Tom Reuvekamp, Luca L G Janssen, Lok Lam Ngai, Jannemieke Carbaat-Ham, Daphne den Hartog, Willemijn J Scholten, Angèle Kelder, Diana Hanekamp, Eliza Wensink, Noortje van Gils, Patrycja Gradowska, Bob Löwenberg, Gert J Ossenkoppele, Arjan A van de Loosdrecht, Theresia M Westers, Linda Smit, Costa Bachas, Jacqueline Cloos
{"title":"The role of the primitive marker CD133 in CD34-negative acute myeloid leukemia for the detection of leukemia stem cells.","authors":"Tom Reuvekamp, Luca L G Janssen, Lok Lam Ngai, Jannemieke Carbaat-Ham, Daphne den Hartog, Willemijn J Scholten, Angèle Kelder, Diana Hanekamp, Eliza Wensink, Noortje van Gils, Patrycja Gradowska, Bob Löwenberg, Gert J Ossenkoppele, Arjan A van de Loosdrecht, Theresia M Westers, Linda Smit, Costa Bachas, Jacqueline Cloos","doi":"10.1002/cyto.b.22201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.b.22201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most important reason for dismal outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the development of relapse. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are hypothesized to initiate relapse, and high CD34+CD38- LSC load is associated with poor prognosis. In 10% of AML patients, CD34 is not or is low expressed on the leukemic cells (<1%), and CD34+CD38- LSCs are absent. These patients are classified as CD34-negative. We aimed to determine whether the primitive marker CD133 can detect LSCs in CD34-negative AML. We retrospectively quantified 148 CD34-negative patients for proportions of CD34-CD133+ and CD133+CD38- cell fractions in the diagnostic samples of CD34-negative patients in the HOVON102 and HOVON132 trials. No prognostic difference was found between patients with high or low proportions of CD34-CD133+, which is found to be aberrantly expressed in AML. A high level of CD133+CD38- cells was not associated with poor overall survival, and expression in AML was similar to normal bone marrow. To conclude, CD133 is useful as an additional primitive marker for the detection of leukemic blast cells in CD34-negative AML. However, CD133+CD38 alone is not suitable for the detection of LSCs at diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10883,"journal":{"name":"Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara A Monaghan, Steven Eck, Silvia Bunting, Xiangyang X Dong, Robert J Durso, Christele Gonneau, Amanda Hays, Andrea Illingworth, Stacy C League, Eleni Linskens, Megan McCausland, Thomas W McCloskey, Nina Rolf, Min Shi, Paul K Wallace, Virginia Litwin, Wolfgang Kern, George Deeb, Veronica Nash, Horatiu Olteanu
{"title":"Flow cytometry assay modifications: Recommendations for method validation based on CLSI H62 guidelines.","authors":"Sara A Monaghan, Steven Eck, Silvia Bunting, Xiangyang X Dong, Robert J Durso, Christele Gonneau, Amanda Hays, Andrea Illingworth, Stacy C League, Eleni Linskens, Megan McCausland, Thomas W McCloskey, Nina Rolf, Min Shi, Paul K Wallace, Virginia Litwin, Wolfgang Kern, George Deeb, Veronica Nash, Horatiu Olteanu","doi":"10.1002/cyto.b.22202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.b.22202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) H62-Validation of Assays Performed by Flow Cytometry guideline, released in 2021, provides recommendations for platform workflow and quality system essentials, instrument setup and standardization, assay development and optimization and fit-for-purpose analytical method validation. In addition, CLSI H62 includes some recommendations for the validation strategies after a validated flow cytometric method has been modified. This manuscript builds on those recommendations and discusses the impact of different types of assay modifications on assay performance. Recommendations regarding which validation parameters to evaluate depending on the type of modification are provided. The impact of assay modification on the assay's intended use is discussed. When recommending minor deviations from the CLSI H62 process for a laboratory-initiated assay revision (e.g., specimen numbers for sensitivity, specificity, or precision studies), a rationale based on expert opinion is provided with the understanding that not every laboratory, assay type, and circumstance can be comprehensively addressed in this paper. These recommendations are meant as a practical recommendation and are not intended to be restrictive, prescriptive, or understood as necessarily sufficient to meet every specific requirement from regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA or New York State Department of Health).</p>","PeriodicalId":10883,"journal":{"name":"Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142008459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Øystein Sefland, Stein-Erik Gullaksen, Maria Omsland, Håkon Reikvam, Eivind Galteland, Hoa Thi Tuyet Tran, Signe Spetalen, Satwinder Kaur Singh, Hester J T Van Zeeburg, Arjan A Van De Loosdrecht, Bjørn Tore Gjertsen
