Current HIV/AIDS Reports最新文献_第9页

Risk Compensation in Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Programs. 自愿医疗男性包皮环切项目的风险补偿。

IF 4.6 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00635-9

Yanxiao Gao, Yinghui Sun, Weiran Zheng, Yi-Fan Lin, Tian Tian, Yuwei Li, Leiwen Fu, Huachun Zou

{"title":"Risk Compensation in Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Programs.","authors":"Yanxiao Gao, Yinghui Sun, Weiran Zheng, Yi-Fan Lin, Tian Tian, Yuwei Li, Leiwen Fu, Huachun Zou","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00635-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-022-00635-9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Evidence from clinical trials identified the effectiveness of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) as an additional strategy to reduce the risk of HIV transmission from women to men. However, concerns about post-circumcision sexual risk compensation may hinder the scale-up of VMMC programs. We reviewed the evidence of changes in risky sexual behaviors after circumcision, including condomless sex, multiple sex partners, and early resumption of sex after surgery.Recent findings: Most clinical trial data indicate that condomless sex and multiple partners did not increase for men after circumcision, and early resumption of sex is rare. Only one post-trial surveillance reports that some circumcised men had more sex partners after surgery, but this did not offset the effect of VMMC. Conversely, qualitative studies report that a small number of circumcised men had increased risky sexual behaviors, and community-based research reports that more men resumed sex early after surgery. With the large-scale promotion and expansion of VMMC services, it may be challenging to maintain effective sexual health educations due to various restrictions. Misunderstandings of the effect of VMMC in preventing HIV infection are the main reason for increasing risky sexual behaviors after surgery. Systematic and practical sexual health counseling services should be in place on an ongoing basis to maximize the effect of VMMC.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 6","pages":"516-521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9199676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Evidence for Implementation: Management of TB in HIV and Pregnancy. 实施证据：艾滋病病毒感染者和孕妇的结核病管理。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00641-x

Amanda J Jones, Jyoti S Mathad, Kelly E Dooley, Ahizechukwu C Eke

{"title":"Evidence for Implementation: Management of TB in HIV and Pregnancy.","authors":"Amanda J Jones, Jyoti S Mathad, Kelly E Dooley, Ahizechukwu C Eke","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00641-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-022-00641-x","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Pregnant people living with HIV (PLWH) are at especially high risk for progression from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) to active tuberculosis (TB) disease. Among pregnant PLWH, concurrent TB increases the risk of complications such as preeclampsia, intrauterine fetal-growth restriction, low birth weight, preterm-delivery, perinatal transmission of HIV, and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. The grave impact of superimposed TB disease on maternal morbidity and mortality among PLWH necessitates clear guidelines for concomitant therapy and an understanding of the pharmacokinetics (PK) and potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between antitubercular (anti-TB) agents and antiretroviral therapy (ART) in pregnancy.Recent findings: This review discusses the currently available evidence on the use of anti-TB agents in pregnant PLWH on ART. Pharmacokinetic and safety studies of anti-TB agents during pregnancy and postpartum are limited, and available data on second-line and newer anti-TB agents used in pregnancy suggest that several research gaps exist. DDIs between ART and anti-TB agents can decrease plasma concentration of ART, with the potential for perinatal transmission of HIV. Current recommendations for the treatment of LTBI, drug-susceptible TB, and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) are derived from observational studies and case reports in pregnant PLWH. While the use of isoniazid, rifamycins, and ethambutol in pregnancy and their DDIs with various ARTs are well-characterized, there is limited data on the use of pyrazinamide and several new and second-line antitubercular drugs in pregnant PLWH. Further research into treatment outcomes, PK, and safety data for anti-TB agent use during pregnancy and postpartum is urgently needed.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 6","pages":"455-470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9617238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9199663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transgender Individuals and Digital Health. 变性人与数字健康。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00629-7

