Current World Environment最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Urbanization on Air Quality of Dehradun District","authors":"Sneha Dhankar, Gayatri Singh, Krishan Kumar","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing trend of urbanization poses a significant challenge to environmental sustainability, particularly concerning air quality. This study examines the impact of rapid urbanization on the Dehradun district land use and land cover (LULC), with the built-up area increasing from 44.2 km² to 276.5 km² between 2000-2019. The LULC analysis highlights a significant expansion of built-up areas influencing regional air quality. A comprehensive analysis of air pollutants and environmental factors spanning 2000 to 2019, utilizing TROPOMI, OMI, MODIS, MOPITT, and CHIRPS data, was also conducted. Spatial variations of air pollutants, including CO i.e. carbon monoxide, HCHO i.e. formaldehyde and NO2 i.e. nitrogen dioxide demonstrate higher concentrations in urbanized areas. Temporal variations exhibit seasonal peaks during the summer months. A 15-year trend analysis indicates a consistent rise in NO2 and HCHO, attributed to urbanization and anthropogenic activities. The correlation matrix highlights strong positive correlations among air pollutants, suggesting common sources or influences. The correlation between NO2 and CO stands at 0.652, between HCHO and CO is 0.583, and between HCHO and NO2 is 0.619. Higher correlation values of more than 0.4 are observed between the land surface temperature and pollutant concentrations, highlighting the influence of anthropogenic activities on temperature rise. In an attempt to mitigate the negative effects of uncontrolled urban sprawl on the district of Dehradun's air quality and overall environmental health, the study underscores the pressing need for sustainable urban planning. These findings contribute valuable insights for decision-makers to formulate effective strategies for environmental conservation against the unfavourable consequences of swift urbanization.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bamboo Bandalling Technique for River Bank Protection and Flood Control – A Critical Review","authors":"Md Shaheer Ali","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"River training is crucial for safeguarding river banks against erosion and preventing damage during floods. Various established methods like spurs, dykes, and revetments have been employed for many years. Researchers are currently investigating a novel river training approach known as bandal-like structures, aiming to demonstrate their cost-effectiveness as a potential alternative to existing structures. The bamboo bandalling technique effectively controls erosion and promotes sedimentation in rivers, reducing sediment loads. Biodegradable bamboo, readily available and cost-effective, ensures minimal harm to aquatic life. However, these structures require replacement after a single monsoon season, making them suitable for short-term river training in low-discharge, unsubmerged conditions. The current study analyzes scour around bandalling structures, emphasizing the need for further research to address discrepancies in velocity distribution and optimize scour control. Numerical simulation strengths and weaknesses highlight the suitability of Artificial Neural Networks, Genetic Algorithms, and Computational Fluid Dynamics for different aspects of the investigation.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy Metal Phytoremediation by Crop Species at Hebbal Industrial Area, Mysuru, India","authors":"Santhosh M. Sosale, R. N S","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.36","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals are frequently added to the soil in the area of study as a result of industrialization. Removing this heavy metal from the soil is a difficult procedure, and phytoremediation is an essential and effective method for remediation. Heavy metals present in the study area include Fe, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn. Two plants namely Brassica juncea L. and Rapanus sativus L. were successfully grown on the polluted areas soil samples for phytoremediation. Brassica juncea L remediates the heavy metals Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd, while Rapanus sativus L remediates Cd, Cu, Pb, and Fe. These two plants can uptake metal from roots to shoots, which means metal concentration is transferred from roots to shoots of the plant, indirectly decreasing concentration in the soil. Brassica juncea L was remediated for heavy metals Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn at a rate of 25.47%, 38.74%, 31.60%, and 26.75%, respectively. The remediation percentages for Rapanus sativus L of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Fe were 21.01%, 37.08%, 23.77%, and 47.19%, respectively. Brassica juncea L remediate in the order of Cu>Pb>Zn>Cd, and Rapanus sativus L Fe>Cu>Pb>Cd were in decreasing order. Shoots of Brassica juncea L had a higher bioconcentration than the roots of Rapanus sativus L, which clearly explains the metal uptake capacity of the plant. This paper investigated the uptake of heavy metals from roots to shoots, as well as their bioconcentration.