Current World Environment最新文献

{"title":"Trace Metal Contamination and Associated Health Effects in the Shivnath River Tributaries","authors":"Sukhpreet Kaur Bhatia, Sumita Nair","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.17","url":null,"abstract":"Present study focus on manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and aluminium (Al), trace metals contamination assessment in some tributaries of Shivnath River. To assess the cumulative impact of the studied trace metals on Shivnath River water quality, the heavy metal pollution index (HPI) is calculated. Since the Shivnath River is one of the major rivers of the studied area the impact of the studied trace metals present in river water on human health is evaluated by computing human exposure (EXPing), hazardous quotient (HQing), human exposure surface water (HEsw), carcinogenic risk (CRing). The study reveals no severe health effects due to presence of studied trace metals in rivers since the obtained values were less than 1.0, but in future care should be taken to avoid any unfavourable conditions.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of Distillery Effluent Treatment and its Bioremediation Using Microorganism: A Review.","authors":"Ajad Patel, Rajeeva Gaur, Tuhina Verma, Ranjan Singh","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"Waste management is a global issue with which the entire globe is currently grappling. The composition and characteristics of the pollutants in effluents are unknown, which poses the greatest worry. The Industrial Revolution has captured the attention of environmentalists worldwide. Their concern regarding the lethal effects of untreated industrial effluent wastewater is growing daily. Dealing with a range of hazardous compounds is costly and complicated, which hinders wastewater treatment. Recent years have paved the way for microorganisms to act as a low-cost source for detoxifying such a complex effluent mixture. Their simple availability and moderate cost make them the preferred technique. Bioremediation is the method of utilising the high and diversified metabolic activity of microorganisms to breakdown contaminants in industrial wastewater, particularly distillery effluent. Their readily available nature and affordable price make them the preferred option. Bioremediation is the process of using bacteria and other organisms with strong metabolic activity to breakdown contaminants in industrial effluents, particularly distillery effluents. Microorganisms like Bacteria fungi etc.,alone or in conjunction with other organisms, create an environment conducive to not only the breakdown of toxicants but also the production of some useful byproducts. This review focuses on distillery effluents, particularly melanoidins, and the reported microorganisms utilised for decolorization. The study combines a vast array of microorganisms that are utilised alone or in conjunction with other organisms in the decolorization process.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Seed Priming Technique on Seed Germination and Plant Growth Under Salt Stress in Oryza sativa","authors":"Vedanti Garg, Naiya Chauhan, Sonia Chauhan, Ishani Mallick, Shweta Sharma, Rama Sisodia","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.20","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity stress limits agricultural productivity by adversely affecting seed germination and seedling growth. It negatively impacts essential metabolic processes by imposing osmotic and oxidative stress due to ion toxicity. Seed priming is an innovative approach that can ensure seed germination and seedling establishment for ameliorating salinity stress in plants. In this study, response of two popular rice cultivars, PB 1121 and PB 1718 to various priming treatments was evaluated under salt stress. Out of the two, cultivar PB 1718 performed better and showed improved germination, and plant growth when given a priming treatment with Salicylic acid (1mM), KNO3 (1%), Moringa leaf extract (100%) and Neem leaf extract (50%) under salt stress of NaCl (150 mM). In cultivar PB 1121, no significant change was seen in germination indices under salt stress as compared to control. However, Salicylic acid (1mM), KNO3 (1%), Proline (50mM), Moringa leaf extract (100%), MgSO4 (10mM) and Neem leaf extract (50%) treatments resulted in improved root growth.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic Thermal Collector (PVT) by Cooling Using Nano Fluid in the Climate Condiation of India","authors":"Mrigendra Singh, S.C Solanki, Basant Agrawal, Rajesh Bhargava","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.21","url":null,"abstract":"The hybrid PVT collector is built to deliver simultaneously using heat energy and electrical current. The overall efficiency increases with increased heat removal, lowering the cell temperature. The current study investigates the effect on heat removal rate using copper nanoparticles dissipated in volume fractions of 2% and 3% with pure water. Using mathematical modeling is constructed from the heat balance equation in different components of the PVT collector. It is found that as the volume concentration increases, the electrical performance is also increased. Average electrical efficiencies are 14.5%, 14.8%, 16.8%, and thermal efficiency are 30.59%, 27.32%, and 21.27% for summer, winter, and monsoon seasons, climatic conditions of the city Ujjain of India, respectively.