Current World Environment最新文献

{"title":"Development of a Sustainable Dyeing Process for Cotton fabric Utilizing Natural Dyes from Punica granatum L. and Curcuma Longa","authors":"B. B. Ahire, S. Kasabe, Archana B. Mali, Vikram R. Jadhav","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Pomegranate fruit grains and turmeric have naturally dyeing properties, making them nontoxic, non-allergic, and biodegradable alternatives to synthetic dyes for coloring various textiles, including cotton. This study used pomegranate and turmeric extracts to dye bleached cotton fabric using various mordants, including pre-, post-, and simultaneous mordanting techniques. The natural dyes in these extracts contains alkaloids, tannins, anthocyanins, glycosides, and curcumin, impart different colours to the fabrics. The light sensitivity of these dyes and also role of pH of the dyeing were also explored. The wide ranges of colors were obtained by varying the concentration, ratio, and pH of the extracts, as well as the choice of mordant used. Pomegranate and turmeric extracts demonstrates the potential results as sustainable dyeing and environmentally friendly dyes for cotton fabric.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need of a Dedicated Programme on Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) in South Asia","authors":"Umesh Chandra Kulshrestha","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Potency of Cobalt Doped Modified Graphite Electrode Prepared by Electrochemical Method and its Application in Degrading Solution of Rhodamine-B dye","authors":"Hiremaralli Sathyanarayana Sindhushree, Rayapura Thimmegowda Radhika, B.M. Venkatesha","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"Primary goal of the present study is to progress a methodological framework for Rhodamine-B dye degradation using cobalt doped graphite modified electrode in aqueous solution by electrochemical method. This is environmentally friendly method. Rate study for Rh-B dye degradation under various parameters like concentration, applied current and temperature were studied and compared between Graphite electrode and Cobalt graphite electrode. Ultra Violet-Visible spectral data and Chemical oxygen demand values are evident for the complete degradation of Rhodamine-B in aqueous solution during anodic oxidation using the modified Co/graphite electrode. The dye degradation efficiency for Cobalt graphite modified electrode (Co/GME) increases by 77% compared to graphite electrode. The COD values decreases to ~98% than the initial COD after degradation with Co/GME. Increase in applied current, temperature increases the rate of degradation and follows first order kinetics up to 60% of the reaction. Hydroxyl (.OH) free radicals are produced by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which are attack the dye molecules and cause them to degrade. SEM/EDAX is used to observe the formation of cobalt layer in the rod of graphite. Under various laboratory settings ICE values were computed, it shows that Cobalt doped graphite modified electrode acts as a good anode to degrade Rh-B dye and it converted into CO2, H2O, and other basic inorganic salts. This procedure is straightforward, inexpensive, and can be used to treat wastewater that contains organics.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Zooplankton Community in the Kagina River Dam Kachur, Sedam Taluk, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka","authors":"Siddaram L Poojari, Siddharam Kottalagi, Chaitra Kollur","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"Zooplankton plays a vital role in the aquatic food chain particularly for fishes and aquatic animals. The current study was conducted on community of Zooplankton in Kagina River Dam, Kachur, Sedam Taluk, Kalaburagi, Karnataka. Water samples were collected every month for oneyear i.e., October 2022 to September 2023. Twenty species of zooplankton are recorded and are belong to three groups such as rotifer (Eight species), Cladocera (Six species) and Copepoda (Six species). From the investigation, we can conclude that the Rotifera is the dominant group among the other groups of zooplankton recorded during the survey.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Surface Dew Point Temperature, Precipitable Water and the Lifted Index on the Precipitation over Hyderabad (India).","authors":"Mohammad Taiyab, Rizwan ul Haq Ansari *, Md.Khaleelur Rahiman, Hakeem Aleem Basha","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"In this manuscript, we analyze some significant atmospheric parameters relating to precipitation over Hyderabad. For that purpose, we study the relationships between dew point temperature, precipitable water, lifted index with precipitation and the correlation between these parameters. Our analysis includes interpolation, correlation, and regression. For the ten-year average of monthly mean data, the correlation coefficient of dew point temperature with precipitable water is 0.95, the lifted index with precipitable water is (-0.82), the precipitable water with precipitation is 0.96, the lifted index with precipitation is (-0.69). For complete time series monthly mean data, the correlation of dew point