Current Cardiology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"The Heart of Psoriasis: Cardiovascular Alterations and Common Inflammatory Mechanisms.","authors":"Elpidio Santillo, Luciano Marini, Lucio Cardinali","doi":"10.2174/011573403X412277250911072530","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X412277250911072530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This mini-review aims to investigate the shared pathophysiological mechanisms linking psoriasis to cardiovascular disease (CVD), with a particular emphasis on electrocardiographic and echocardiographic alterations in individuals affected by psoriasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted for studies published between January 1980 and June 2025. The search included clinical trials, observational studies, reviews, and meta-analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pathogenesis of psoriasis shares several key features with CVD, particularly systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Psoriasis patients frequently exhibit electrocardiographic abnormalities, such as arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF), and structural cardiac changes, such as left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. These cardiovascular changes are often observed even in the absence of clinically manifest heart disease.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Psoriasis significantly contributes to cardiovascular risk, even in patients without manifest CVD. Chronic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances are key factors contributing to the increased cardiovascular risk observed in these individuals. Furthermore, the presence of psoriatic arthritis may exacerbate these associations, highlighting the multifaceted nature of the disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early detection and management of cardiovascular alterations in patients with psoriasis are essential for mitigating their long-term cardiovascular burden. Targeting shared inflammatory pathways may represent a promising therapeutic strategy to improve both dermatological and cardiovascular health in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X412277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supersaturated Oxygen Delivery & Acute MI: Current Evidence, Practical Issues, and Future Research.","authors":"Adhvithi Pingili, Mounika Reddy Vadiyala, Maneeth Mylavarapu, Muhammad Bilal, Narayana Varalakshmi Akula, Mallareddy Banala, Neelima Katukuri","doi":"10.2174/011573403X351088250802160032","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X351088250802160032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute myocardial infarction is a significant global health issue, with a high mortality rate. Early intervention, specifically coronary angiography, has been shown to improve patient outcomes significantly. Recent technological advances have introduced novel therapeutic interventions like Supersaturated Oxygen (SSO₂) Therapy, which promises enhanced recovery post-ischemia. To evaluate the efficacy and potential benefits of SSO₂ therapy in improving post-ischemic outcomes, including left ventricular function, myocardial scarring, and overall cardiac morphology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review synthesizes findings from early clinical trials and pre-clinical animal studies focusing on the application of SSO₂. The therapy involves delivering oxygen at ten times the normal level directly to the infarcted artery to facilitate high oxygen diffusion before restoring downstream flow.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Pre-clinical studies demonstrate that SSO₂ therapy enhances Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), increases mean arterial PaO2, reduces myocardial apoptosis, and decreases myocardial scarring and infarct sizes. Clinical trials, including the Acute Myocardial Infarction with Hyperoxemic Therapy (AMIHOT I and AMIHOT II), have shown improvements in echocardiographic regional wall motion and have helped in preventing myocardial dilatation and remodeling.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SSO₂ therapy presents a promising advance in the treatment of myocardial infarction. While early results are favorable, indicating significant improvements in cardiac function and tissue preservation, long-term follow-up studies are necessary to determine the impact on mortality rates, recurrence of ischemic events, and healthcare resource utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X351088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13273748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144793660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular Pharmacology Patent on Mebeverine.","authors":"Bartosz Tylkowski, Iwona Gulaczyk","doi":"10.2174/011573403X400036251023104509","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X400036251023104509","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X400036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145899466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Risk Factors, Preterm Birth, and Future Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Literature Review.","authors":"Chunsong Hu","doi":"10.2174/011573403X380996251024112346","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X380996251024112346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preterm birth (PTB) is a major challenge in public health around the