Current Oncology Reports最新文献

{"title":"ChatGPT in Oncology Diagnosis and Treatment: Applications, Legal and Ethical Challenges.","authors":"Zihan Zhou, Peng Qin, Xi Cheng, Maoxuan Shao, Zhaozheng Ren, Yiting Zhao, Qiunuo Li, Lingxiang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01649-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01649-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This study aims to systematically review the trajectory of artificial intelligence (AI) development in the medical field, with a particular emphasis on ChatGPT, a cutting-edge tool that is transforming oncology's diagnosis and treatment practices.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent advancements have demonstrated that ChatGPT can be effectively utilized in various areas, including collecting medical histories, conducting radiological & pathological diagnoses, generating electronic medical record (EMR), providing nutritional support, participating in Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) and formulating personalized, multidisciplinary treatment plans. However, some significant challenges related to data privacy and legal issues that need to be addressed for the safe and effective integration of ChatGPT into clinical practice. ChatGPT, an emerging AI technology, opens up new avenues and viewpoints for oncology diagnosis and treatment. If current technological and legal challenges can be overcome, ChatGPT is expected to play a more significant role in oncology diagnosis and treatment in the future, providing better treatment options and improving the quality of medical services.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"336-354"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"15 Years Old ALK Gene from Birth to Adolescence; Where to in NBL.","authors":"Salma Elmenawi, Mohamed Fawzy","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01650-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01650-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the ALK gene, encompassing its prevalence, genetic alterations, and significance in neuroblastoma diagnosis, outcome prediction, and targeted therapy utilization. The insights presented aim to inform future research directions and clinical practices in this field.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>High risk neuroblastoma, comprising approximately 50% of all cases, presents a particularly poor prognosis. In 2008, the discovery of ALK aberrations in neuroblastoma marked a significant breakthrough, leading to the recognition of ALK as a target for tumors with activating ALK alterations. This discovery has paved the way for the development of various ALK inhibitors, which have shown promising clinical efficacy. ALK amplification, often observed alongside MYCN amplification, has been associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients. Activating mutations in the kinase domain of ALK, particularly at hotspot positions F1174, R1275, and F1245, have been identified. These mutations can occur at clonal or subclonal levels, posing challenges for early detection and potentially influencing disease progression and therapy resistance. The availability of ALK inhibitors, initially developed for adult cancers, has expedited the translation of this knowledge into targeted therapies for neuroblastoma. However, resistance to ALK inhibitors can emerge as a result of treatment or preexist as subclones within the tumor prior to therapy. Future trials should focus on identifying additional targets complementing ALK inhibition to enhance treatment efficacy and overcome acquired resistance. Furthermore, the utilization of circulating tumor DNA as a non-invasive approach for longitudinal monitoring of ALK-positive neuroblastoma patients, in combination with radiographic evaluation of treatment response, holds promise for understanding dynamic tumor changes over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"431-445"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions, Knowledge, and Attitudes of General Population About Prostate Cancer-Associated Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies Focusing on Lifestyle.","authors":"Catarina Leitão, Vanessa Neto, Luanna Silva, Marta Estrela, Margarida Fardilha, Fátima Roque, Maria Teresa Herdeiro","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01653-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01653-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer and the third deadliest in Europe among men. PCa has several well-established risk factors; however, the influence of lifestyle factors remains under investigation, which may hinder efforts to encourage healthier behavior adoption. Thus, this systematic review explored the general population's perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes regarding PCa-related risk factors.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Eighteen qualitative studies were included after searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE scientific databases between January 2013 and February 2023. Five major themes emerged from the 18 included studies: PCa knowledge, risk factors, lifestyle pattern changes, motivation/barriers to changing habits, and lifestyle advice support. Participants identified age, family history, genetics, and race/ethnicity as risk factors for PCa, but no consensus has been reached regarding lifestyle. However, most of the participants were willing to adopt healthier habits. Support from healthcare professionals (HPs), family, and friends, the desire for more time with loved ones, and fear of PCa consequences were cited as motivators for habit changes. However, poor economic conditions, work schedules, age, and PCa limitations hamper lifestyle changes. Effective interventions require personalized support and credible information from healthcare providers. Collaboration between family, friends, and HPs is crucial for promoting healthier behaviors and enhancing PCa management. This systematic review highlights the need for further research and innovative approaches to empower individuals towards healthier lifestyles, which could help prevent PCa or, at the very least, promote better treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"375-389"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Glioma Management: The Pivotal Role of Surgical Neuro-Oncology in Driving Innovation and Translational Research.","authors":"Jack M Shireman, Simon G Ammanuel, Mahua Dey","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01662-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01662-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>This study aims to assess the evolution of the role of surgery in advancing the treatment paradigm of primary central nervous system malignancies, gliomas.