Asa E Radix, Keosha Bond, Pedro B Carneiro, Arjee Restar

{"title":"Transgender Individuals and Digital Health.","authors":"Asa E Radix, Keosha Bond, Pedro B Carneiro, Arjee Restar","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00629-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-022-00629-7","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: The goal of this review is to assess the use of digital technologies to promote the health and well-being of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people.Recent findings: TGD individuals experience numerous health disparities, including low uptake of HIV prevention strategies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis, increased HIV incidence, and suboptimal HIV-related outcomes. These health disparities are the result of widespread intersectional stigma on the basis of gender identity, gender expression, socioeconomic class, race, and ethnicity, which negatively impact access to general medical and transgender-specific health care. TGD individuals often delay or avoid essential medical services due to fear of discrimination. Clinicians frequently lack training, competence, and skills in transgender medicine, further exacerbating the health disparities faced by TGD people. Digital technologies have been used to improve research and clinical care for TGD populations through various modalities; telemedicine, telehealth and mHealth. Digital health technologies, including HIT-enabled clinical decision support, telehealth, telemedicine, and mHealth, offer innovative ways to improve health care access, improve quality of care, and reduce health disparities for TGD populations, including and beyond HIV outcomes, through enhanced care delivery, clinician education, and enhancing social support networks.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 6","pages":"592-599"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9493149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9655480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promise and Challenges of Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in HIV. 检查点抑制剂疗法治疗艾滋病进行性多灶性白质脑病的前景与挑战。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00626-w

Sydney Corey, Bryan R Smith, Irene C M Cortese

{"title":"Promise and Challenges of Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in HIV.","authors":"Sydney Corey, Bryan R Smith, Irene C M Cortese","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00626-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-022-00626-w","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a severe opportunistic infection that remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH). Immune checkpoint molecules are negative regulators of the immune response that have been targeted as a strategy to bolster anti-viral immunity in PML, with varied outcomes reported. While initiation and optimization of antiretroviral therapy remains the standard of care in HIV-related PML, the specific opportunities and risks for checkpoint blockade in these cases should be explored.Recent findings: As of April 15, 2022, only 5 of the 53 total published cases of PML treated with checkpoint blockade had underlying HIV infection; four of these had a favorable outcome. The risk of promoting immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is a major concern and underscores the importance of patient selection and monitoring. Checkpoint blockade warrants further exploration as a potentially promising option for treatment escalation in HIV-related PML.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 6","pages":"580-591"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9759507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10631902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention: a Global Overview. 自愿医疗男性包皮环切预防艾滋病毒:全球概况。

IF 4.6 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00632-y

Chen Zhang, Sten H Vermund

{"title":"Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention: a Global Overview.","authors":"Chen Zhang, Sten H Vermund","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00632-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-022-00632-y","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: With the promise of HIV prevention, there has been a scale-up of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in high HIV incidence/low circumcision prevalence nations worldwide. Nonetheless, debates over the implementation and the effectiveness and safety of the VMMC in real-world settings persist. We revisit the role of VMMC in HIV prevention to inform health professionals, policymakers, and advocates or opponents in this new era.Recent findings: There has been substantial progress on VMMC scale-up to date, but this has varied considerably by region. The evidence of solid and direct protection of VMMC is available for heterosexual men and older adolescent boys in sub-Saharan Africa. The protective effect in men who have sex with men is suggested by systematic reviews but is not confirmed by clinical trials. Sexual partners, including women, likely benefit indirectly from the increased VMMC coverage through a decreased risk of exposure to infected male partners. Fortunately, the preponderance of studies does not suggest higher sexual risk behaviors among circumcised men, so-called risk compensation. VMMC requires health systems strengthening and continued promulgation of other evidence-based HIV prevention strategies to be successful. Health authorities in high HIV incidence areas that have low circumcision coverage should implement VMMC within a context of complementary biomedical and behavioral prevention strategies.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 6","pages":"474-483"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10633665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Developments in Neuroprotection for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND). 艾滋病相关神经认知障碍 (HAND) 的神经保护进展。

