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Engineering next-generation chimeric antigen receptor-T cells: recent breakthroughs and remaining challenges in design and screening of novel chimeric antigen receptor variants 下一代嵌合抗原受体-T 细胞工程：设计和筛选新型嵌合抗原受体变体的最新突破和仍然面临的挑战。
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103223
{"title":"Engineering next-generation chimeric antigen receptor-T cells: recent breakthroughs and remaining challenges in design and screening of novel chimeric antigen receptor variants","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are a powerful treatment against hematologic cancers. The functional phenotype of a CAR-T cell is influenced by the domains that comprise the synthetic receptor. Typically, the potency of therapeutic CAR-T cell candidates is assessed by preclinical functional assays and mouse models (i.e. human tumor xenografts). However, to date, only a few sets of domains (e.g. CD8, CD28, 41BB) have been extensively tested in preclinical assays and human clinical studies. To characterize the efficiency of a CAR, different assays have been utilized to analyze T cell phenotypes, such as expansion, cytotoxicity, secretome, and persistence. However, each of these previous studies evaluated the importance of an assay differently, resulting in a wide range of functionally diverse CARs. In this review, we highlight recent (high-throughput) methods to analyze CAR domains and demonstrate their impact on inducing T cell phenotypes and activity. We also describe advances in computational methods and their potential for identifying CAR variants with enhanced properties. Finally, we reflect on the need for a standardized scoring system to support the clinical development of next-generation CARs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Review: can bioelectrochemical sensors be used to monitor soil microbiome activity and fertility? 回顾：生物电化学传感器能否用于监测土壤微生物组的活动和肥力？
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103222
{"title":"Review: can bioelectrochemical sensors be used to monitor soil microbiome activity and fertility?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review presents current knowledge on applying bioelectrochemical sensors to monitor soil fertility through microbial activity and discusses future perspectives. Soil microbial activity is considered an indicator of soil fertility due to the interconnected relationship between soil nutrient composition, microbiome, and plant productivity. Similarities between soils and bioelectrochemical reactors provide the foundation for the design of bioelectrochemical sensors driven by microorganisms enriched as electrochemically active biofilms on polarized electrodes. The biofilm can exchange electrons with electrodes and metabolites with the nearby microbiome to generate electrochemical signals that inform of microbiome functions and nutrient bioavailability. Such mechanisms can be harnessed as a bioelectrochemical sensor for proxy monitoring of soil fertility to address the need for real-time monitoring of soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Engineering T-cell receptor–like antibodies for biologics and cell therapy 为生物制剂和细胞疗法设计类 T 细胞受体抗体。
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103224
{"title":"Engineering T-cell receptor–like antibodies for biologics and cell therapy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A major prevailing challenge limiting our ability to fully harness the potential of the latest-generation therapeutic antibodies is the scarcity of clinically established disease-specific targets. A major next step forward will therefore be to expand this target space. The recent clinical success of immunotherapies such as adoptive T-cell transfer, immune checkpoint inhibition, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy strongly supports focusing on the immunopeptidome of peptides presented by human leukocyte antigen (pHLA) that are normally surveilled by T-cell receptors (TCRs). Directing novel antibody development toward pHLA targets has given rise to TCR-like antibodies, which reached the clinic in 2020, as both bispecific T-cell engaging antibodies and the CARs of CAR-T cell therapies. In this review, we highlight recent advances in TCR-like antibodies, including therapeutic modalities, engineering strategies, and benchmarks for success.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Albumin-based strategies to effectively prolong the circulation half-life of small immunomodulatory payloads in cancer therapy 在癌症治疗中有效延长小型免疫调节有效载荷循环半衰期的基于白蛋白的策略
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103218
{"title":"Albumin-based strategies to effectively prolong the circulation half-life of small immunomodulatory payloads in cancer therapy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Small immunomodulatory payloads (IMMs) such as peptide vaccines and cytokines have the capability to activate and boost the immune response against cancer. However, their clinical use has often been hindered by their poor stability and short circulating half-lives. To enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of small IMMs and promote their trafficking and accumulation in lymphatic and tumor tissues, a large variety of strategies have been developed. One of the most successful relies on the use of serum albumin (SA), the most abundant protein in the circulatory and lymphatic system. Here, we report a comparative analysis of the different covalent and noncovalent SA-based strategies applied so far to improve the efficacy of small IMMs in cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial overview: Nanobiotechnology: A focus on the fundamentals 编辑综述：纳米生物技术：关注基本原理
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103220
{"title":"Editorial overview: Nanobiotechnology: A focus on the fundamentals","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sharp solutions to cleave plant fibers 切割植物纤维的锐利解决方案。
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103219