globe. However, little is known about associations among maternal risk factors (mRFs), PTB, and future cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review article discusses the current status of PTB, the side effects of some traditional cultures, and the role of major mRFs related to unhealthy \"environmentsleep- emotion-exercise-diet\" intervention [E(e)SEEDi] lifestyle on PTB and future CVD (fCVD). This narrative review and interpretive analysis was based on literature sourced from PubMed using the keywords 'maternal,' 'risk factor,' 'lifestyle,' 'preterm birth,' and 'CVD.' The interpretation of the findings was informed by the author's extensive clinical experience over the past decades. Data were mainly extracted from about 180 articles listed in the reference section. Totally, there are more than 50 modifiable and non-modifiable mRFs before and during pregnancy (especially 28 weeks to 37 weeks), which may result in PTB and recurrent PTB. In fact, these major mRFs play a pivotal role in the development of fCVD in both pregnancy women and newborns. The origins of fCVD link to not only major mRFs but also other adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) and adverse neonates outcomes (ANO). Possible mechanisms include increased risk of lipid disorders and atherosclerosis, as well as DNA methylation. Herein, a healthy E(e)SEEDi lifestyle is crucial for controlling and preventing PTB and fCVD, but the underlying mechanisms require further clinical and experimental investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X380996"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13519567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145899449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pompe Disease: A Review of Diagnosis, Molecular Genetics, and Treatment Management.","authors":"Najlae Adadi, Mohamed Yassine El Brouzi","doi":"10.2174/011573403X377990250818051032","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X377990250818051032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pompe disease, a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder, results from mutations in the GAA gene that lead to deficient acid alpha-glucosidase activity and glycogen accumulation in various tissues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review employs the diagnostic approach to the disease, encompassing enzymatic assays and molecular genetics, with a focus on genotype-phenotype correlations and regionspecific mutations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 500 mutations in the GAA gene, including missense, nonsense, insertions, deletions, and splicing defects, contribute to varying levels of enzyme deficiency, accounting for the diverse clinical manifestations of Pompe disease.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Current therapies, including Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), are the cornerstone treatments for Pompe disease, utilizing recombinant human alpha-glucosidase to restore enzyme activity and reduce glycogen accumulation in lysosomes. While ERT significantly improves survival, cardiomyopathy, and respiratory function, its limited uptake in skeletal muscle and immunogenicity pose challenges. Innovations include immune tolerance protocols and nextgeneration enzymes to enhance skeletal muscle delivery. Gene therapy emerges as a promising alternative, leveraging viral vectors to deliver functional GAA genes, thereby enabling sustained endogenous enzyme production and addressing limitations of ERT. Preclinical and early-phase trials demonstrate efficacy, reduced immunogenicity, and enhanced skeletal muscle uptake; however, challenges, such as vector immunogenicity and cost, remain. Thus, genetic counseling is essential for family planning and managing emotional and psychosocial challenges related to this disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article highlights advances and challenges in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of Pompe disease, providing a comprehensive resource for clinicians and researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X377990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13273755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Cardiotoxicity in Cancer Treatment: Insights into Fluoropyrimidine-induced Cardiac Events.","authors":"Ashika Bhattarai, Manodeep Chakraborty, Md Hasnat Jahan Ali, Chetiz Sharma, Akanchya Rai, Rudra Acharya, Yuan Rai, Ananya Bhattacharjee, Nihar Ranjan Bhuyan","doi":"10.2174/011573403X335593250413154832","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X335593250413154832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fluoropyrimidine (FP) is a key cancer treatment but often causes side effects, notably cardiotoxicity. This cardiotoxicity can present as angina, arrhythmia, dyspnea, and palpitations, requiring urgent cardiologist attention. The etiology, management, and frequency of FP-induced cardiotoxicity are still unknown despite long-term use.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The article aims to provide an overview of the pathogenic occurrence, cardiac event risk factor, possible underlying mechanism of FP-cardiotoxicity, diagnostics, and therapeutic approach for the corrective management of this clinical condition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Review was performed by searching extensively for various existing literature search PubMed, Web of science and Scopus using suitable keywords to find articles that support our review study.