic importance. An understanding of the patterns of genetic variation within and between Moroccan populations of this species is essential to design optimal genetic management strategies for its conservation. Here, inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) technique was used to study genetic variation of 11 populations sampled from different regions in Morocco. The 13 primers used produced 121 bands which 110 bands (90.90 %) were polymorphic. The mean values of PIC, RP, I and Ht were 0.79; 4.89; 0.47 and 0.31 respectively, implying the important genetic variability between the studied populations. Moreover, AMOVA analysis showed that 58% of total genetic variability is accounted within population and 42% between populations. The UPGMA dendrogram and Bayesian model-based clustering approach identified five gene pools structured independently from the geographical origin of populations. These results indicate that the ISSRs markers used represent an efficient and important tool for the genetic analysis of the lentisk and the existence of a large genetic variability in this species in Morocco","PeriodicalId":10940,"journal":{"name":"Day 2 Tue, March 22, 2022","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90738501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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