PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Economic Effects of Transportation Infrastructure Quantity and Quality: A Study of German Counties","authors":"Dennis Gaus, H. Link","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3545188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3545188","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we analyze the impact of transportation infrastructure quantity and quality on regional economic production. We exploit an extensive panel dataset on the German county level (N=401), expressing the capital value and condition of highways between 2007 and 2016, to estimate a spatially extended translog production function. The spatial specification uses SLX and SDEM models, with various linear and nonlinear variants estimated using FGLS and GMM estimators accounting for endogeneity. We find, in line with existing research, a positive impact of the quantity of transport infrastructure both locally and supra-regionally. We furthermore provide evidence for the claim that insufficient maintenance and low infrastructure conditions significantly slow economic growth through a negative correlation between GDP and the quality grade of highways. A more detailed analysis, distinguishing different types of highways and constructions, confirms these findings and underlines the importance of the Bundesstrasen network as compared to the Autobahn system. The estimated impact of the quality of bridges is rather ambiguous and requires further research to achieve a better understanding.","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133791622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Seaport Traffic Scheduling Problem: Formulations and a Column-Row Generation Algorithm","authors":"Shuqin Li, Shuai Jia","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3431604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3431604","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Traffic congestion in seaports can lead to uncontrolled execution of berth plans, causing severe vessel delays and long waiting times. In this paper, we schedule the vessel traffic of a seaport by optimizing the utilization of the navigation channel and the anchorage areas in the terminal basin. We model the traffic scheduling problem as a mixed integer linear program (MILP), which takes as inputs the physical layout of a seaport and the berth plans devised by the terminal operators, to minimize the berthing and departure delays of vessels and the number of vessels that cannot berth or depart successfully. We reformulate the MILP into a more compact set-partitioning formulation, develop a column generation algorithm for solving the problem, and propose three performance enhancement strategies, namely, a row generation method, a pricing problem reduction method, and a heuristic pricing method, to accelerate the convergence of the column generation algorithm. Computational performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated on benchmark instances that are generated from the physical layout and operational data of the Yangshan Deep-water Port in Shanghai.","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124543654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online Appendix for 'One Belt One Road Initiative and China’s Overseas Direct Investment' Prepared for the Book 'How China's Silk Road Initiative is Changing the Global Economic Landscape'","authors":"Julan Du, Yifei Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3382224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3382224","url":null,"abstract":"Online Appendix for \"One Belt One Road Initiative and China’s Overseas Direct Investment\" Prepared for the Book \"How China's Silk Road Initiative is Changing the Global Economic Landscape\"","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122871692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Parameters Affecting Efficiency of Construction Workers","authors":"V. Dakwale, Aman Agrawal, Kashish Agrawal, Raghav Bajaj, Y. Chauhan, Shreyas Pandhripande","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3375918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3375918","url":null,"abstract":"Construction industry in India is second largest industry next to Agriculture. The companies dealing with construction projects can be divided into small, medium and large construction companies. Depending on the quantum of work construction activities may be automatic or semi automatic, mostly in small and medium projects they are labor intensive. These activities require tough physical work. A large percentage of construction workers are not systematically trained in their jobs and achieve proficiency only after experience. This results in to improper work conditions and put ill effect on efficiency/ productivity of workers. Additionally it results in to poor health condition of workers. In the present paper a systematic study of factors affecting efficiency of construction worker is done. A field survey is carried out to collect the data regarding the factors affecting health of workers. Data is analyzed and conclusions are drawn. It is observed that most of the workers are suffering from back pain, mental stress and head ach due to their work conditions.","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"148 Pt 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126321382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Economic Development of Gujarat and Kerala (A Study With Special Reference to the Role of Infrastructure in Economic Development)","authors":"Sanjeev Sushil Jha, J. Tandon","doi":"10.34218/jom.6.1.2019.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34218/jom.6.1.2019.005","url":null,"abstract":"India is considered to be one among the top 10 fastest developing countries of the globe and the growth rate of the economy has been one of the highest among the countries of the world for the last few years. The country started garnering momentum of growth after the economic reforms in 1991 which has been followed by massive investment in infrastructure building in the country by the entry of many countries and companies through FDI participation. The country is forecasted to grow at a higher rate in future also which is evidenced by the data released by international agencies such as IMF, WTO and the World Bank. The country’s inclusion in trade blocks such as BRICS is an indication of its growing importance among various trading nations. The economy has been experiencing an annual average growth rate of around 6.02 percent from 1991 onwards. To maintain the tempo of growth, infrastructure development is an inevitable necessity as all the sectors of an economy depends upon the basic infrastructural framework for it smooth and efficient functioning. Even though the concept of economic development used to be measured in terms of growth of output, a real outlook about the economic progress can be assessed by measuring the growth rate in per capita output and human development index, which is very much influenced by infrastructure development. Regional development in terms of infrastructure growth in a nation like India is highly impacted by a mixed bag of multiple factors such as topographical, economic and political variables. The uneven pattern of investment in industries as well as in economic overhead like transportation and communication facilities, irrigation and power has resulted in regional disparities also in India. Kerala and Gujarat are very small regions in India; still these states are center of attention of the world’s development economists due to the improvement in infrastructure facilities. The main objective of this study is to compare the growth models of both the states and assess the role of infrastructure like transportation and power in the economic development of these