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00612-2

Dennis L Kolson

{"title":"Developments in Neuroprotection for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND).","authors":"Dennis L Kolson","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00612-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-022-00612-2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Reducing the risk of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is an elusive treatment goal for people living with HIV. Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has reduced the prevalence of HIV-associated dementia, but milder, disabling HAND is an unmet challenge. As newer cART regimens that more consistently suppress central nervous system (CNS) HIV replication are developed, the testing of adjunctive neuroprotective therapies must accelerate.Recent findings: Successes in modifying cART regimens for CNS efficacy (penetrance, chemokine receptor targeting) and delivery (nanoformulations) in pilot studies suggest that improving cART neuroprotection and reducing HAND risk is achievable. Additionally, drugs currently used in neuroinflammatory, neuropsychiatric, and metabolic disorders show promise as adjuncts to cART, likely by broadly targeting neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, aerobic metabolism, and/or neurotransmitter metabolism. Adjunctive cognitive brain therapy and aerobic exercise may provide additional efficacy. Adjunctive neuroprotective therapies, including available FDA-approved drugs, cognitive therapy, and aerobic exercise combined with improved cART offer plausible strategies for optimizing the prevention and treatment of HAND.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 5","pages":"344-357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9305687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10586017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir for HIV Prevention: What Do We Know and Need to Know about the Risks and Consequences of Cabotegravir Resistance? 用于预防艾滋病的长效注射用卡博替拉韦（Cabotegravir）：我们对卡博特拉韦耐药性的风险和后果了解多少？

IF 3.7 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00616-y

Urvi M Parikh, Catherine A Koss, John W Mellors

{"title":"Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir for HIV Prevention: What Do We Know and Need to Know about the Risks and Consequences of Cabotegravir Resistance?","authors":"Urvi M Parikh, Catherine A Koss, John W Mellors","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00616-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11904-022-00616-y","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cabotegravir is a potent integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) recently approved as a long-acting injectable formulation for HIV prevention (CAB-LA). We summarize what is known about cabotegravir pharmacokinetics, activity, and emergence of resistance from in vitro, macaque and clinical studies, and we evaluate the risk of resistance from CAB-LA with on-time injections and after CAB-LA discontinuation.Recent findings: The accumulation of multiple INSTI mutations is required for high-level cabotegravir resistance, and the same mutation combinations may cause cross-resistance to dolutegravir, which is widely used for first-line antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries. Though CAB-LA was highly effective in preventing HIV, breakthrough infections did occur in trials of CAB-LA despite on-time injections, resulting in selection of single and combinations of INSTI resistance mutations. As CAB-LA is scaled-up, prompt HIV diagnosis to prevent resistance, and resistance monitoring could help preserve the effectiveness of INSTIs for both HIV treatment and prevention.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 5","pages":"384-393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9508028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9403705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bone Quality in Relation to HIV and Antiretroviral Drugs. 骨质量与HIV和抗逆转录病毒药物的关系。

IF 4.6 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00613-1

Arnold Z Olali, Kelsey A Carpenter, Maria Myers, Anjali Sharma, Michael T Yin, Lena Al-Harthi, Ryan D Ross

{"title":"Bone Quality in Relation to HIV and Antiretroviral Drugs.","authors":"Arnold Z Olali, Kelsey A Carpenter, Maria Myers, Anjali Sharma, Michael T Yin, Lena Al-Harthi, Ryan D Ross","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00613-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-022-00613-1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: People living with HIV (PLWH) are at an increased risk for osteoporosis, a disease defined by the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of bone quality, both of which independently contribute to an increased risk of skeletal fractures. While there is an emerging body of literature focusing on the factors that contribute to BMD loss in PLWH, the contribution of these factors to bone quality changes are less understood. The current review summarizes and critically reviews the data describing the effects of HIV, HIV disease-related factors, and antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) on bone quality.Recent findings: The increased availability of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography has confirmed that both HIV infection and ARVs negatively affect bone architecture. There is considerably less data on their effects on bone remodeling or the composition of bone matrix. Whether changes in bone quality independently predict fracture risk, as seen in HIV-uninfected populations, is largely unknown. The available data suggests that bone quality deterioration occurs in PLWH. Future studies are needed to define which factors, viral or ARVs, contribute to loss of bone quality and which bone quality factors are most associated with increased fracture risk.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 5","pages":"312-327"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10309294/pdf/nihms-1910072.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9756031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Examining the Use of HIV Self-Testing to Support PrEP Delivery: a Systematic Literature Review. 检查使用艾滋病毒自我检测来支持PrEP的提供:系统的文献综述。

