Crop Journal最新文献

{"title":"Identification and fine mapping of PmNJ3946 for powdery mildew resistance in einkorn wheat","authors":"Peisi Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Huang ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Caimei Gu ,&nbsp;Yang Yuan ,&nbsp;Ziruo Wen ,&nbsp;Haiyan Jia ,&nbsp;Zhongxin Kong ,&nbsp;Zhengqiang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Powdery mildew caused by <em>Blumeria graminis</em> f. sp. <em>tritici</em> (<em>Bgt</em>) is a destructive wheat disease. Although it can be easily overcome by deployment of resistance genes, the resistance is often quickly compromised by pathogen virulence. Thus, exploration and characterization of new resistance genes is always ongoing. Line NJ3946 derived from a cross of einkorn wheat accessions TA2032 and M389 showed resistance to powdery mildew. Inheritance analysis of an F₂ population derived from a cross of NJ3946 and M389 suggested that the resistance was conferred by a dominant allele. With polymorphic markers identified through bulked segregant analysis (BSA), this gene was mapped to a novel locus on chromosome 3A, and was designated as <em>PmNJ3946</em>. Bulked segregant RNA-seq analysis (BSR-seq) was conducted to obtain more closely linked markers, which allowed delimitation of the <em>PMNJ3946</em> locus to a 0.9 cM interval covering a physical distance of less than 1 Mb. <em>PMNJ3946</em> was flanked by <em>Xwgrc5153</em> and SNP-derived marker <em>CHS21_3A008915069</em>, and co-segregated with SNP-derived markers <em>CHS21_3A008939814</em> and <em>CHS21_3A008943175</em>. The <em>PmNJ3946</em> discovery expands the diversity of powdery mildew resistance genes and is useful for wheat breeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1846-1851"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123000806/pdfft?md5=27685ba33cb2e0e0287482fdbe6d3bd3&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123000806-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117276934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GA Associated Dwarf 5 encodes an ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase required for maize gibberellin biosynthesis and morphogenesis","authors":"Zuliang Li ,&nbsp;Baozhu Li ,&nbsp;Junli Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongliang Wang ,&nbsp;Mao Wang ,&nbsp;Siyi Guo ,&nbsp;Pengtao Wang ,&nbsp;Zhi Li ,&nbsp;David W. Galbraith ,&nbsp;Dandan Li ,&nbsp;Chun-Peng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gibberellin (GA) functions in plant growth and development. However, genes involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of GA in crop plants are poorly understood. We isolated the mutant <em>gad5-1</em> (<em><u>G</u>A-<u>A</u>ssociated <u>D</u>warf <u>5</u></em>), characterized by dwarfing, short internodes, and dark green and short leaves. Map-based gene cloning and allelic verification confirmed that <em>ZmGAD5</em> encodes <em>ent</em>-kaurenoic acid oxidase (KAO), which catalyzes KA (<em>ent</em>-kaurenoic acid) to GA12 conversion during GA biosynthesis in maize. ZmGAD5 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and is present in multiple maize organs. In <em>gad5-1</em>, the expression of <em>ZmGAD5</em> is severely reduced, and the levels of the direct substrate of KAO, KA, is increased, leading to a reduction in GA content. The abnormal phenotype of <em>gad5-1</em> was restored by exogenous application of GA₃. The biomass, plant height, and levels of GA₁₂ and GA₃ in transgenic <em>Arabidopsis</em> overexpressing <em>ZmGAD5</em> were increased in comparison with the corresponding controls Col-0. These findings deepen our understanding of genes involved in GA biosynthesis, and could lead to the development of maize lines with improved architecture and higher planting-density tolerance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1742-1751"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123000661/pdfft?md5=b8cc29f4c9cf7afb3511748dab39f17e&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123000661-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131659944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary genetics of wheat mitochondrial genomes","authors":"Hui-Lin Hu ,&nbsp;Fan Zhang ,&nbsp;Pei Wang ,&nbsp;Fu-Hao Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The <em>Triticum-Aegilops</em> complex provides ideal models for the study of polyploidization, and mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) can be used to trace cytoplasmic inheritance and energy production following polyploidization. In this study, gapless mitochondrial genomes for 19 accessions of five <em>Triticum</em> or <em>Aegilops</em> species were assembled. Comparative genomics confirmed that the BB-genome progenitor donated mtDNA to tetraploid <em>T. turgidum</em> (genome formula AABB), and that this mtDNA was then passed on to the hexaploid <em>T. aestivum</em> (AABBDD). <em>T urartu</em> (AA) was the paternal parent of <em>T. timopheevii</em> (AAGG), and an earlier <em>Ae. tauschii</em> (DD) was the maternal parent of <em>Ae. cylindrica</em> (CCDD). Genic sequences were highly conserved within species, but frequent rearrangements and nuclear or chloroplast DNA insertions occurred during speciation. Four highly variable mitochondrial genes (<em>atp6</em>, <em>cob</em>, <em>nad6</em>, and <em>nad9</em>) were established as marker genes for <em>Triticum</em> and <em>Aegilops</em> species