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need of a Dedicated Programme on Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) in South Asia","authors":"Umesh Chandra Kulshrestha","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Surface Dew Point Temperature, Precipitable Water and the Lifted Index on the Precipitation over Hyderabad (India).","authors":"Mohammad Taiyab, Rizwan ul Haq Ansari *, Md.Khaleelur Rahiman, Hakeem Aleem Basha","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"In this manuscript, we analyze some significant atmospheric parameters relating to precipitation over Hyderabad. For that purpose, we study the relationships between dew point temperature, precipitable water, lifted index with precipitation and the correlation between these parameters. Our analysis includes interpolation, correlation, and regression. For the ten-year average of monthly mean data, the correlation coefficient of dew point temperature with precipitable water is 0.95, the lifted index with precipitable water is (-0.82), the precipitable water with precipitation is 0.96, the lifted index with precipitation is (-0.69). For complete time series monthly mean data, the correlation of dew point temperature with precipitable water is 0.83, the lifted index with precipitable water is (-0.74), the precipitable water with precipitation is 0.78, lifted index with precipitation is (-0.51). Thus, there is positive correlation between some parameters, while negative correlation between others. We have also noticed more precipitation when the precipitable water values range from 40 mm to 60 mm and when the LI is more negative. The degree of relationship between dew point temperature and natural logarithm of Precipitable Water was excellent over Hyderabad and a regression equation relating the two parameters was computed. The probability of precipitation and severe weather occurrence could be identified along with Td, PW and LI. Thus, there is a possibility that LI, Td and PW can be potential parameters to measure the occurrence of precipitation events.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Per-Urban Land Alteration in and Around Siliguri City, India: A Geo-Spatial Study","authors":"Subham Roy, Ranjan Roy","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.38","url":null,"abstract":"Urban studies in more detailed form have emphasized zonal development and spatio-temporal transformation of cities. With the progress of time, the city expands outward, which gives birth to new urban areas. While areas within the administrative boundary of a city often goes through the process of planning, those, outside the administrative jurisdiction of the city often lack proper management and organization of land. This often results in haphazard urban growth and proliferation of semi-formal settlements within the peri-urban setting of developing nations. The present study was conducted for exploring the dynamics of peripheral urban land alterations in and around Siliguri city. For in-depth research, three buffer zones were delineated and supervised classification-based satellite images were incorporated to visualize the usage and coverage of land (LULC) based transformations of over the years. In addition, NDVI and LST were used to trace the changes in vegetation quality and surface temperature at the buffer zone level. The findings show a deterioration in vegetation health and an increase in surface temperature of the land in newly developed built-up and desolate regions. All three buffer zones showed a negative association the temperature of the land surface and the health of the vegetation. Furthermore, spatial extent of built-up land determined by remote sensing data was compared to population growth rates to calculate the Land Conversion Rate-Population Growth Rate (LCRPGR). The study emphasizes that peri-urbanization has accelerated the spread of built-up areas across the three zones, reflecting population constraints on land and yielding an overall LCRPGR value of 3.22. Importantly, the study demonstrated how the change-induced evidence of peri-urban dynamics has led to land transformation in the study area. Importantly, the study highlights how evidence of peri-urban dynamics reveals land changes in the studied area. It demonstrates how the rapid rise of people and development, along with limited available land space, drives the rapid alteration of peri-urban areas inside urban cityscape.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Zooplankton Community in the Kagina River Dam Kachur, Sedam Taluk, Kalaburagi District, Karnataka","authors":"Siddaram L Poojari, Siddharam Kottalagi, Chaitra Kollur","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"Zooplankton plays a vital role in the aquatic food chain particularly for fishes and aquatic animals. The current study was conducted on community of Zooplankton in Kagina River Dam, Kachur, Sedam Taluk, Kalaburagi, Karnataka. Water samples were collected every month for oneyear i.e., October 2022 to September 2023. Twenty species of zooplankton are recorded and are belong to three groups such as rotifer (Eight species), Cladocera (Six species) and Copepoda (Six species). From the investigation, we can conclude that the Rotifera is the dominant group among the other groups of zooplankton recorded during the survey.