Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology最新文献

Decoding PIP signaling: structure and catalytic mechanisms of the human phosphoinositide 5-phosphatases. 解码PIP信号：人类磷酸肌肽5-磷酸酶的结构和催化机制。

IF 8.7 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-15 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2026.2743893

Ella Martin, Wim Versées

{"title":"Decoding PIP signaling: structure and catalytic mechanisms of the human phosphoinositide 5-phosphatases.","authors":"Ella Martin, Wim Versées","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2743893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10409238.2026.2743893","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphoinositides (PIPs) are low-abundance membrane lipids that define organelle identity and regulate intracellular signaling and membrane trafficking events. Their functional diversity arises from reversible phosphorylation of the inositol ring, generating distinct lipid species that act as spatial and temporal signaling cues within cellular membranes. The interconversion of these PIP species is tightly controlled by lipid kinases and phosphatases. Among these, phosphoinositide 5-phosphatases (5-PPases) selectively remove the 5-phosphate from phosphoinositides and soluble inositol phosphates, thereby controlling the composition and turnover of PIP species. Following an overview of general phosphoinositide metabolism, including a brief description of phosphoinositide kinases and 3-, 4-, and Sac-phosphatases, we discuss in detail the domain organization, substrate specificity, and physiological roles of the 10 mammalian 5-PPases. We specifically focus on recent structural studies that reveal how a conserved catalytic domain is combined with additional domains that control enzyme localization, protein-protein interactions and regulation. High-resolution structures of enzyme-substrate and enzyme-product complexes provide insight into phosphoinositide recognition, catalytic mechanisms, and allosteric regulation. In line with their wide variety of cellular functions, dysregulation of 5-PPases is linked to numerous diseases, including neurodegeneration, metabolic disorders, ciliopathies, and cancer. Despite recent progress, key questions remain, including their regulation and membrane-dependent activity within cells. Further developments are required to advance both our fundamental understanding and therapeutic development.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-29"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149191822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chain length-dependent fate and phytotoxicity of PFAS in plants. PFAS在植物中的链长依赖性命运和植物毒性。

IF 8.7 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-10-09 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2026.2743913

Yiting Chen, Chang Liu, Di Guo

{"title":"Chain length-dependent fate and phytotoxicity of PFAS in plants.","authors":"Yiting Chen, Chang Liu, Di Guo","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2743913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10409238.2026.2743913","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants that accumulate in plants, posing risks to terrestrial food webs. This review provides a mechanistic synthesis of the behavior of PFAS in plants, from root uptake to subcellular responses. Short-chain PFAS preferentially translocate acropetally via apoplastic and symplastic pathways, bypassing the Casparian strip, whereas long-chain congeners are largely retained in roots due to adsorption to cell wall polysaccharides (pectin and hemicellulose) via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Transmembrane transport involves passive diffusion, anion channels, aquaporins, and potentially carrier-mediated processes. At the subcellular level, PFAS primarily accumulate in the cell wall and plasma membrane, with a fraction sequestered into vacuoles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. This compartmentalization triggers a cascade of phytotoxic effects, including reactive oxygen species burst, lipid peroxidation, membrane disruption, photosynthetic inhibition, and hormonal imbalance. Plants deploy detoxification strategies such as vacuolar sequestration and activation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, exhibiting hormetic dose-response. Advanced omics and imaging techniques have elucidated the molecular and spatial landscape of PFAS-plant interactions. This integrative framework enhances our mechanistic understanding of PFAS phytotoxicity, supporting ecological risk assessment and phytoremediation strategies.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipidome plasticity and envelope remodeling under environmental stress in Gram-negative bacteria. 革兰氏阴性菌在环境胁迫下脂质体的可塑性和包膜重塑。

IF 8.7 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-12 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2026.2730932