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>FP induced cardiotoxicity results in morbidness and fatality in patient undergoing the treatment. Thus, an effective management system must be standardized to effectively treat and prevent this clinical condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The cardiotoxic event following 5-FU has been lesser-known clinical entity with limited study on its pathophysiology and management. In the diagnosis procedure, each patient undergoing FP treatment ought to have early symptom identity, risk categorization, and therapy individualized based on benefit-risk ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X335593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12951064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Protective Effects of Pioglitazone on Radiation-Induced Cardiac Injury in an <i>In Vivo</i> Model: A Biochemical and Histopathological Investigation.","authors":"Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri, Fatemeh Jalali-Zefrei, Ehsan Zamani, Asma'a H Mohamed, Aynaz Sourati, Mohammad Shourmij, Mehrsa Majdayeen, Arsalan Salari, Zobin Souri, Soghra Farzipour","doi":"10.2174/011573403X388076250807224407","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X388076250807224407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>RIHD is a significant complication in cancer radiotherapy, caused by oxidative stress and tissue damage. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of PGZ pretreatment against RIHD by assessing oxidative stress markers, enzyme levels, biochemical parameters, and cardiac tissue changes in a mouse model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>72 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into eight groups: control, PGZ (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg), IR (8 Gy), and IR + PGZ (at three doses). PGZ was administered daily for 10 days before exposure to RT on Day 11. 24 hours post-irradiation, cardiac tissues were analyzed for MDA levels, GPX and GSH concentrations, and serum markers including LDH and CPK. Histopathological examination was performed at 1 week and 1 month after irradiation to evaluate early inflammatory changes and late fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed GPX activity increased by 28.2% and 48.4%, and GSH levels rose by 37.6% and 52.9% at doses of 20 and 30 mg/kg PGZ. MDA levels decreased by 40.35% and 52.63% at doses of 20 and 30 mg/kg, respectively. Serum LDH was reduced by 36.2% at 30 mg/kg. Tissue damage was significantly mitigated, with reductions of 88.9% at one week and 91.2% at one month. Fibrosis reduction was 23.5%, 41.5%, and 53.3% for 10, 20, and 30 mg doses.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings highlight PGZ's potential to protect against RIHD via antioxidant enhancement; however, further clinical validation and exploration of long-term safety are essential.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PGZ shows promise in reducing RIHD by enhancing antioxidants and decreasing tissue damage, warranting further clinical investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X388076"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13273751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart Transplantation: Immunological Challenges Revisited.","authors":"Sara Assadiasl, Sepehr Safdel, Mahsa Gheitasi, Mohammad Hossein Nicknam","doi":"10.2174/011573403X362826250619112705","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X362826250619112705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immunologic responses to cardiac allografts initiate before transplantation during brain-dead organ procurement and might persist for years after transplantation, culminating in chronic allograft dysfunction. Despite remarkable advances in post-transplant care and immunosuppressive agents, acute cellular and antibody-mediated rejections as well as chronic allograft vasculopathy significantly affect cardiac allograft and patient survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Herein, recent findings of the molecular mechanisms involved in the inflammatory responses before and after heart transplantation, including brain death donor inflammation, acute cellular rejection, antibody-mediated rejection, and chronic allograft dysfunction, have been summarized, along with novel therapeutic approaches for their treatment. Finally, recent developments in prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for immunological complications have been provided, with an overview of the most promising biomarkers to date.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Due to the recent developments in the description of molecular mechanisms involved in the immunopathogenesis of cardiac allograft rejection, some immune cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and adhesion molecules have been proposed as therapeutic targets for the prevention or treatment of alloimmune responses. In addition, several molecules derived from graft tissue or immune cells, e.g. natriuretic peptides, cardiac troponins, exosomal products, microRNAs, and donor-derived cell-free DNA, have been suggested as potential biomarkers for the prediction or diagnosis of cardiac transplant rejection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering the need to design non-invasive, low-cost tests for early diagnosis of post-transplant complications and convenient follow-up of the cardiac transplant recipients, peripheral blood biomarkers could be appropriate candidates for this purpose.