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135988925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigations on Alkali Treated Modified Fibers of Desert Plant Prosopis juliflora","authors":"Deepshikha yadav, G.P. Singh","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.36","url":null,"abstract":"The development of natural fiber reinforced composite material is increasing at very fast rate due to their eco-friendly and biodegradable nature. NFCs natural fiber reinforced composites have various properties such as low cost, low density, recyclability, renewability and good physical and mechanical strength. NFCs have wide range of applications such as in automobile, sports, aerospace, marine, home appliances and in building construction. In this paper we used prosopis juliflora desert plant fibers as a filler to make biodegradable composites and alkali treatment was done to modification of fiber in order to make high strength composites materials. By using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), water absorption tests, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), this paper examines the effects of surface modification on the fibers. By conducting SEM analysis it has been observed that the chemical treatment of fibers can improve adhesion of the composites. Water absorption test concluded that due to the higher porosity and better surface energy of the treated fiber it had a higher rate of water absorption than the untreated fibers. FTIR results concluded that due to more crystalline structure and more ordered structure crystallinity index of the treated fibers increases compared to untreated fibers. FTIR results proves that TCI total crystallinity index and the LOI lateral order index is high for PJ treated fibers as compared to untreated PJ fibers.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135987778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pesticide Soil Pollution: An Overview about Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Remediation Technologies","authors":"Puspendu Shit, Indranil Bhattacharjee, Partha Pratim Chakravorty, Harekrishna Jana, Yuji Sakai","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.25","url":null,"abstract":"The use of pesticides presents a looming danger to the living elements of our ecological system, crops, and the well-being of our species. As an outcome, various organic contaminants pollute the soil. Different physical, chemical, and biological remediation techniques have been employed for the decontamination of pesticide-polluted soils. Remediation technology should always be affordable, on-site or in-situ, and capable of restoring the soil's natural functionality. The presence of multiple pesticides can pose challenges in effectively remediating them from the soil. The present work examines the scientific literature on the benefits and drawbacks of various existing and emerging soil remediation techniques. Customized technology choices and designs for specific site conditions enhance the effective cleanup of polluted areas. The present study, which evaluates and contrasts various technological approaches, shall serve as an invaluable tool for determining the optimal soil remediation method for a given contamination dilemma.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135988923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Spatial Variability Mapping of Soil Properties and its Impacts on Agricultural Productivity using GIS Approach in Siliguri Sub-Division, West Bengal, India","authors":"Abhisek Sarkar, Dipesh Roy, Deepak Kumar Mandal","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.28","url":null,"abstract":"Soil surveying and mapping are extremely important in order to comprehend the characteristics of soil and what applications there are in agriculture, irrigation, urbanisation, and other land uses purposes. A major hindrance to the maximum production of the land is soil degradation brought on by inappropriate land management techniques. Geographical variability mapping of soil parameters is necessary for the agricultural productivity, food safety and environmental modelling. This research was done to identify some of the soil characteristics in the Siliguri Sub-Division. The present study had been conducted in the four blocks of Siliguri Sub-Division, located at the foot hill of the Darjeeling Himalayas in the Terai region of West Bengal, India. To comprehend the geographic variability of soil characteristics using a geospatial technique Soil pH, Phosphorus (P), Organic Carbon (OC), Nitrogen (N), Sulphur (S) and Potassium (K)were measured. To evaluate the current soil status of the area, some important chemical characteristics of the soil were identified. Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were used to create surface maps of soil attributes, and sampling-broad analysis utilizing GPS was found to be a potentially effective tool. The goal of the study is to use an innovative method to carry out a soil analysis in a newly developed area. The production of digital maps for soil attributes allowed GIS to be used in the study to portray the laboratory results of the soil analysis. Utilizing variable technology, such digital mapping can be utilised in the research on agricultural applications. The result obtained from the research portray that the soil is acidic in nature and the pH value ranges between pH 6.1 to pH 4.5. Moreover, the presence of Nitrogen is between 0.13 to 1.90 %. Organic Carbon ranges between 2.22 to 1.47 %. The range of Potassium is between 32 ppm to 58 ppm, Phosphorus ranges between 09 to 27 ppm and sulphur content ranges between 10.4 to 32.3 ppm. The investigations will assist the development of a sustainable ecological status and proper agricultural system. Subsequently, it will also help to local government, environmentalists, LULC planners to promote any developmental plan related to agriculture and soil in the Siliguri Sub-division.