IF 4.6 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00617-x

Catherine Kiptinness, Alexandra P Kuo, Adriana M Reedy, Cheryl C Johnson, Kenneth Ngure, Anjuli D Wagner, Katrina F Ortblad

{"title":"Examining the Use of HIV Self-Testing to Support PrEP Delivery: a Systematic Literature Review.","authors":"Catherine Kiptinness, Alexandra P Kuo, Adriana M Reedy, Cheryl C Johnson, Kenneth Ngure, Anjuli D Wagner, Katrina F Ortblad","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00617-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-022-00617-x","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: HIV self-testing (HIVST) has the potential to expand access to and uptake of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery. We conducted a systematic literature review to understand the evidence on HIVST use for PrEP delivery.Recent findings: After screening 1055 records, we included eight: three randomized trials and five values and preferences studies. None measured PrEP initiation. Most studies occurred in Sub-Saharan Africa (7/8) and included different populations. One trial found that HIVST use between quarterly clinic visits as part of an adherence package with biofeedback slightly increased adherence; the other two trials found that HIVST use between or in lieu of quarterly clinic visits had no significant or non-inferior effects on adherence. HIVST to support PrEP delivery was acceptable, feasible, and preferred. HIVST use for PrEP continuation largely resulted in similar outcomes to standard-of-care delivery and was perceived acceptable and feasible. Further research is needed to optimize HIVST use within PrEP programming.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 5","pages":"394-408"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9334974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10127359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

HIV Testing Uptake According to Opt-In, Opt-Out or Risk-Based Testing Approaches: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 根据选择加入、选择退出或基于风险的检测方法进行艾滋病毒检测:系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 4.6 2区医学

Current HIV/AIDS Reports Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-022-00614-0

Qi Rui Soh, Leon Y J Oh, Eric P F Chow, Cheryl C Johnson, Muhammad S Jamil, Jason J Ong

{"title":"HIV Testing Uptake According to Opt-In, Opt-Out or Risk-Based Testing Approaches: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Qi Rui Soh, Leon Y J Oh, Eric P F Chow, Cheryl C Johnson, Muhammad S Jamil, Jason J Ong","doi":"10.1007/s11904-022-00614-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-022-00614-0","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Improving HIV testing uptake is essential to ending the HIV pandemic. HIV testing approaches can be opt-in, opt-out or risk-based. This systematic review examines and compares the uptake of HIV testing in opt-in, opt-out and risk-based testing approaches.Recent findings: There remain missed opportunities for HIV testing in a variety of settings using different approaches: opt-in (a person actively accepts to be tested for HIV), opt-out (a person is informed that HIV testing is routine/standard of care, and they actively decline if they do not wish to be tested for HIV) or risk-based (using risk-based screening tools to focus testing on certain individuals or sub-populations at greater risk of HIV). It is not clear how the approach could impact HIV test uptake when adjusted for other factors (e.g. rapid testing, country-income level, test setting and population tested). We searched four databases for studies reporting on HIV test uptake. In total, 18,238 records were screened, and 150 studies were included in the review. Most studies described an opt-in approach (87 estimates), followed by opt-out (76) and risk-based (19). Opt-out testing was associated with 64.3% test uptake (I2 = 99.9%), opt-in testing with 59.8% (I2 = 99.9%) and risk-based testing with 54.4% (I2 = 99.9%). When adjusted for settings that offered rapid testing, country income level, setting and population tested, opt-out testing had a significantly higher uptake (+ 12% (95% confidence intervals: 3-21), p = 0.007) than opt-in testing. We also found that emergency department patients and hospital outpatients had significantly lower HIV test uptake than other populations.","PeriodicalId":10930,"journal":{"name":"Current HIV/AIDS Reports","volume":"19 5","pages":"375-383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9508204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10409792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8