temperature with precipitable water is 0.83, the lifted index with precipitable water is (-0.74), the precipitable water with precipitation is 0.78, lifted index with precipitation is (-0.51). Thus, there is positive correlation between some parameters, while negative correlation between others. We have also noticed more precipitation when the precipitable water values range from 40 mm to 60 mm and when the LI is more negative. The degree of relationship between dew point temperature and natural logarithm of Precipitable Water was excellent over Hyderabad and a regression equation relating the two parameters was computed. The probability of precipitation and severe weather occurrence could be identified along with Td, PW and LI. Thus, there is a possibility that LI, Td and PW can be potential parameters to measure the occurrence of precipitation events.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Per-Urban Land Alteration in and Around Siliguri City, India: A Geo-Spatial Study","authors":"Subham Roy, Ranjan Roy","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.38","url":null,"abstract":"Urban studies in more detailed form have emphasized zonal development and spatio-temporal transformation of cities. With the progress of time, the city expands outward, which gives birth to new urban areas. While areas within the administrative boundary of a city often goes through the process of planning, those, outside the administrative jurisdiction of the city often lack proper management and organization of land. This often results in haphazard urban growth and proliferation of semi-formal settlements within the peri-urban setting of developing nations. The present study was conducted for exploring the dynamics of peripheral urban land alterations in and around Siliguri city. For in-depth research, three buffer zones were delineated and supervised classification-based satellite images were incorporated to visualize the usage and coverage of land (LULC) based transformations of over the years. In addition, NDVI and LST were used to trace the changes in vegetation quality and surface temperature at the buffer zone level. The findings show a deterioration in vegetation health and an increase in surface temperature of the land in newly developed built-up and desolate regions. All three buffer zones showed a negative association the temperature of the land surface and the health of the vegetation. Furthermore, spatial extent of built-up land determined by remote sensing data was compared to population growth rates to calculate the Land Conversion Rate-Population Growth Rate (LCRPGR). The study emphasizes that peri-urbanization has accelerated the spread of built-up areas across the three zones, reflecting population constraints on land and yielding an overall LCRPGR value of 3.22. Importantly, the study demonstrated how the change-induced evidence of peri-urban dynamics has led to land transformation in the study area. Importantly, the study highlights how evidence of peri-urban dynamics reveals land changes in the studied area. It demonstrates how the rapid rise of people and development, along with limited available land space, drives the rapid alteration of peri-urban areas inside urban cityscape.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Urban Heat Island (UHI): Challenges and Opportunities for Mitigation","authors":"Anita Yadav, Jaswant Singh","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.37","url":null,"abstract":"Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a significant issue in metropolitan regions in India, where cities are experiencing increasing temperatures ranging from 1 to 5 °C. Although UHI is a global phenomenon, it particularly impacts major cities in India, and there is a need for more research in this field. This review compares the latest global developments in UHI research with the current research in India, highlighting areas where India may lag. The review notes that there is a lack of research on UHI in numerical modeling in India, which is a limitation. Because of this, finding a solution to UHI and putting it into law requires more focus and effort. Urgent measures are required to lessen the effects of UHI in urban areas of India. Parameter outputs such as Land Surface Temperatures (LST), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) were also compared with the results of prior research and modules in the review. Using correlations from three prior studies, the analysis demonstrated that the temperature deviation approximation was 0.157 °C better than last year's manuals. Consequently, additional research is needed to address urban heat islands (UHI) in Indian cities, focusing on numerical modeling. Prompt legislative and policy responses are also necessary. The review emphasizes the importance of ongoing research into UHI in India and measures to mitigate its effects.