Jihye Bae, Bitnara Kim, Taeyeong Kim, Woojun Park

{"title":"Lipidome plasticity and envelope remodeling under environmental stress in Gram-negative bacteria.","authors":"Jihye Bae, Bitnara Kim, Taeyeong Kim, Woojun Park","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2730932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10409238.2026.2730932","url":null,"abstract":"Gram-negative bacterial cell envelopes comprise complex lipid components essential for survival and virulence, functioning as a dynamic barrier against environmental stress. Beyond canonical biosynthetic pathways, Gram-negative bacteria employ multiple adaptive strategies to preserve envelope integrity under nutrient limitation and host-imposed pressures. These include stress-induced lipid remodeling processes such as headgroup substitution, acyl-chain modification, and host lipid-driven membrane incorporation through phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis and the assimilation of host-derived fatty acids, thereby reshaping membrane composition, biophysical properties, and antibiotic susceptibility. Recent biophysical and imaging studies indicate that variable lipidome adaptation to stress drives the spatial clustering of lipids and membrane proteins, forming functional microdomains that regulate membrane permeability, efflux activity, and envelope mechanics. Adaptive reorganization of membrane lipids can facilitate vesiculation and selectively alter membrane permeability to antibiotics and antimicrobial peptides by generating leaflet imbalances that induce localized curvature and lateral pressure heterogeneity. Targeting these lipid remodeling pathways represents a promising therapeutic approach that could sensitize resistant pathogens and guide the development of effective adjuvant strategies.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148955170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

G-quadruplex structures as regulators of cellular processes and drivers of genome instability in cancer. g -四重结构作为细胞过程的调节因子和癌症基因组不稳定性的驱动因素。

IF 8.7 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-08-04 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2026.2710103

Anna R Bartosik, Magda Bujnowska, Daniel B Stovall, Aakrosh Ratan, Yuh-Hwa Wang

{"title":"G-quadruplex structures as regulators of cellular processes and drivers of genome instability in cancer.","authors":"Anna R Bartosik, Magda Bujnowska, Daniel B Stovall, Aakrosh Ratan, Yuh-Hwa Wang","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2710103","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2710103","url":null,"abstract":"G-quadruplexes (G4s) are essential regulatory structures whose biological functions are inseparable from their potential to destabilize the genome. They play critical roles in transcription, replication and chromatin architecture, yet they also contribute to the genomic instability that fuels cancer. This dual role is an inherent consequence of where G4s form in the genome. G4s are enriched at highly active regulatory regions, including promoters, replication origins and topologically associated domain boundaries, where their controlled formation and resolution by helicases and topoisomerases support normal genome function. When this control is lost, the same features that make G4s functional become harmful, leading to R-loop and G-loop accumulation, replication fork stalling and increased conflicts between transcription and replication. Topoisomerase activity, which normally relieves supercoiling stress, can instead generate the DNA double-strand breaks that characterize cancer genomes. Persistent G4 structures also promote micronuclei formation and cytoplasmic DNA accumulation, activating the cGAS-STING innate immune signaling pathway. Here, we discuss these mechanisms and present pan-cancer genomic analyses showing that these processes operate broadly across human tumors. Therapeutically targeting G4s requires balancing their essential regulatory roles with their pathological effects. Understanding this tension is therefore essential for exploiting G4s as therapeutic targets across cancer types.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13616202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148700905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ribonucleotide errors, RNase HII, and ribonucleotide excision repair. 核糖核酸错误，核糖核酸酶HII和核糖核苷酸切除修复。

IF 8.7 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-07-24 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2026.2704628

Julianna R Cresti, Lyle A Simmons

{"title":"Ribonucleotide errors, RNase HII, and ribonucleotide excision repair.","authors":"Julianna R Cresti, Lyle A Simmons","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2704628","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2704628","url":null,"abstract":"Replicative DNA polymerases are responsible for the high-fidelity duplication of genomes in all organisms. The overall DNA replication process is highly accurate, with deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate (dNMP) errors occurring on the order of 1 in tens of millions of replicated bases. However, DNA polymerases are more prone to misincorporating ribonucleoside monophosphates (rNMPs) in place of their cognate dNMPs, with measurements on the order of 1 in a couple thousand base pairs synthesized. Owing in part to the high concentration of rNTPs relative to dNTPs in vivo, rNMPs may represent the most common nucleotide requiring removal from genomic DNA in organisms spanning all domains of life. Cells employ a set of pathways, including ribonucleotide excision repair (RER), to address abundant genomic rNMPs. Defects in ribonucleotide excision repair result in mutagenesis, neurological disorders, and embryonic lethality. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms for how ribonucleotides are misincorporated by DNA polymerases, how RNase H enzymes recognize and cleave RNA-DNA hybrids, and the process of ribonucleotide excision repair. Further, we review and discuss how ribonucleotide error correction occurs in eukarya, archaea, and bacteria, providing perspectives across a broad range of organisms and ribonucleotide resolution pathways.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13492167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148583607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Secondary metabolism in Irpex lacteus (Fr.) Fr.: biosynthetic logic and redox integration. Irpex lacteus （Fr.）的次生代谢：生物合成逻辑和氧化还原整合。