identification. The BB/GG-specific <em>atp6</em> and <em>cob</em> genes, which were imported from the nuclear genome, could facilitate identification of their diploid progenitors. Genic haplotypes and repeat-sequence patterns indicated that BB was much closer to GG than to <em>Ae. speltoides</em> (SS). These findings provide novel insights into the polyploid evolution of the <em>Triticum/Aegilops</em> complex from the perspective of mtDNA, advancing understanding of energy supply and adaptation in wheat species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1774-1781"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123001423/pdfft?md5=f23783a3e96152039a5a046b9edcdc51&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123001423-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135455811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of autophagy function and regulation in plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stress","authors":"Yongbo Li ,&nbsp;Xiangmin Xu ,&nbsp;Guang Qi ,&nbsp;Dezhou Cui ,&nbsp;Chen Huang ,&nbsp;Xinxia Sui ,&nbsp;Genying Li ,&nbsp;Qingqi Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved degradation pathway of lysosomes (in mammals) and vacuoles (in yeasts and plants) from lower yeasts to higher mammals. It wraps unwanted organelles and damaged proteins in a double-membrane structure to transport them to vacuoles for degradation and recycling. In plants, autophagy functions in adaptation to the environment and maintenance of growth and development. This review systematically describes the autophagy process, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms occurring during plant growth and development and in response to abiotic stresses. It provides a basis for further theoretical research and guidance of agricultural production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1611-1625"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123001320/pdfft?md5=de454e2cacf57b4b691195755648b60e&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123001320-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135706210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic prediction of yield performance among single-cross maize hybrids using a partial diallel cross design","authors":"Ping Luo ,&nbsp;Houwen Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Ni ,&nbsp;Ruisi Yang ,&nbsp;Fei Wang ,&nbsp;Hongjun Yong ,&nbsp;Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Wei Song ,&nbsp;Mingshun Li ,&nbsp;Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Weng ,&nbsp;Zhaodong Meng ,&nbsp;Degui Zhang ,&nbsp;Jienan Han ,&nbsp;Yong Chen ,&nbsp;Runze Zhang ,&nbsp;Liwei Wang ,&nbsp;Meng Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenwei Gao ,&nbsp;Xinhai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Genomic prediction (GP) in plant breeding has the potential to predict and identify the best-performing hybrids based on the genotypes of their parental lines. In a GP experiment, 34 elite inbred lines were selected to make 285 single-cross hybrids in a partial-diallel cross design. These lines represented a mini-core collection of Chinese maize germplasm and comprised 18 inbred lines from the Stiff Stalk heterotic group and 16 inbred lines from the Non-Stiff Stalk heterotic group. The parents were genotyped by sequencing and the 285 hybrids were phenotyped for nine yield and yield-related traits at two locations in the summer sowing area (SUS) and three locations in the spring sowing area (SPS) in the main maize-producing regions of China. Multiple GP models were employed to assess the accuracy of trait prediction in the hybrids. By ten-fold cross-validation, the prediction accuracies of yield performance of the hybrids estimated by the genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) model in SUS and SPS were 0.51 and 0.46, respectively. The prediction accuracies of the remaining yield-related traits estimated with GBLUP ranged from 0.49 to 0.86 and from 0.53 to 0.89 in SUS and SPS, respectively. When additive, dominance, epistasis effects, genotype-by-environment interaction, and multi-trait effects were incorporated into the prediction model, the prediction accuracy of hybrid yield performance was improved. The ratio of training to testing population and size of training population optimal for yield prediction were determined. Multiple prediction models can improve prediction accuracy in hybrid breeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1884-1892"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221451412300137X/pdfft?md5=42d87ddf593a76c8db41a6642321ae2b&pid=1-s2.0-S221451412300137X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136154007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Fusarium verticillioides resistance in maize by genomics-assisted breeding: Methods, progress, and prospects","authors":"Yufang Xu ,&nbsp;Zhirui Zhang ,&nbsp;Ping Lu ,&nbsp;Ruiqi Li ,&nbsp;Peipei Ma ,&nbsp;Jianyu Wu ,&nbsp;Tao Li ,&nbsp;Huiyong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) is an indispensable crop worldwide for food, feed, and bioenergy production. <em>Fusarium verticillioides</em> (<em>F. verticillioides</em>) is a widely distributed phytopathogen and incites multiple destructive diseases in maize: seedling blight, stalk rot, ear rot, and seed rot. As a soil-, seed-, and airborne pathogen, <em>F. verticillioides</em> can survive in soil or plant residue and systemically infect