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X362826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12976430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergent Valve Repair for Severe Traumatic Acute Tricuspid Regurgitation in Polytrauma Patients: A Case Report.","authors":"Jose Manuel Martinez Cereijo, Laura Reija Lopez, Beatriz Acuna Pais, Belen Adrio Nazar, Javier García Carro, Jose Andres Donoso Mera, Souhayla Souaf Khalafi, Angel Fernandez Gonzalez","doi":"10.2174/011573403X385402250709053830","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X385402250709053830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Traumatic tricuspid regurgitation resulting from blunt chest trauma is a rare complication, and the surgical options remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe the case of a 19-year-old male who sustained polytrauma in a scooter accident. Concomitant medical findings included massive right hemothorax, splenic burst with active bleeding, hemoperitoneum, L1-L3 spinous apophysis fracture, and 2 rib arches. Despite 6 hours of medical treatment, including high doses of noradrenaline and dobutamine, complete stabilization was not achieved. A transesophageal echocardiogram was performed, which revealed tricuspid valve damage, with one leaflet flaring due to rupture of the papillary muscle (impression of the anterior leaflet). An emergent surgery was performed, and the valve was repaired with excellent outcomes. Additionally, hemodynamic stability was achieved postsurgery, and the repair proved to be effective and durable in the medium term.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Severe traumatic acute tricuspid regurgitation in polytrauma patients can lead to cardiogenic shock and may require emergent correction of the valvopathy, as demonstrated in this case. In instances of traumatic acute tricuspid regurgitation caused by papillary muscle rupture, valve repair is a feasible approach and has shown favorable outcomes at midterm followup. Given the complex medical conditions associated with polytrauma and the typically young age of these patients, particular emphasis was placed on preserving the native valve.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X385402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13273747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alirocumab <i>versus</i> Evolocumab on Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Andre Saad Cleto, Joao Matheus Schirlo, Janete Machozeki, Camila Marinelli Martins","doi":"10.2174/011573403X357542250526072430","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X357542250526072430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The PCSK9 enzyme is present mainly in the liver and is responsible for the degradation of LDL-C receptors. Currently, there are some drugs that inhibit this enzyme, such as alirocumab and evolocumab. Consequently, these drugs reduce serum LDL-C levels. Therefore, a systematic review and a meta-analysis were carried out in order to compare alirocumab against evolocumab in reducing cardiovascular outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was carried out in accordance with PRISMA and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024573217). The following databases were searched on July, 9, 2024: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Randomized clinical trials with a control group were included and meta-analyses were performed to assess relative risk (RR). The random effects model was used in heterogeneous samples. The articles were distributed into 2 subgroups: use of alirocumab and evolocumab.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initially, 2,213 articles were found, of which 6 were included. In total, 62,119 patients participated. The RR values were significant for alirocumab in the following outcomes: myocardial infarction (MI) 0.85 (95% CI 0.77-0.93), stroke 0.75 (95% CI 0.60-0.94) and hospitalization for unstable angina 0.58 (95% CI 0.39-0.86), while for evolocumab they were significant for MI 0.75 (95% CI 0.68-0.83) and coronary revascularization 0.81 (95 CI % 0.75-0.88). There was a statistically significant difference between the drugs for hospitalization for unstable angina (p=0.02).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study highlights the benefits of PCSK9 inhibitors, especially alirocumab, in reducing major cardiovascular events. Alirocumab significantly lowered hospitalizations for unstable angina, with a 42% reduction, and showed favorable outcomes in reducing myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, and stroke. These reductions are clinically meaningful, as they lower morbidity, improve patient quality of life, and reduce healthcare costs. Both alirocumab and evolocumab are effective and safe, offering important therapeutic options for high-risk cardiovascular patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of alirocumab is preferable if the focus is to avoid hospitalizations for unstable angina or stroke, while evolocumab may be an option if one wants to avoid coronary revascularization. Both drugs are effective in reducing cardiovascular outcomes, but alirocumab was superior to evolocumab.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"e1573403X357542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12951052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}