states.","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123980308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connective Financing - Chinese Infrastructure Projects and the Diffusion of Economic Activity in Developing Countries","authors":"R. Bluhm, A. Dreher, A. Fuchs, Bradley C. Parks, Austin Strange, M. Tierney","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3262101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3262101","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the causal effect of transport infrastructure on the spatial concentration of economic activity. Leveraging a new global dataset of geo-located Chinese government-financed projects over the period from 2000 to 2014 together with measures of spatial inequality based on remotely-sensed data, we analyze the effects of transport projects on the spatial distribution of economic activity within and between regions in a large number of developing countries. We find that Chinese-financed transportation projects reduce spatial concentration within but not between regions. In line with land use theory, we document a range of results which are consistent with a relocation of activity from city centers to their immediate periphery. Transport projects decentralize economic activity particularly strongly in regions that are more urbanized, located closer to the coast, and less developed.","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131066554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factor‐Biased Public Infrastructure and Wage Inequality","authors":"Jiancai Pi, Pengqing Zhang","doi":"10.1111/rode.12393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12393","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes how factor‐biased public infrastructure affects the skilled–unskilled wage inequality. In the basic model with a full employment economy, we find that when the weighted dependence of skilled labor and capital in the urban skilled sector on public infrastructure is large enough relatively to that of unskilled labor and capital in the urban unskilled sector, the wage inequality will be expanded. We also discuss labor‐biased and capital‐biased public infrastructure in our framework, and find that the relative dependences of relevant labor or capital on public infrastructure are important determinants of wage inequality. In the extended models, we analyze separately the issue of wage inequality in the economy with unemployment and the totally open capital market, and find the results of the basic model almost still hold.","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125865939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highway Infrastructure: Issues Concerning Private-Sector Participation","authors":"R. Król","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3232903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3232903","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the economic issues and evidence surrounding the role of the private sector in providing highway infrastructure. The focus is on public-private partnerships (PPPs) or long-term concession agreements between governments and private firms. PPP proponents have called for shifting infra- structure construction to the private sector to take advantage of more efficient provision of projects and the transfer of project risk from taxpayers to investors. Evidence from the United States and abroad does not consistently support this contention, although limitations in the research paradigms make a significant portion of the evidence of limited value. It is likely that idiosyncratic issues related to a particular project and the type of government involvement or over- sight come into play. Another issue associated with expanding the use of PPPs for public investment is the design of concession contracts. Some contracts are renegotiated, distorting incentives for bidding up front and for efficient production once the project moves forward. To get the incentives right, PPPs should involve competitive bidding, no contract renegotiation, and the potential for bankruptcy for participating private firms who overestimate the revenues that can be generated or underestimate the costs in their initial bids.","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132879446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrastructure Classification Revisited","authors":"M. Momoh","doi":"10.24297/JSSR.V12I1.7277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/JSSR.V12I1.7277","url":null,"abstract":"The impact infrastructure has long been viewed as a key ingredient for economic development. Though it has a strong growth promoting, the enormous need and complexity of infrastructure has made it difficult to define. The infrastructure definition and classification debate has been on for decades. Scholars have argued that and viewed the issue of definition and classification from different perspective ranging from aggregation to the need to reconcile the analytic and not necessarily compatible objectives. This paper reconciles the issues around the description and classification of infrastructure. It examined the various classification overtime, taking cognizance of the issues of appropriate description to meet policy challenges.","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127883918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future Accessibility Impacts of Transport Policy Scenarios: Equity and Sensitivity to Travel Time Thresholds for Bus Rapid Transit Expansion in Rio De Janeiro","authors":"R. Pereira","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3147748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3147748","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The accessibility impacts of transport projects ex-post implementation are generally evaluated using cumulative opportunity measures based on a single travel time threshold. Fewer studies have explored how accessibility appraisal of transport plans can be used to evaluate policy scenarios and their impacts for different social groups or examined whether the results of project appraisals are sensitive to the time threshold of choice. This paper analyzes how different scenarios of full and partial implementation of the TransBrasil BRT project in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) will likely impact the number of jobs accessible to the population of different income levels. The analysis is conducted under various travel time thresholds of 30, 60, 90 and 120 min to test whether the results are sensitive to the boundary effect of the modifiable temporal unit problem (MTUP). Compared to a partial operation scenario, the full implementation of TransBrasil that extends this corridor into the city center would lead to higher accessibility gains due to network effects of connecting this BRT to other transport modes. Nonetheless, the size of the accessibility impacts of the proposed BRT as well as its distribution across income classes would significantly change depending on the time threshold chosen for the accessibility analysis. Considering cut-off times of 30 or 60 min, both scenarios of TransBrasil would lead to higher accessibility impacts in general and particularly for low-income groups, moving Rio towards a more equitable transportation system. However, under longer thresholds of 90 and 120 min, an evaluation of this project would find much smaller accessibility gains more evenly distributed by income levels. The paper highlights how time threshold choice in cumulative opportunity measures can have important but overlooked implications for policy evaluation and it calls for further research on the MTUP in future transport and mobility studies.","PeriodicalId":108610,"journal":{"name":"PSN: Infrastructure (Topic)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115468041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}