IF 8.7 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-07-08 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2026.2698481

Yuxin Yang, Yue Wang, Chengwei Liu

{"title":"Secondary metabolism in Irpex lacteus (Fr.) Fr.: biosynthetic logic and redox integration.","authors":"Yuxin Yang, Yue Wang, Chengwei Liu","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2698481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10409238.2026.2698481","url":null,"abstract":"Irpex lacteus is a metabolically versatile white-rot fungus capable of producing a wide range of structurally diverse secondary metabolites, including terpenoids, phenolics, steroids, peptides, and polysaccharides. Many of these compounds exhibit notable biological activities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective effects, highlighting their potential relevance to food chemistry and agricultural applications. Owing to its highly efficient ligninolytic enzyme system and flexible secondary metabolic network, I. lacteus has emerged as a promising biological platform for lignocellulose valorization, microbial biotransformation, and the discovery of functional food ingredients and natural preservatives. In recent years, significant progress has been made in elucidating the chemical diversity and biosynthetic logic of its characteristic metabolites, particularly tremulane-type sesquiterpenoids with unusual skeletal rearrangements. This review systematically summarizes 226 secondary metabolites reported from I. lacteus, covering their chemical classification, biosynthetic features, biotransformation capabilities, and biological activities. Special emphasis is placed on advances enabled by genome mining, heterologous expression, and co-culture strategies that activate cryptic biosynthetic pathways. Finally, the potential applications of I. lacteus metabolites in agriculture, food chemistry, and sustainable bioprocessing are discussed, and future perspectives based on multi-omics integration and metabolic engineering are proposed.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conformational mobility of cationic voltage-gated ion channels. 阳离子电压门控离子通道的构象迁移率。

IF 6.4 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-06-10 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2026.2682121

Olga S Sokolova, Ekaterina Kravchuk, Elizaveta Trifonova, Sergey D Oreshkov, Lisha Mai, Valery Novoseletsky, Zakhar O Shenkarev

{"title":"Conformational mobility of cationic voltage-gated ion channels.","authors":"Olga S Sokolova, Ekaterina Kravchuk, Elizaveta Trifonova, Sergey D Oreshkov, Lisha Mai, Valery Novoseletsky, Zakhar O Shenkarev","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2682121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10409238.2026.2682121","url":null,"abstract":"Biochemistry has a strong interest in ion channels, a diverse group of membrane proteins. This group has long remained difficult to study at the structural level, but much progress has been made in recent decades with improvements in biochemical methods and computational procedures. Voltage-gated ion channels undergo conformational changes upon functioning, and multiple models of activation mechanisms were proposed based on experimental data. This review focuses on the structural studies of the functioning of voltage-gated ion channels, which are accompanied by conformational changes in proteins, and the methodological advances that allow their observation. Particular attention is paid to the lipid modulation of ion channels, as well as to the use of various lipids and membrane mimetics to stabilize specific conformations of ion channels. Modern experimental methods that allow obtaining ion channel proteins in specific functional states are discussed, including cryoelectron microscopy and cryoelectron tomography. NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy approaches and molecular modeling studies of conformational dynamics of ion channels and their isolated domains are also discussed. Finally, new algorithms for studying the conformational mobility of proteins have been recently developed, which help to better understand the mechanisms of ion channel domain movements.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-44"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148210404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA polymerase I: structure, activity, and function in bacterial DNA replication and repair. DNA聚合酶I：细菌DNA复制和修复中的结构、活性和功能。

IF 8.7 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-06-09 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2026.2682122

