Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology最新文献_第2页

Collaborators or competitors: the communication between RNA polymerase II and the nucleosome during eukaryotic transcription. 合作者还是竞争者：真核生物转录过程中 RNA 聚合酶 II 与核小体之间的交流。

IF 6.2 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2024.2306365

Haley A Hardtke, Y Jessie Zhang

{"title":"Collaborators or competitors: the communication between RNA polymerase II and the nucleosome during eukaryotic transcription.","authors":"Haley A Hardtke, Y Jessie Zhang","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2024.2306365","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2024.2306365","url":null,"abstract":"Decades of scientific research have been devoted to unraveling the intricacies of eukaryotic transcription since the groundbreaking discovery of eukaryotic RNA polymerases in the late 1960s. RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for mRNA synthesis, has always attracted the most attention. Despite its structural resemblance to its bacterial counterpart, eukaryotic RNA polymerase II faces a unique challenge in progressing transcription due to the presence of nucleosomes that package DNA in the nuclei. In this review, we delve into the impact of RNA polymerase II and histone signaling on the progression of eukaryotic transcription. We explore the pivotal points of interactions that bridge the RNA polymerase II and histone signaling systems. Finally, we present an analysis of recent cryo-electron microscopy structures, which captured RNA polymerase II-nucleosome complexes at different stages of the transcription cycle. The combination of the signaling crosstalk and the direct visualization of RNA polymerase II-nucleosome complexes provides a deeper understanding of the communication between these two major players in eukaryotic transcription.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11209794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139575508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epigenome editing for targeted DNA (de)methylation: a new perspective in modulating gene expression. 表观基因组编辑的定向 DNA（脱）甲基化：调节基因表达的新视角。

IF 6.2 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2024.2320659

Karishma Seem, Simardeep Kaur, Suresh Kumar, Trilochan Mohapatra

{"title":"Epigenome editing for targeted DNA (de)methylation: a new perspective in modulating gene expression.","authors":"Karishma Seem, Simardeep Kaur, Suresh Kumar, Trilochan Mohapatra","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2024.2320659","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2024.2320659","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, it has been believed that inheritance is driven as phenotypic variations resulting from changes in DNA sequence. However, this paradigm has been challenged and redefined in the contemporary era of epigenetics. The changes in DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA biogenesis, and chromatin remodeling play crucial roles in genomic functions and regulation of gene expression. More importantly, some of these changes are inherited to the next generations as a part of epigenetic memory and play significant roles in gene expression. The sum total of all changes in DNA bases, histone proteins, and ncRNA biogenesis constitutes the epigenome. Continuous progress in deciphering epigenetic regulations and the existence of heritable epigenetic/epiallelic variations associated with trait of interest enables to deploy epigenome editing tools to modulate gene expression. DNA methylation marks can be utilized in epigenome editing for the manipulation of gene expression. Initially, genome/epigenome editing technologies relied on zinc-finger protein or transcriptional activator-like effector protein. However, the discovery of clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats CRISPR)/deadCRISPR-associated protein 9 (dCas9) enabled epigenome editing to be more specific/efficient for targeted DNA (de)methylation. One of the major concerns has been the off-target effects, wherein epigenome editing may unintentionally modify gene/regulatory element which may cause unintended change/harmful effects. Moreover, epigenome editing of germline cell raises several ethical/safety issues. This review focuses on the recent developments in epigenome editing tools/techniques, technological limitations, and future perspectives of this emerging technology in therapeutics for human diseases as well as plant improvement to achieve sustainable developmental goals.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"69-98"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into the metabolism, signaling, and physiological effects of 2’,3’-cyclic nucleotide monophosphates in bacteria 洞察细菌中 2',3'-环核苷酸单磷酸的代谢、信号传递和生理效应

IF 6.5 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2290473

Nick J. Marotta, Emily E. Weinert

引用次数: 0

Platelet protein synthesis, regulation, and post-translational modifications: mechanics and function. 血小板蛋白质合成、调节和翻译后修饰：力学与功能。