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Diagnostic and therapeutic surgical intervention is the cornerstone for management of all gliomas. Current treatment guidelines for all gliomas include maximal safe resection, with concurrent and adjuvant chemo/radiotherapy, or other targeted molecular therapies, for high-grade gliomas and subsets of low-grade gliomas dependent on mutation profiling and IDH status. The extent of surgical resection affects overall survival across all grades of gliomas. Recently, several technological advances have augmented a surgeon's ability to push the boundaries of extent of resection, while also opening the door for novel intraoperative diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Increasingly surgery is playing a pivotal role in the management of gliomas from diagnosis to therapeutic intervention, to drug delivery and progression monitoring. Novel technological advances such as advanced image guidance, fluorescence markers, intraoperative functional mapping, histological identification, and intraoperative radiation and drug delivery, provide a fertile ground for combining innovative modalities together to drive better treatment strategies and outcomes for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"446-457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143729141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneath the Surface: The Emerging Role of Ultra-Processed Foods in Obesity-Related Cancer.","authors":"Ioanna A Anastasiou, Dimitris Kounatidis, Natalia G Vallianou, Alexandros Skourtis, Krystalia Dimitriou, Ilektra Tzivaki, Georgios Tsioulos, Anastasia Rigatou, Irene Karampela, Maria Dalamaga","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01654-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01654-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purposeof review: </strong>Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are becoming more and more important in daily diets around the world; in some cases, they can account for as much as 60% of daily energy intake. Epidemiological evidence suggests that this shift toward high levels of food processing may be partially responsible for the global obesity epidemic and the rise in the prevalence of chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Few prospective studies have examined the relationship between UPF consumption and cancer outcomes. According to currently available information, UPFs may increase the risk of cancer due to their obesogenic properties and exposure to substances that can cause cancer, such as certain food additives and pollution from product processing. The complex relationship between obesity and cancer involves factors such as immune dysregulation, altered adipokine and sex hormone levels, abnormal fatty acid metabolism, extracellular matrix remodeling, and chronic inflammation. Addressing cancer risk associated with UPF consumption could involve a multifaceted approach, including consumer behavior modification programs and robust public health regulations aimed at enhancing food environments. Improved knowledge of the potential dual negative impacts of UPFs on the environment and cancer risk is one of the priority areas we identify for future research and policy implications. Various approaches could be used to prevent cancers associated with UPF consumption, such as consumer behavior change programs and stricter public health regulations needed to improve the food environment. This review examines for the first time the potential role of UPFs in cancer risk associated with obesity, exploring underlying biological mechanisms and identifying key areas for future research and policy action, including the dual environmental and health impact of UPFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"390-414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of cancer in older adults: a systematic review of age-related differences in solid malignancies treatment.","authors":"Esther Bastiaannet, Sophie Pilleron","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01638-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01638-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>We examined the latest epidemiological research on age-related differences in cancer treatment and selected outcomes, among patients with cancer aged 60 and above in comparison to younger patients.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Colorectal, pancreatic and lung cancers were studied most often. Most studies were conducted in Europe or the United States of America (USA) within single centers. For unselected patients, older patients receive less treatment, and their survival, regardless of the metric used (cancer-specific survival or overall survival), was poorer than that of middle-aged patients. Age-related differences in treatment and outcomes were more pronounced in patients aged over 80 years. However, among patients selected for treatment, complications, adverse events rates and survival probabilities were comparable between older and younger patients. Treatment differences, especially the omission of therapy, were often smaller for good prognosis cancer types. The likelihood of receiving treatment decreased as age increases, regardless of the cancer types, treatment, countries and setting. More research on treatment in older patients with cancer, especially the frailest and the oldest, is urgently needed as there is still a lack of data to tailor treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"290-311"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Diet and Nutrition on Prostate Cancer - Food for Thought?","authors":"Rodrick Babakhanlou, Krisstina Gowin","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01641-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01641-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer in men. Its incidence varies widely and is influenced by geographic location, race, ethnicity, lifestyle factors, and diet. The purpose of this review is to discuss the association between prostate cancer and diet and outline the impact of fats, carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins and phytonutrients on the pathogenesis of disease.