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Reptilian Diversity at Gautala Reserve Forest, Aurangabad (Maharashtra), India.","authors":"Amrin Naimoddin Mirza, Satish S. Patil","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.27","url":null,"abstract":"Reptiles are playing a vital role in ecology. These reptiles show a diverse range of habitat adaptations. They are dispersed in extreme desert conditions as well as in low-temperature areas and they are broadly dispersed across the world. The occurrence of reptiles is a sign of rich biodiversity and ecology. To assess the distribution of the reptile species in a given area, a reptilian species survey was carried out in the Gautala Reserve Forest, where 15 different spots were selected during the rainy, winter, and summer seasons. A checklist was created for the period of 2017-2018. During the investigation, a total of 28 species of reptiles from 6 families were found. The transect method was used to sample direct and indirect evidence of reptilian species. This paper discusses seasonal variations in reptilian diversity and statistical analysis methods. The Boidae family has fewer species than various other families, compared to the huge number of species of the Colubridae family reported in the current study. According to the IUCN, Three species of reptiles, the Common Sand Boa (Gongylophis Conicus), India Rock Python (Python molurus molurus), and John's Sand Boa (Eryx johnii), are Near Threatened (NT- Decreasing), and one species of reptile, the Gunther's Racer (Coluber gracilis), is Data Deficient (DD-Unknown). The remaining 24 species of reptiles are considered Least Concerned. Baseline information on the resilience of these reptile species was collected for the current investigation. These details will be useful for future planning on the preservation of reptile diversity.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135989240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Urban Wastelands using GIS and IoT as Tools for Spatial Data Analysis","authors":"Lavanya Vikram, Monalisa Bhardwaj","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.35","url":null,"abstract":"Large urban development around cities often results in vacant, abandoned or unproductive land parcels, sometimes called ‘wastelands’. There are various types of urban vacant land identified as post-industrial, derelict, land without any vegetation and left unattended, natural, and transportation-related vacant lands. The traditional way of collecting the data to study and manage such massive wastelands is hugely time consuming. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote sensing applications can extract periodic spatial changes and make it easier to collect and generate base maps, assess the number of wastelands in a given city, and remotely assess the extent of the area of wastelands/ vacant/ degraded lands. GIS also helps as a valuable tool to identify the neighboring land uses, lakes, green cover, and road networks, which could be considered as base work for any study to progress further with accurate information. Newer technologies like big data and cloud-assisted technology are employed in IoT applications for these wastelands to formulate an intelligent environment. Factors such as workforce, time, labor, transportation, money, and all other logistics can thus be strategized better with the combination of GIS and IoT applications; these are integral to wasteland monitoring and management practices for urban regions. This review paper aims to demonstrate how GIS, remote sensing, and IoT facilitate us to carry out monitoring, analyze, extrapolate, process, store, and integrate the spatial data for urban wastelands; and becomes a basis for planning and decision-making for on-site and management plans.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135987780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clog-Resistant Permeable Pavement: Methods of Performance Measurement","authors":"Zishan Raza Khan, Syed Aqeel Ahmad","doi":"10.12944/cwe.18.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12944/cwe.18.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"Permeable pavements are considered to be one of the effective measures for LID (i.e. Low Impact Development) and SUDS (i.e. Sustainable Urban Drainage System) globally. The major three types of permeable pavements are (a) pervious concrete (PC), (b) previous asphalt (PA), and (c) permeable interlocked concrete paver (PICP). The performance of all types of permeable is satisfactory at the start of the service life but greatly reduced if not maintained on time. Considering the long lengths of the pavements, measurement of permeability at different locations is a cumbersome and tedious task. Therefore, ease of performance and realistic results are of vital importance. In this study, ASTM C1701/C1701M—17a single ring infiltrometer, Stormwater Infiltration Field Test (SWIFT), and NCAT permeameter Methods are discussed in detail and examined for their relative ease of setting-up, versatility and performance. It is concluded that ASTM C1701/C1701M—17a single ring infiltrometer is the most versatile, easy to set up and produces accurate results.","PeriodicalId":10878,"journal":{"name":"Current World Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135988324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}