IF 6.5 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2224532

Gerald Soslau

{"title":"Platelet protein synthesis, regulation, and post-translational modifications: mechanics and function.","authors":"Gerald Soslau","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2023.2224532","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2023.2224532","url":null,"abstract":"Dogma had been firmly entrenched in the minds of the scientific community that the anucleate mammalian platelet was incapable of protein biosynthesis since their identification in the late 1880s. These beliefs were not challenged until the 1960s when several reports demonstrated that platelets possessed the capacity to biosynthesize proteins. Even then, many still dismissed the synthesis as trivial and unimportant for at least another two decades. Research in the field expanded after the 1980s and numerous reports have since been published that now clearly demonstrate the potential significance of platelet protein synthesis under normal, pathological, and activating conditions. It is now clear that the platelet proteome is not a static entity but can be altered slowly or rapidly in response to external signals to support physiological requirements to maintain hemostasis and other biological processes. All the necessary biological components to support protein synthesis have been identified in platelets along with post-transcriptional processing of mRNAs, regulators of translation, and post-translational modifications such as glycosylation. The last comprehensive review of the subject appeared in 2009 and much work has been conducted since that time. The current review of the field will briefly incorporate the information covered in earlier reviews and then bring the reader up to date with more recent findings.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"99-117"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9677281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hemoglobin wonders: a fascinating gas transporter dive into molluscs. 血红蛋白奇观：软体动物中令人着迷的气体运输工具。

IF 6.5 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2299381

Weifeng Zhang, Yang Zhang, Xizhi Shi, Shi Wang, Yongbo Bao

{"title":"Hemoglobin wonders: a fascinating gas transporter dive into molluscs.","authors":"Weifeng Zhang, Yang Zhang, Xizhi Shi, Shi Wang, Yongbo Bao","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2023.2299381","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2023.2299381","url":null,"abstract":"Hemoglobin (Hb) has been identified in at least 14 molluscan taxa so far. Research spanning over 130 years on molluscan Hbs focuses on their genes, protein structures, functions, and evolution. Molluscan Hbs are categorized into single-, two-, and multiple-domain chains, including red blood cell, gill, and extracellular Hbs, based on the number of globin domains and their respective locations. These Hbs exhibit variation in assembly, ranging from monomeric and dimeric to higher-order multimeric forms. Typically, molluscan Hbs display moderately high oxygen affinity, weak cooperativity, and varying pH sensitivity. Hb's potential role in antimicrobial pathways could augment the immune defense of bivalves, which may be a complement to their lack of adaptive immunity. The role of Hb as a respiratory protein in bivalves likely originated from the substitution of hemocyanin. Molluscan Hbs demonstrate adaptive evolution in response to environmental changes via various strategies (e.g. increasing Hb types, multimerization, and amino acid residue substitutions at key sites), enhancing or altering functional properties for habitat adaptation. Concurrently, an increase in Hb assembly diversity, coupled with a downward trend in oxygen affinity, is observed during molluscan differentiation and evolution. Hb in Protobranchia, Heteroconchia, and Pteriomorphia bivalves originated from separate ancestors, with Protobranchia inheriting a relative ancient molluscan Hb gene. In bivalves, extracellular Hbs share a common origin, while gill Hbs likely emerged from convergent evolution. In summary, research on molluscan Hbs offers valuable insights into the origins, biological variations, and adaptive evolution of animal Hbs.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"132-157"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges and opportunities for circRNA identification and delivery. circRNA鉴定和递送的挑战和机遇。

IF 6.5 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2185764

Jiani Dong, Zhuoer Zeng, Ying Huang, Chuanpin Chen, Zeneng Cheng, Qubo Zhu

引用次数: 1

Regulation of loop extrusion on the interphase genome. 间期基因组环挤压的调控。

IF 6.5 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2182273

Hyogyung Shin, Yoori Kim

引用次数: 0

The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle: a malleable metabolic network to counter cellular stress. 三羧酸(TCA)循环:一个可延展的代谢网络，以对抗细胞压力。

IF 6.5 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2201945

Alex MacLean, Felix Legendre, Vasu D Appanna

{"title":"The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle: a malleable metabolic network to counter cellular stress.","authors":"Alex MacLean, Felix Legendre, Vasu D Appanna","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2023.2201945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10409238.2023.2201945","url":null,"abstract":"The tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is a primordial metabolic pathway that is conserved from bacteria to humans. Although this network is often viewed primarily as an energy producing engine fueling ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation, mounting evidence reveals that this metabolic hub orchestrates a wide variety of pivotal biological processes. It plays an important part in combatting cellular stress by modulating NADH/NADPH homeostasis, scavenging ROS (reactive oxygen species), producing ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation, signaling and supplying metabolites to quell a range of cellular disruptions. This review elaborates on how the reprogramming of this network prompted by such abiotic stress as metal toxicity, oxidative tension, nutrient challenge and antibiotic insult is critical for countering these conditions in mostly microbial systems. The cross-talk between the stressors and the participants of TCA cycle that results in changes in metabolite and nucleotide concentrations aimed at combatting the abiotic challenge is presented. The fine-tuning of metabolites mediated by disparate enzymes associated with this metabolic hub is discussed. The modulation of enzymatic activities aimed at generating metabolic moieties dedicated to respond to the cellular perturbation is explained. This ancient metabolic network has to be recognized for its ability to execute a plethora of physiological functions beyond its well-established traditional roles.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"58 1","pages":"81-97"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9669803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Protein aggregation-inhibition: a therapeutic route from Parkinson's disease to sickle cell anemia. 蛋白聚集抑制:从帕金森病到镰状细胞性贫血的治疗途径。