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Although conclusive evidence is limited, current data is indicative that a diet low in particular fats, animal proteins, dairy products and high in vegetables and fruits can be beneficial in supporting the course of disease. Promoting a dietary pattern low in processed meat, dairy products, refined carbohydrates and saturated fats, but high in fruits and vegetables may have beneficial effects on prostate metabolism and inhibit various stages of carcinogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"278-289"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.","authors":"Gal Strauss, Suzanne George","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01636-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01636-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review aims to outline the current understanding of the molecular drivers and treatment paradigms of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, with a focus on recent developments in treatment in the advanced disease setting.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>There have been recent advancements in our understanding of the molecular biology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, including the identification of new genetic drivers and complex resistance mechanisms. We review the most recent findings in these areas, focusing on how new research insights are reshaping treatment strategies. Recent advancements in our understanding of the biology and treatment of GIST are paving the way for more personalized and effective therapeutic options. As knowledge of rare molecular subtypes, resistance mechanisms, and novel genomic techniques grows, new approaches are emerging in an effort to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"312-321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current State of Evidence on Definitions and Management of High-Risk Multiple Myeloma.","authors":"Bhavesh Mohan Lal, Frits van Rhee, Samer Al Hadidi","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01639-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01639-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review aims to address the subgroup of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) who have high-risk multiple myeloma (HRMM) and continue to experience poor outcomes despite recent therapeutic advances. We will explore various clinical, biochemical, imaging, genetic, and dynamic features associated with high-risk status, along with the different risk stratification tools developed to identify HRMM patients.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Although numerous parameters for defining HRMM have been proposed, a universally accepted definition remains absent. Studies have shown diverse treatment responses and varying outcomes in HRMM patients, prompting the development of tailored therapeutic approaches. Emerging evidence supports the need for refined definitions and more targeted strategies to improve HRMM management. HRMM patients represent an unmet need in NDMM treatment, and a standardized definition for HRMM is crucial for advancing research and clinical care. This review discusses current and future treatment options, the necessity for a consistent HRMM definition, and the importance of clinical trials focused on this high-risk group to bridge existing treatment gaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"258-277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric Renal Tumors: A State-of-the-Art Review.","authors":"Cecilia Salzillo, Gerardo Cazzato, Gabriella Serio, Andrea Marzullo","doi":"10.1007/s11912-025-01644-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11912-025-01644-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Pediatric renal tumors comprise a wide range of conditions, both malignant and benign, that affect children and require a multidisciplinary approach for optimal diagnosis and treatment. This review offers an in-depth analysis of the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment options, outcomes, and survival of major pediatric renal tumors.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Wilms tumor, or nephroblastoma, is the most common form of renal tumor in children, characterized by growth from primitive renal cells. Standard treatment involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and, in some cases, radiation therapy, with the aim of removing the tumor, preventing recurrence and maximizing the chances of long-term recovery. Less common pediatric renal tumors, such as renal clear cell sarcoma, renal cell carcinoma, mesoblastic nephroma, and malignant rhabdoid tumor, require similarly careful and individualized management. Therapeutic strategies, which depend on the characteristics of the tumor, the stage of the disease and the individual response to therapy, may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and, in some cases, molecular targeted therapies, immunotherapies and genetic and epigenetic therapies. The management of pediatric kidney tumors requires the involvement of a multidisciplinary team of specialists to ensure accurate evaluation, optimal treatments and long-term follow-up. The aim is to maximize the prospects for recovery and improve the quality of life of patients and their families. Advances in innovative, personalized therapies represent an important opportunity to further improve clinical outcomes in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10861,"journal":{"name":"Current Oncology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"211-224"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}