I. Belyaeva, E. Bombardirova, E. Prihodko, A. Kruglyakov, A. A. Mikheeva, A. R. Larina
{"title":"Clinical Phenotypes of Malnutrition in Young Children: Differential Nutritional Correction","authors":"I. Belyaeva, E. Bombardirova, E. Prihodko, A. Kruglyakov, A. A. Mikheeva, A. R. Larina","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2495","url":null,"abstract":"This review article summarizes current data on malnutrition etiology and pathogenesis in infants. Topical requirements for revealing this condition, its diagnosis and severity assessment via centile metrics are presented. The characteristics of the most common clinical phenotypes of postnatal growth insufficiency in infants (premature infants with different degree of maturation, including patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia) are described. Differential approaches for malnutrition nutritional correction in these children are presented. The final section of the article describes special nutritional needs for children with congenital heart defects in terms of hemodynamic disorders nature and severity. Modern nutritional strategies for preparation of these patients to surgery and for their postoperative period are presented. The use of high-calorie/high-protein product for malnutrition correction in the most vulnerable patients with described in this review phenotypes is worth noticing.","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78337453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Yatsyk, G. Karkashadze, V. Altunin, I. A. Povalyaeva, P. A. Prudnikov, L. Namazova-Baranova, E. Vishneva
{"title":"Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as Promising Method for Studying Cognitive Functions in Children","authors":"L. Yatsyk, G. Karkashadze, V. Altunin, I. A. Povalyaeva, P. A. Prudnikov, L. Namazova-Baranova, E. Vishneva","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2490","url":null,"abstract":"The description of new promising method of functional neuroimaging, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), is presented. General information on functional tomography and its features in children are given. Brief description on the history of fNIRS development, the method itself, its advantages and disadvantages are covered. fNIRS implementation areas in science and clinical practice are clarified. fNIRS features are described, and the role of this method among others in functional tomography is determined. It was noted that fNIRS significantly complements other research and diagnostic methods, including functional magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, induced potentials, thereby expanding the range of scientific and clinical issues that can be solved by functional neuroimaging.","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"82 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91133491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New Strategies for Enhancement of Infant Milk Formulas Composition","authors":"I. Belyaeva, E. Bombardirova, T. Turti","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2468","url":null,"abstract":"This article covers the issues of remodeling breast milk’s protective properties during creating infant milk formulas. First of all, this concerns the conditions for normal intestinal microbiota development in growing organism. Its quantitative and qualitative features are the trigger of either sanogenetic, or pathological immune and metabolic reactions, and also determine gut-brain axis functioning. The protective significance of prebiotic composition diversity of mammalian milk and the inductive role of breast milk oligosaccharides are shown. The modern concept of synbiotics role in gastrointestinal tract and other systems functioning, as well as the use of modern synbiotics in the creation of infant formulas (available Russian formula included) are presented.","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"86 9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91118608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Appearance and Establishment of Breastfeeding Amongst Animals: From Echidna and Platypus to Mammals and Human","authors":"S. Ukraintsev, T. Samal","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2492","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides review of the scientific literature dedicated to the evolutionary aspects of breastfeeding in the animal kingdom. Differences in breast milk composition amongst different mammals along with changes in breast milk composition during evolution provided. Special attention is paid to oligosaccharides — unique components of the breast milk of Homo sapiens.","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72713052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Senkevich, Maria A. Chernobrovkina, Yu. G. Kovalsky
{"title":"Vitamin D Supplementation of 7–8 Years Old Children from Different Geographical Areas (48–52° North Latitude): Cross Sectional Study","authors":"O. Senkevich, Maria A. Chernobrovkina, Yu. G. Kovalsky","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2461","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children by their geographic latitude of residence requires follow-up study. This is crucial for implementation of preventive measures that can reduce the risk of developing pathological conditions associated with vitamin D deficiency.Objective. The aim of the study is to study the vitamin D supplementation of 7–8 years old children living in different geographical latitudes of one subject of Russian Federation.Methods. The study included relatively healthy children living in three geographical areas (northern — 52°, central — 50°, southern — 48°) of one region (Khabarovsk Krai). Vitamin D supplementation was evaluated by 25(OH)D serum concentration via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Vitamin D insufficiency was diagnosed at 25(OH)D concentration of 21–30 ng/ml, deficiency — 10–20 ng/ml, severe deficiency — < 10 ng/ml; optimal 25(OH)D concentration was considered as 30–100 ng/ml.Results. The increase in prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency has been revealed with gradual increase from southern (57%) to central (73%) and northern (83%) geographic areas in 7–8 years old children living in the same region. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency (25(OH)D ≤ 30 ng/mL) among children living in the northern geographic area was greater by 3.8-fold (95% confidence interval 1.2–12.7) then among peers living in the southern areas.Conclusion. One factor affecting 25(OH)D serum concentration in children of this region is the insolation level determined by the geographical latitude of residence. The 4°N difference is significant in determining vitamin D status in residents of relatively high latitudes. Further studies of factors associated with 25(OH)D concentration in children living in different latitudes are required (insolation level, number of sunny days per year, food and household characteristics in families).","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85533368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Choice of Product for Mixed or Formula Feeding of Infant: Beneficial Properties of Goat’s Milk Formula","authors":"I. Belyaeva, E. Bombardirova, T. Turti","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2469","url":null,"abstract":"This review summarizes the benefits of goat’s milk as the basis to produce adapted milk formulas according to relevant infants feeding issues. The characteristics of main nutrients of modern goat’s milk formulas are presented. A balanced protein composition enriched with β-palmitate, presence of prebiotics-oligosaccharides, natural nucleotides and probiotics advances these formulas closer to breast milk and provide their multipotent sanogenetic effects. The unique composition of goat’s milk formulas allows to ensure normal physical growth of a baby, induces tissue and systemic immunity via adequate intestinal microbiota formation, maintains normal functioning of gut-brain axis, that promotes vegetative and visceral disorders (due to functional digestive disorders) correction. Thus, it is possible to recommend goat’s milk formulas in cases of forced mixed or formula feeding of healthy infants and children with functional digestive disorders.","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80947494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Belyaeva, L. Namazova-Baranova, E. Bombardirova, T. Turti