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Tourism Trends and Vulnerability Assessment of Built Environment in Hill Stations of Indian Himalayan Region.","authors":"Shubhra Pande, Monalisa Bhardwaj","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Tourist arrivals in the Indian Himalayan region have led to an increase of 1.6 times the population of the native residents in 2019. The trend of winter tourism among foreign tourists, along with adventure and pilgrimage tourism, has resulted in an average annual growth of 28.78% between 2002 and 2013. This study focuses on the changing tourism and climatic trends in tourist hotspots of the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) to evaluate the vulnerability of the built environment, which arises from the increasing demand for tourist infrastructure. The approach taken in this research is based on secondary literature available and case studies of emerging tourist centers in and around Shimla region of Himachal Pradesh. According to records from 2019-20, domestic tourism has increased in Himachal Pradesh by 4.57% and in Shimla by 5.51%. However, the changing trends and the tourist demand for fast, unplanned infrastructure growth can lead to over-tourism and disaster vulnerability. Therefore, there is a need to consider the risk and change management in the fragile ecosystem of IHR through analysis of climatic and tourism trends. To achieve this, computerized tools such as Real-Time Systems, Intelligent Transport Systems, and Neural networks projects are suggested for feasibility and assessment of proposed tourism infrastructure projects. The suggested process will strengthen the project vision by benefiting the policymakers, stakeholders, and tourists while maintaining eco-friendly tourism opportunities through project performance management.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 80","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Plants Sensitivity to Air Pollution using Physiological and Biochemical Parameters","authors":"G. S. Prasath, M. Alga, Celine Rebellow, A. Subramani, Psidium Guajava","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.3.07","url":null,"abstract":"Plants act as a main green belt enhancement component. Green plants create a surface that may absorb air pollutants and act as a sink for them, making greenbelts an efficient method of controlling air pollution. Thus attention is needed to promote and develop green belt zones in polluted areas. The current study is focused on evaluating the air pollution tolerance levels of Mangifera indica, Ficus religiosa, Psidium guajava, Annona squamosa already grown in polluted and unpolluted sites. By taking into account biochemical markers such as total chlorophyll level, ascorbic acid level, pH, water content, the Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) was calculated. APTI is an empirical relationship that assesses the degree to which different plant species can tolerate air pollution .Plants that possess APTI value less than or equal to 11 are known as sensitive, between 12 and 16 are moderately tolerant and greater than 17 are tolerant. The results obtained from the study showed that M. indica is more tolerant in nature. The rest of the plants used in the study are found to be intermittently tolerant. From this study, it can be concluded that planting Mangifera indica, Psidium guajava ,Annona squamosa, Ficus religosa in urban areas can reduce air pollution. This study also concludes that use of the APTI evaluation for the identification of air pollution tolerant plants is a suitable method.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139626983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Wavelet Integrated Artificial Neural Network (W-ANN) Approaches for Rainfall Modeling of Southern Rajasthan, India","authors":"Vinayak Paradkar, H. K. Mittal","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.3.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.3.17","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses the challenge of predicting erratic rainfall in Rajasthan state of India, particularly in southern regions. Reliable rainfall predictions are crucial for water resource management and agriculture planning. The research involved selecting 58 stations across seven districts of southern Rajasthan and identifying the best fit computational neural (ANN) and wavelet integrated computational neural (W-ANN) architectures based on performance metrics. Different combinations of input characters, hidden layer neurons, learning algorithms, and training cycles were tested to determine optimal models. Hybrid models, combining wavelet analysis with ANN, were explored to tackle non-stationary hydrologic signals effectively. Results showed that ANN Model C with ten input layer neurons performed best for 74% of stations, followed by Model B (21% of stations) and Model A (5% of stations). Models with increased input and hidden layer neurons performed better. Among the selected stations, 81% of stations demonstrated improved performance using W-ANN models due to effective signal decomposition and information extraction. The hybrid W-ANN models outperformed simple ANN models for rainfall prediction. Both ANN and W-ANN models accurately forecasted weekly rainfall, as observed in the comparison of actual and forecasted values.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 63","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139627940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}