{"title":"Sharp solutions to cleave plant fibers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant cells sequester atmospheric carbon in thick walls containing heterogenous networks of cellulose and hemicelluloses (e.g. xylan and mannan), surrounded by additional polymers. Plants and microbes secrete glycosyl hydrolases that act alone or as modular complexes to modify extracellular polysaccharides. While several carbohydrate-active enzymes have been successfully targeted for crop improvement, additional hydrolytic proteins or more efficient versions are needed for the circular bioeconomy. Here, we discuss persistent challenges and emerging opportunities to enhance extracellular enzymes for use in plants or as tools to process biomass for various products. In addition to the design of minimal cellulosomes that combine microbial scaffolding proteins and polysaccharide-degrading enzymes, we review three major strategies that could improve the properties of plant-derived glycosyl hydrolases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The expansion of fungal organisms in environmental biotechnology 扩大真菌生物在环境生物技术中的应用。
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103217
{"title":"The expansion of fungal organisms in environmental biotechnology","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungal organisms hold vital roles in ecosystem processes. Despite their intricate entanglement with most life on earth and their powerful metabolic capacities, they remain under-represented in environmental biotechnology. The interest in applying fungal biotechnologies to different environments is growing, as light is shed on their versatile potential. A diversity of fungi can be harnessed to promote crop yield, remediate pollutants from terrestrial and aquatic environments, and mitigate climate change impacts. Current technological advancements, such as the increase in high-accuracy ‘omics pipelines, provide improvement. However, it is emphasized that there are many knowledge gaps regarding applying fungal biotechnology at scale where other organisms are inherently present. Hence, there is a dire need to increase funding that enables in-depth studies on fungal processes, such as degradation capacities, metabolite production, and cross-kingdom interactions, that promote climate-smart biotechnologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Challenges and future perspectives for high-throughput chimeric antigen receptor T cell discovery 高通量嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞发现的挑战和未来展望。
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103216
{"title":"Challenges and future perspectives for high-throughput chimeric antigen receptor T cell discovery","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Novel chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell designs are being developed to overcome challenges with tumor recognition, trafficking, on-target but off-tumor binding, cytotoxicity, persistence, and immune suppression within the tumor microenvironment. Whereas traditional CAR engineering is an iterative, hypothesis-driven process in which novel designs are rationally constructed and tested for <em>in vivo</em> efficacy, drawing from the fields of small-molecule and protein-based therapeutic discovery, we consider how high-throughput, functional screening technologies are beginning to be applied for the development of promising CAR candidates. We review how the development of high-throughput screening methods has the potential to streamline the CAR discovery process, ultimately improving efficiency and clinical efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proteomics insights into the fungal-mediated bioremediation of environmental contaminants 蛋白质组学对真菌介导的环境污染物生物修复的启示。
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103213
{"title":"Proteomics insights into the fungal-mediated bioremediation of environmental contaminants","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As anthropogenic activities continue to introduce various contaminants into the environment, the need for effective monitoring and bioremediation strategies is critical. Fungi, with their diverse enzymatic arsenal, offer promising solutions for the biotransformation of many pollutants. While conventional research reports on ligninolytic, oxidoreductive, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, the vast potential of fungi, with approximately 10 345 protein sequences per species, remains largely untapped. This review describes recent advancements in fungal proteomics instruments as well as software and highlights their detoxification mechanisms and biochemical pathways. Additionally, it highlights lesser-known fungal enzymes with potential applications in environmental biotechnology. By reviewing the benefits and challenges associated with proteomics tools, we hope to summarize and promote the studies of fungi and fungal proteins relevant in the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Methane to bioproducts: unraveling the potential of methanotrophs for biomanufacturing 从甲烷到生物产品：揭示甲烷营养体在生物制造方面的潜力。
IF 7.1 2区 工程技术
Current opinion in biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103210
{"title":"Methane to bioproducts: unraveling the potential of methanotrophs for biomanufacturing","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous increase in the world population, anthropogenic activities will generate more waste and create greenhouse gases such as methane, amplifying global warming. The biological conversion of methane into biochemicals is a sustainable solution to sequester and convert this greenhouse gas. Methanotrophic bacteria fulfill this role by utilizing methane as a feedstock while manufacturing various bioproducts. Recently, methanotrophs have made their mark in industrial biomanufacturing. However, unlike glucose-utilizing model organisms such as <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>, methanotrophs do not have established transformation methods and genetic tools, making these organisms challenging to engineer. Despite these challenges, recent advancements in methanotroph engineering demonstrate great promise, showcasing these C1-carbon-utilizing microbes as prospective hosts for bioproduction. This review discusses the recent developments and challenges in strain engineering, biomolecule production, and process development methodologies in the methanotroph field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10833,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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