IF 6.5 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2201406

Gabriel F Martins, N Galamba

{"title":"Protein aggregation-inhibition: a therapeutic route from Parkinson's disease to sickle cell anemia.","authors":"Gabriel F Martins, N Galamba","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2023.2201406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10409238.2023.2201406","url":null,"abstract":"Protein aggregation is implicated in multiple diseases, so-called proteinopathies, ranging from neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD) to type 2 diabetes mellitus and sickle cell disease (SCD). The structure of the protein aggregates and the kinetics and mechanisms of aggregation have been the object of intense research over the years toward the development of therapeutic routes, including the design of aggregation inhibitors. Nonetheless, the rational design of drugs targeting aggregation inhibition remains a challenging endeavor because of multiple, disease-specific factors, including an incomplete understanding of protein function, the multitude of toxic and non-toxic protein aggregates, the lack of specific drug binding targets, discrepant action mechanisms of aggregation inhibitors, or a low selectivity, specificity, and/or drug potency, reflected in the high concentrations required for some inhibitors to be effective. Herein, we provide a perspective of this therapeutic route with emphasis on small molecules and peptide-based drugs in two diverse diseases, PD and SCD, aiming at establishing links among proposed aggregation inhibitors. The small and large length-scale regimes of the hydrophobic effect are discussed in light of the importance of hydrophobic interactions in proteinopathies. Some simulation results are reported on model peptides, illustrating the impact of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups in water's hydrogen-bond network with an impact on drug binding. The seeming importance of aromatic rings and hydroxyl groups in protein-aggregation-inhibitor-drugs is emphasized along with the challenges associated with some inhibitors, limiting their development into effective therapeutic options, and questioning the potential of this therapeutic route.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"58 1","pages":"50-80"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10052418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Distinct enzymatic strategies for de novo generation of disulfide bonds in membranes. 膜中从头生成二硫键的不同酶促策略。

IF 6.5 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2023.2201404

Weikai Li

{"title":"Distinct enzymatic strategies for de novo generation of disulfide bonds in membranes.","authors":"Weikai Li","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2023.2201404","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2023.2201404","url":null,"abstract":"Disulfide bond formation is a catalyzed reaction essential for the folding and stability of proteins in the secretory pathway. In prokaryotes, disulfide bonds are generated by DsbB or VKOR homologs that couple the oxidation of a cysteine pair to quinone reduction. Vertebrate VKOR and VKOR-like enzymes have gained the epoxide reductase activity to support blood coagulation. The core structures of DsbB and VKOR variants share the architecture of a four-transmembrane-helix bundle that supports the coupled redox reaction and a flexible region containing another cysteine pair for electron transfer. Despite considerable similarities, recent high-resolution crystal structures of DsbB and VKOR variants reveal significant differences. DsbB activates the cysteine thiolate by a catalytic triad of polar residues, a reminiscent of classical cysteine/serine proteases. In contrast, bacterial VKOR homologs create a hydrophobic pocket to activate the cysteine thiolate. Vertebrate VKOR and VKOR-like maintain this hydrophobic pocket and further evolved two strong hydrogen bonds to stabilize the reaction intermediates and increase the quinone redox potential. These hydrogen bonds are critical to overcome the higher energy barrier required for epoxide reduction. The electron transfer process of DsbB and VKOR variants uses slow and fast pathways, but their relative contribution may be different in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The quinone is a tightly bound cofactor in DsbB and bacterial VKOR homologs, whereas vertebrate VKOR variants use transient substrate binding to trigger the electron transfer in the slow pathway. Overall, the catalytic mechanisms of DsbB and VKOR variants have fundamental differences.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":"58 1","pages":"36-49"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10460286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10153293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0