Frances Caroline Lowder, Lyle A Simmons

{"title":"DNA polymerase I: structure, activity, and function in bacterial DNA replication and repair.","authors":"Frances Caroline Lowder, Lyle A Simmons","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2682122","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2026.2682122","url":null,"abstract":"Faithful replication and repair of the genome are essential processes for all life. Genome maintenance is coordinated by a complex suite of proteins, with bacteria evolving intricate systems despite their relatively simplistic genomes. DNA polymerases are a key class of proteins that mediate genome maintenance. DNA polymerases are all capable of extending nascent strands of DNA but contribute to DNA replication and repair in distinct ways depending on their active site and substrate specificity. The first discovered polymerase, bacterial DNA polymerase I (Pol I), has long been considered the primary enzyme responsible for Okazaki fragment maturation and resynthesis in many DNA repair pathways. These conclusions derive primarily from studies using the gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli. Given that some bacterial lineages diverged from E. coli over a billion years ago, these assumptions may not account for evolution in functional diversity. In this review, we examine the structural features of bacterial Pol I and discuss how each of its distinct enzymatic activities contribute to genome maintenance. Throughout, we introduce differences that have been discovered between gram-negative and gram-positive species and explore how activity differences may translate to functional adaptations in replication or repair. We focus on evidence from gram-positive bacteria, particularly Bacillus subtilis and Geobacillus stearothermophilus, that challenges the universality of Pol I's functions and reveals lineage-specific adaptations in replication and repair mechanisms. By synthesizing historical perspectives with recent discoveries, this review underscores both the importance of Pol I and the evolutionary diversification of Pol I in bacterial DNA metabolism.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent insights into bacterial ESCRT-III-mediated membrane remodeling. 细菌escrt - iii介导的膜重塑的最新见解。

IF 8.7 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2025.2606239

Samuel Herianto, Hsiung-Lin Tu

{"title":"Recent insights into bacterial ESCRT-III-mediated membrane remodeling.","authors":"Samuel Herianto, Hsiung-Lin Tu","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2025.2606239","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2025.2606239","url":null,"abstract":"The ESCRT-III complex is a highly conserved membrane remodeling system known for its essential roles in eukaryotic cellular processes such as endosomal trafficking, multivesicular body (MVB) formation, viral budding, membrane repair, and cytokinesis. These activities are critical for maintaining cellular integrity, and dysfunction in ESCRT-III has been linked to diseases including cancer, viral infection, and neurodegeneration. Recent findings suggest that bacterial homologs such as IM30 and PspA-while structurally simpler-exhibit remarkable functional similarities to their eukaryotic counterparts and play essential roles in membrane remodeling and deformation, particularly under environmental stress. However, the precise mechanisms driving these biological processes remain unclear. This review explores their structural dynamics, membrane-binding behavior, and remodeling activities. Emerging in vitro evidence suggests that PspA and IM30 assemble into high-molecular-weight oligomeric rings and filamentous structures, facilitating membrane interactions and remodeling. In contrast to eukaryotic ESCRT-III, which requires accessory proteins to form functional remodeling complexes, bacterial ESCRT-III proteins are capable of remodeling membranes autonomously. These activities drive a variety of structural transformations, including membrane curvature, elongation, protrusion, double-membrane vesicles (DMVs) formation, and fusion. By integrating recent findings, this review provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and highlights key directions for future research into the mechanisms and physiological roles of bacterial ESCRT-III.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"55-73"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

RNA modifications as a means of self-recognition and immune protection. RNA修饰作为一种自我识别和免疫保护的手段。

IF 8.7 2区生物学

Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2025.2591027

Qi Cao, Yuange Duan

{"title":"RNA modifications as a means of self-recognition and immune protection.","authors":"Qi Cao, Yuange Duan","doi":"10.1080/10409238.2025.2591027","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10409238.2025.2591027","url":null,"abstract":"More than 170 distinct RNA modifications have been identified, playing pivotal roles in regulating development, homeostasis, and adaptive evolution. A recent groundbreaking study in Nature revealed that glycoRNA prevents endogenous RNA from being misidentified as non-self, thereby averting autoimmune responses. This function is astonishingly parallel to that of A-to-I RNA editing, another prevalent RNA modification. Here, we synthesize current knowledge of RNA modifications linked to immune function and highlight an intriguing but intuitive principle: modifications that act within the cell, such as A-to-I editing, must be installed in the nucleus before reaching the cytoplasm where unmodified exogeneous RNAs also prevail. By contrast, glycoRNA, which functions at the cell surface, faces no such spatial constraint, as self/non-self-identity needs not be resolved in the cytoplasm. We also acknowledge the existence of modifications such as C-to-U editing that appear less related to immunity. Future investigations will determine whether immune-associated functions are a dominant property of a broader spectrum of RNA modifications. Overall, this work deepens our understanding of how RNA modifications shape immune homeostasis and self/non-self-discrimination, and prompts broader reflection on how multilayered molecular regulations allow organisms to balance stability with diversity across development, evolution, and adaptation.","PeriodicalId":10794,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"17-23"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145586094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0