{"title":"World Trends in Infant Formulas Composition Enhancement","authors":"I. Belyaeva, L. Namazova-Baranova, E. Bombardirova, T. Turti","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i6.2479","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides the overview of the major strategies for infant formulas composition enhancement via modern technologies and trends in minimizing technology-related loads on the environment. Potential modifications of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of milk formulas nutrients have been determined. We also covered product contents changing over age, as well as the perspectives of using animal milk in formulas. The relevance of adding biologically active substances and living microorganisms (probiotics), their safety, and efficacy are discussed.","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90897057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. N. Korableva, E. V. Berestnev, Sergey M. Kiselyov, N. Chipsanova
{"title":"Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: Literature Review and Case Report","authors":"N. N. Korableva, E. V. Berestnev, Sergey M. Kiselyov, N. Chipsanova","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i6s.2482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i6s.2482","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a genetic disease of the heterotopic ossification group associated with the mutation in ACVR1/ALK2 gene. FOP is characterized by progressive heterotopic endochondral ossification of connective tissue that occurs in postnatal period. It leads to formation of qualitatively normal bone in extraskeletal areas. Congenital hallux deformity is typical for this disease. The clinical picture is characterized by aggravations that are usually caused by trauma or viral infections. Formation of Heterotopic ossificate formation can be observed during aggravations. There is no etiological treatment for FOP. Systemic glucocorticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), mast cell stabilisers, antileukotriene drugs and bisphosphonates can be used in these patients. Clinical case description. The child was born with congenital hallux deformity typical for FOP. The disease onset was noted at the age of 2 years 8 months with a tumor-like painful mass on the neck. Oncological (lymphoproliferative) disease was suspected but biopsy from the lesion did not confirm its malignant nature. The child was consulted by pediatric rheumatologist who has diagnosed FOP. Etanercept and zoledronic acid were administrated, though etanercept was later discontinued. For now, the child receives zoledronic acid infusions 2 times per year and daily NSAIDs. Conclusion. The difficulties in FOP diagnosing are associated to its sporadic nature and clinical picture similarity to other diseases. Suspected malignancy leads to biopsy that is highly undesirable in FOP patients due to high risk of iatrogenic complications.","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82859594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Zhurkova, N. Vashakmadze, Ludmila K. Mikhaylova, Marina A. Babaykina, N. Fedorova, E. Voskoboeva, E. Zakharova, L. Namazova-Baranova
{"title":"Results of 14-year-long Enzyme Replacement Therapy in a Patient with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II: Clinical Case","authors":"N. Zhurkova, N. Vashakmadze, Ludmila K. Mikhaylova, Marina A. Babaykina, N. Fedorova, E. Voskoboeva, E. Zakharova, L. Namazova-Baranova","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i6s.2478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i6s.2478","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is a rare hereditary disease from the group of lysosomal storage diseases, with progressive course. There is effective enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for this disease, it prevents the development of severe complications and improves patients’ quality of life. Long-term follow-up of health changes in individuals on ERT is required for evaluating the treatment impact on disease progression and eventually on the quality of life of the patient and his family. Clinical case description. Results of 14-year-long follow-up of the patient with MPS II who was the first patient on ERT with idursulfase in Russia are presented. Improvement of growth, decrease in ENT-organs infections frequency, liver and spleen sizes decrease, general stabilization, no progression in cardiovascular and respiratory events, normal levels of glycosaminoglycans in urine are shown. Conclusion. Long-term therapy with idursulfase in severe MPS II stabilizes the patient’s somatic condition, prevents the development of severe complications in cardiovascular and respiratory systems, improves the quality of life of the patient and his family. Urinary glycosaminoglycans level decrease is the important indicator of the therapy efficacy along with overall patient's somatic state.","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88866779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Murashkin, R. N. Nezhvedilova, D. V. Fedorov, R. Epishev, R. A. Ivanov, A. I. Materikin, L. A. Opryatin, A. A. Savelova, L. L. Rusakova
{"title":"Scientific and Practical Innovations in Restoring Skin Barrier Properties in Children with Atopic Dermatitis","authors":"N. Murashkin, R. N. Nezhvedilova, D. V. Fedorov, R. Epishev, R. A. Ivanov, A. I. Materikin, L. A. Opryatin, A. A. Savelova, L. L. Rusakova","doi":"10.15690/vsp.v21i5.2457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v21i5.2457","url":null,"abstract":"Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial inflammatory skin disease. Its pathogenetic basis is epidermal barrier dysfunction, immune system dysregulation, as well as skin microbiome diversity decrease that occurs due to genetic predisposition. Considering these factors, the skin of patients with AD requires constant care and use of medications with active regenerative properties. The inclusion of anti-inflammatory components in the composition of modern emollients (zinc sulfate and sucralfate) is crucial for restoring the microbiome and immune mechanisms controlling the skin. This article presents data on pathogenetic applicability and clinical efficacy of emollients with anti-inflammatory compounds in patients with AD.","PeriodicalId":10867,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81721326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}