{"title":"Mass cytometric single cell immune profiles of peripheral blood from acute myeloid leukemia patients in complete remission with measurable residual disease.","authors":"Øystein Sefland, Stein-Erik Gullaksen, Maria Omsland, Håkon Reikvam, Eivind Galteland, Hoa Thi Tuyet Tran, Signe Spetalen, Satwinder Kaur Singh, Hester J T Van Zeeburg, Arjan A Van De Loosdrecht, Bjørn Tore Gjertsen","doi":"10.1002/cyto.b.22197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.b.22197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Measurable residual disease (MRD) is detected in approximately a quarter of AML chemotherapy responders, serving as a predictor for relapse and shorter survival. Immunological control of residual disease is suggested to prevent relapse, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We present a peripheral blood single cell immune profiling by mass cytometry using a 42-antibody panel with particular emphasis on markers of cellular immune response. Six healthy donors were compared with four AML patients with MRD (MRD<sup>+</sup>) in first complete remission (CR1<sub>MRD+</sub>). Three of four patients demonstrated a favorable genetic risk profile, while the fourth patient had an unfavorable risk profile (complex karyotype, TP53-mutation) and a high level of MRD. Unsupervised clustering using self-organizing maps and dimensional reduction analysis was performed for visualization and analysis of immune cell subsets. CD57<sup>+</sup> natural killer (NK)-cell subsets were found to be less abundant in patients than in healthy donors. Both T and NK cells demonstrated elevated expression of activity and maturation markers (CD44, granzyme B, and phosho-STAT5 Y694) in patients. Although mass cytometry remains an expensive method with limited scalability, our data suggest the utility for employing a 42-plex profiling for cellular immune surveillance in whole blood, and possibly as a biomarker platform in future clinical trials. The findings encourage further investigations of single cell immune profiling in CR1<sub>MRD+</sub> AML-patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10883,"journal":{"name":"Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine A Devitt, Wolfgang Kern, Malgorzata A Kajstura, Eda K Holl, Amanda L Hays, Benjamin D Hedley, Christèle Gonneau, Evan R Jellison, Thomas W McCloskey, Shruti Mishra, Jennifer Rebeles, Madhu M Ouseph
{"title":"Implementation of flow cytometry testing on rare matrix samples: Special considerations and best practices when the sample is unique or difficult to obtain.","authors":"Katherine A Devitt, Wolfgang Kern, Malgorzata A Kajstura, Eda K Holl, Amanda L Hays, Benjamin D Hedley, Christèle Gonneau, Evan R Jellison, Thomas W McCloskey, Shruti Mishra, Jennifer Rebeles, Madhu M Ouseph","doi":"10.1002/cyto.b.22198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.b.22198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The publication of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute's guideline H62 has provided the flow cytometry community with much-needed guidance on development and validation of flow cytometric assays (CLSI, 2021). It has also paved the way for additional exploration of certain topics requiring additional guidance. Flow cytometric analysis of rare matrices, or unique and/or less frequently encountered specimen types, is one such topic and is the focus of this manuscript. This document is the result of a collaboration subject matter experts from a diverse range of backgrounds and seeks to provide best practice consensus guidance regarding these types of specimens. Herein, we define rare matrix samples in the setting of flow cytometric analysis, address validation implications and challenges with these samples, and describe important considerations of using these samples in both clinical and research settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10883,"journal":{"name":"Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jerome S Arceneaux, Asa A Brockman, Rohit Khurana, Mary-Bronwen L Chalkley, Laura C Geben, Aleksandar Krbanjevic, Matthew Vestal, Muhammad Zafar, Sarah Weatherspoon, Bret C Mobley, Kevin C Ess, Rebecca A Ihrie
{"title":"Multiparameter quantitative analyses of diagnostic cells in brain tissues from tuberous sclerosis complex.","authors":"Jerome S Arceneaux, Asa A Brockman, Rohit Khurana, Mary-Bronwen L Chalkley, Laura C Geben, Aleksandar Krbanjevic, Matthew Vestal, Muhammad Zafar, Sarah Weatherspoon, Bret C Mobley, Kevin C Ess, Rebecca A Ihrie","doi":"10.1002/cyto.b.22194","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cyto.b.22194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The advent of high-dimensional imaging offers new opportunities to molecularly characterize diagnostic cells in disorders that have previously relied on histopathological definitions. One example case is found in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), a developmental disorder characterized by systemic growth of benign tumors. Within resected brain tissues from patients with TSC, detection of abnormally enlarged balloon cells (BCs) is pathognomonic for this disorder. Though BCs can be identified by an expert neuropathologist, little is known about the specificity and broad applicability of protein markers for these cells, complicating classification of proposed BCs identified in experimental models of this disorder. Here, we report the development of a customized machine learning pipeline (BAlloon IDENtifier; BAIDEN) that was trained to prospectively identify BCs in tissue sections using a histological stain compatible with high-dimensional cytometry. This approach was coupled to a custom 36-antibody panel and imaging mass cytometry (IMC) to explore the expression of multiple previously proposed BC marker proteins and develop a descriptor of BC features conserved across multiple tissue samples from patients with TSC. Here, we present a modular workflow encompassing BAIDEN, a custom antibody panel, a control sample microarray, and analysis pipelines-both open-source and in-house-and apply this workflow to understand the abundance, structure, and signaling activity of BCs as an example case of how high-dimensional imaging can be applied within human tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":10883,"journal":{"name":"Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141476152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Updates on germline predisposition in pediatric hematologic malignancies: What is the role of flow cytometry?","authors":"Nadine Demko, Julia T. Geyer","doi":"10.1002/cyto.b.22192","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cyto.b.22192","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hematologic neoplasms with germline predisposition have been increasingly recognized as a distinct category of tumors over the last few years. As such, this category was added to the World Health Organization (WHO) 4th edition as well as maintained in the WHO 5th edition and International Consensus Classification (ICC) 2022 classification systems. In practice, these tumors require a high index of suspicion and confirmation by molecular testing. Flow cytometry is a cost-effective diagnostic tool that is routinely performed on peripheral blood and bone marrow samples. In this review, we sought to summarize the current body of research correlating flow cytometric immunophenotype to assess its utility in diagnosis of and clinical decision making in germline hematologic neoplasms. We also illustrate these findings using cases mostly from our own institution. We review some of the more commonly mutated genes, including <i>CEBPA, DDX41, RUNX1, ANKRD26, GATA2</i>, Fanconi anemia, Noonan syndrome, and Down syndrome. We highlight that flow cytometry may have a role in the diagnosis (<i>GATA2</i>, Down syndrome) and screening (<i>CEBPA</i>) of some germline predisposition syndromes, although appears to show nonspecific findings in others (<i>DDX41, RUNX1</i>). In many of the others, such as <i>ANKRD26</i>, Fanconi anemia, and Noonan syndrome, further studies are needed to better understand whether specific flow cytometric patterns are observed. Ultimately, we conclude that further studies such as large case series and organized data pipelines are needed in most germline settings to better understand the flow cytometric immunophenotype of these neoplasms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10883,"journal":{"name":"Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter Kelleher, Louise Greathead, Liam Whitby, Bruno Brando, David Barnett, David Bloxham, Ruth deTute, Alan Dunlop, Timothy Farren, Sebastian Francis, Daniel Payne, Stuart Scott, John A Snowden, Youssef Sorour, Emma Stansfield, Paul Virgo, Alison Whitby
{"title":"European flow cytometry quality assurance guidelines for the diagnosis of primary immune deficiencies and assessment of immune reconstitution following B cell depletion therapies and transplantation.","authors":"Peter Kelleher, Louise Greathead, Liam Whitby, Bruno Brando, David Barnett, David Bloxham, Ruth deTute, Alan Dunlop, Timothy Farren, Sebastian Francis, Daniel Payne, Stuart Scott, John A Snowden, Youssef Sorour, Emma Stansfield, Paul Virgo, Alison Whitby","doi":"10.1002/cyto.b.22195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.b.22195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the last 15 years activity of diagnostic flow cytometry services have evolved from monitoring of CD4 T cell subsets in HIV-1 infection to screening for primary and secondary immune deficiencies syndromes and assessment of immune constitution following B cell depleting therapy and transplantation. Changes in laboratory activity in high income countries have been driven by initiation of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1 regardless of CD4 T cell counts, increasing recognition of primary immune deficiency syndromes and the wider application of B cell depleting therapy and transplantation in clinical practice. Laboratories should use their experience in standardization and quality assurance of CD4 T cell counting in HIV-1 infection to provide immune monitoring services to patients with primary and secondary immune deficiencies. Assessment of immune reconstitution post B cell depleting agents and transplantation can also draw on the expertise acquired by flow cytometry laboratories for detection of CD34 stem cell and assessment of MRD in hematological malignancies. This guideline provides recommendations for clinical laboratories on providing flow cytometry services in screening for immune deficiencies and its emerging role immune reconstitution after B cell targeting therapies and transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10883,"journal":{"name":"Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141466791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morgane Gossez, Benjamin Bonnet, Ismael Boussaid, Nicolas Chapuis, Sylvie Cointe, Maxime Cravat, Marcelo De Carvalho Bittencourt, Francoise Dignat-George, Bertrand Evrard, Robin Jeannet, Georges Jourdi, Claire Lozano, Stephane Paul, Virginie Siguret, Louis Waeckel, Guillaume Monneret
{"title":"Multicenter inter-laboratory quality control of monocyte HLA-DR expression by flow cytometry.","authors":"Morgane Gossez, Benjamin Bonnet, Ismael Boussaid, Nicolas Chapuis, Sylvie Cointe, Maxime Cravat, Marcelo De Carvalho Bittencourt, Francoise Dignat-George, Bertrand Evrard, Robin Jeannet, Georges Jourdi, Claire Lozano, Stephane Paul, Virginie Siguret, Louis Waeckel, Guillaume Monneret","doi":"10.1002/cyto.b.22196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.b.22196","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10883,"journal":{"name":"Cytometry Part B: Clinical Cytometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141455754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}