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Potency of Cobalt Doped Modified Graphite Electrode Prepared by Electrochemical Method and its Application in Degrading Solution of Rhodamine-B dye","authors":"Hiremaralli Sathyanarayana Sindhushree, Rayapura Thimmegowda Radhika, B.M. Venkatesha","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.23","url":null,"abstract":"Primary goal of the present study is to progress a methodological framework for Rhodamine-B dye degradation using cobalt doped graphite modified electrode in aqueous solution by electrochemical method. This is environmentally friendly method. Rate study for Rh-B dye degradation under various parameters like concentration, applied current and temperature were studied and compared between Graphite electrode and Cobalt graphite electrode. Ultra Violet-Visible spectral data and Chemical oxygen demand values are evident for the complete degradation of Rhodamine-B in aqueous solution during anodic oxidation using the modified Co/graphite electrode. The dye degradation efficiency for Cobalt graphite modified electrode (Co/GME) increases by 77% compared to graphite electrode. The COD values decreases to ~98% than the initial COD after degradation with Co/GME. Increase in applied current, temperature increases the rate of degradation and follows first order kinetics up to 60% of the reaction. Hydroxyl (.OH) free radicals are produced by advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), which are attack the dye molecules and cause them to degrade. SEM/EDAX is used to observe the formation of cobalt layer in the rod of graphite. Under various laboratory settings ICE values were computed, it shows that Cobalt doped graphite modified electrode acts as a good anode to degrade Rh-B dye and it converted into CO2, H2O, and other basic inorganic salts. This procedure is straightforward, inexpensive, and can be used to treat wastewater that contains organics.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140992538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on Urban Heat Island (UHI): Challenges and Opportunities for Mitigation","authors":"Anita Yadav, Jaswant Singh","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.37","url":null,"abstract":"Urban Heat Island (UHI) is a significant issue in metropolitan regions in India, where cities are experiencing increasing temperatures ranging from 1 to 5 °C. Although UHI is a global phenomenon, it particularly impacts major cities in India, and there is a need for more research in this field. This review compares the latest global developments in UHI research with the current research in India, highlighting areas where India may lag. The review notes that there is a lack of research on UHI in numerical modeling in India, which is a limitation. Because of this, finding a solution to UHI and putting it into law requires more focus and effort. Urgent measures are required to lessen the effects of UHI in urban areas of India. Parameter outputs such as Land Surface Temperatures (LST), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), and Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI) were also compared with the results of prior research and modules in the review. Using correlations from three prior studies, the analysis demonstrated that the temperature deviation approximation was 0.157 °C better than last year's manuals. Consequently, additional research is needed to address urban heat islands (UHI) in Indian cities, focusing on numerical modeling. Prompt legislative and policy responses are also necessary. The review emphasizes the importance of ongoing research into UHI in India and measures to mitigate its effects.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141128803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Tourism Trends and Vulnerability Assessment of Built Environment in Hill Stations of Indian Himalayan Region.","authors":"Shubhra Pande, Monalisa Bhardwaj","doi":"10.12944/cwe.19.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.19.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Tourist arrivals in the Indian Himalayan region have led to an increase of 1.6 times the population of the native residents in 2019. The trend of winter tourism among foreign tourists, along with adventure and pilgrimage tourism, has resulted in an average annual growth of 28.78% between 2002 and 2013. This study focuses on the changing tourism and climatic trends in tourist hotspots of the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) to evaluate the vulnerability of the built environment, which arises from the increasing demand for tourist infrastructure. The approach taken in this research is based on secondary literature available and case studies of emerging tourist centers in and around Shimla region of Himachal Pradesh. According to records from 2019-20, domestic tourism has increased in Himachal Pradesh by 4.57% and in Shimla by 5.51%. However, the changing trends and the tourist demand for fast, unplanned infrastructure growth can lead to over-tourism and disaster vulnerability. Therefore, there is a need to consider the risk and change management in the fragile ecosystem of IHR through analysis of climatic and tourism trends. To achieve this, computerized tools such as Real-Time Systems, Intelligent Transport Systems, and Neural networks projects are suggested for feasibility and assessment of proposed tourism infrastructure projects. The suggested process will strengthen the project vision by benefiting the policymakers, stakeholders, and tourists while maintaining eco-friendly tourism opportunities through project performance management.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":" 80","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}