maize via roots, contaminated seed, silks, or external wounds, posing a severe threat to maize production and quality. Infection triggers complex immune responses: induction of defense-response genes, changes in reactive oxygen species, plant hormone levels and oxylipins, and alterations in secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phenolic compounds, and benzoxazinoid defense compounds. Breeding resistant maize cultivars is the preferred approach to reducing <em>F. verticillioides</em> infection and mycotoxin contamination. Reliable phenotyping systems are prerequisites for elucidating the genetic structure and molecular mechanism of maize resistance to <em>F. verticillioides</em>. Although many <em>F. verticillioides</em> resistance genes have been identified by genome-wide association study, linkage analysis, bulked-segregant analysis, and various omics technologies, few have been functionally validated and applied in molecular breeding. This review summarizes research progress on the infection cycle of <em>F. verticillioides</em> in maize, phenotyping evaluation systems for <em>F. verticillioides</em> resistance, quantitative trait loci and genes associated with <em>F. verticillioides</em> resistance, and molecular mechanisms underlying maize defense against <em>F. verticillioides</em>, and discusses potential avenues for molecular design breeding to improve maize resistance to <em>F. verticillioides</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1626-1641"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123001113/pdfft?md5=83304e1cd00aa206d20dd661e3876131&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123001113-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113993561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The plasmodesmata-associated β-1,3-glucanase gene GhPdBG regulates fiber development in cotton","authors":"Yijie Fan ,&nbsp;Shuangshuang Lin ,&nbsp;Yanhui Lyu ,&nbsp;Haihong Shang ,&nbsp;Youlu Yuan ,&nbsp;Zhengmin Tang ,&nbsp;Chengzhi Jiao ,&nbsp;Aiyun Chen ,&nbsp;Piyi Xing ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuxiao Sun ,&nbsp;Haixia Guo ,&nbsp;Tongtong Li ,&nbsp;Zhonghai Ren ,&nbsp;Fanchang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Trichomes are specialized structures that originate from epidermal cells of organs in higher plants. The cotton fiber is a unique single-celled trichome that elongates from the seed coat epidermis. Cotton (<em>Gossypium hirsutum</em>) fibers and trichomes are models for cell differentiation. In an attempt to elucidate the intercellular factors that regulate fiber and trichome cell development, we identified<!--> <!-->a plasmodesmal β-1,3-glucanase gene (designated <em>GhPdBG</em>) controlling the opening and closing of plasmodesmata in cotton fibers. Structural and evolutionary analysis showed haplotypic variation in the promoter region of the <em>GhPdBG</em> gene among 352 cotton accessions, but high conservation in the coding region. GhPdBG was expressed predominantly in cotton fibers and localized to plasmodesmata (PD). Expression patterns of <em>PdBG</em> that corresponded to PD permeability were apparent during fiber development in <em>G. hirsutum</em> and <em>G. barbadense</em>. The <em>PdBG</em>-mediated opening-closure of PD appears to be involved in fiber development and may account for the contrasting fiber traits of these two species. Ectopic expression of <em>GhPdBG</em> revealed that it functions in regulating fiber and trichome length and/or density by modulating plasmodesmatal permeability. This finding suggests that plasmodesmal targeting of <em>GhPdBG</em>, as a switch of intercellular channels, regulates single-celled fiber and trichome development in cotton.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1665-1674"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123000958/pdfft?md5=84528b5b416dd993316290c3e063b5f6&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123000958-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132703978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic architecture of quantitative trait loci (QTL) for FHB resistance and agronomic traits in a hard winter wheat population","authors":"Yuzhou Xu ,&nbsp;Yaoguang Li ,&nbsp;Ruolin Bian ,&nbsp;Guorong Zhang ,&nbsp;Allan K. Fritz ,&nbsp;Yanhong Dong ,&nbsp;Lanfei Zhao ,&nbsp;Yunfeng Xu ,&nbsp;Nida Ghori ,&nbsp;Amy Bernardo ,&nbsp;Paul St. Amand ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Shoup Rupp ,&nbsp;Myron Bruce ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Eduard Akhunov ,&nbsp;Brett Carver ,&nbsp;Guihua Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) has often been associated with some undesirable agronomic traits. To study the relationship between wheat FHB resistance and agronomic traits, we constructed a linkage map of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using an F_6:8 population from G97252W × G97380A. The two hard winter wheat parents showed contrasts in FHB resistance, plant height (HT), heading date (HD), spike length (SL), spike compactness (SC), kernel number per spike (KNS), spikelet number per spike (SNS), thousand-grain weight (TGW) and grain size (length and width). Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping identified one major QTL (<em>QFhb.hwwg-2DS</em>) on chromosome arm 2DS for the percentage of symptomatic spikelets (PSS) in the spike, deoxynivalenol (DON) content and <em>Fusarium</em> damaged kernel (FDK). This QTL explained up to 71.8% of the phenotypic variation for the three FHB-related traits and overlapped with the major QTL for HT, HD, SL, KNS, SNS, TGW, and grain size. QTL on chromosome arms 2AL, 2DS, 3AL and 4BS were significant for the spike and grain traits measured. G97252W contributed FHB resistance and high SNS alleles at <em>QFhb.hwwg-2DS</em>, high KNS alleles at the QTL on 2AL and 2DS, and high TGW and grain size alleles at QTL on 3AL; whereas G97380A contributed high TGW and grain size alleles at the QTL on 2AL and 2DS, respectively, and the high KNS allele at the 4BS QTL. Combining <em>QFhb.hwwg-2DS</em> with positive alleles for spike and grain traits from other chromosomes may simultaneously improve FHB resistance and grain yield in new cultivars.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1836-1845"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123001319/pdfft?md5=35f0545f3805b77799126cf776350f32&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123001319-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135605561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution genetic mapping and identification of candidate genes for the wheat stem rust resistance gene Sr8155B1","authors":"Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Hongyu Li ,&nbsp;Tao Shen ,&nbsp;Shikai Lyu ,&nbsp;Shams ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Hongna Li ,&nbsp;Guiping Wang ,&nbsp;Binyang Xu ,&nbsp;Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Wanyi Hu ,&nbsp;Kairong Li ,&nbsp;Shengsheng Bai ,&nbsp;Jian Ma ,&nbsp;Haitao Yu ,&nbsp;Matthew N. Rouse ,&nbsp;Shisheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stem rust, caused by <em>Puccinia graminis</em> f. sp. <em>tritici</em> (<em>Pgt</em>), threatens global wheat production. Development of cultivars with increased resistance to stem rust by identification, mapping, and deployment of resistance genes is the best strategy for controlling the disease. In this study, we performed fine mapping and characterization of the all-stage stem rust resistance (<em>Sr</em>) gene <em>Sr8155B1</em> from the durum wheat line 8155-B1. In seedling tests of biparental populations, <em>Sr8155B1</em> was effective against six Chinese <em>Pgt</em> races tested. In a segregating population of 5060 gametes, <em>Sr8155B1</em> was mapped to a 0.06-cM region flanked by markers <em>Pku2772</em> and <em>Pku43365</em>, corresponding to 1.5- and 2.7-Mb regions in the Svevo and Chinese Spring reference genomes. Both regions include several typical nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) and protein kinase genes that represent candidate genes. Among them, three NLR genes and three receptor-like protein kinases were highly polymorphic between the parental lines and their transcripts were upregulated in the homozygous resistant line TdR2 relative to its susceptible sister line TdS4. Four markers (<em>Pku2772</em>, <em>Pku43365</em>, <em>Pku2950</em>, and <em>Pku3721</em>) developed in this study, together with seedling resistance responses, correctly predicted <em>Sr8155B1</em> absence or presence in 78 tetraploid wheat genotypes tested. The presence of <em>Sr8155B1</em> in tetraploid wheat accessions CItr 14916, PI 197492, and PI 197493 was confirmed by mapping in three F₂ populations. The genetic map and linked markers developed in this study may accelerate the deployment of <em>Sr8155B1</em>-mediated resistance in wheat breeding programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1852-1861"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123001332/pdfft?md5=a9e5f45a1c3d67cfdf89cad54c71e694&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123001332-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136009708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haplotype variation and KASP markers for SiPSY1 – A key gene controlling yellow kernel pigmentation in foxtail millet","authors":"Rongjun Zuo ,&nbsp;Yanyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanbing Yang ,&nbsp;Chunfang Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Zhi ,&nbsp;Linlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Sha Tang ,&nbsp;Yanan Guan ,&nbsp;Shunguo Li ,&nbsp;Ruhong Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhonglin Shang ,&nbsp;Guanqing Jia ,&nbsp;Xianmin Diao","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation are important in determining nutritional and commercial value of crop products. Yellow pigmentation of mature kernels caused by carotenoids is considered a vital quality trait in foxtail millet, an ancient and widely cultivated cereal crop across the world. Genomic regions associated with yellow pigment content (YPC), lutein and zeaxanthin in foxtail millet grains were identified by genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), and <em>SiPSY1</em> (Phytoene synthase 1 which regulates formation of the 40-carbon backbone of carotenoids) was confirmed as the main contributor to all three components by knockout and overexpression analysis. <em>SiPSY1</em> was expressed in seedlings, leaves, panicles, and mature seeds, and was subcellularly localized to chloroplasts. Transcription of <em>SiPSY1</em> in 15 DAP immature grains was responsible for YPC in mature seeds. Selection of <em>SiPSY1</em> combined with increased YPC in mature grains during domestication of foxtail millet was confirmed. Haplotype analysis suggested that expression level of <em>SiPSY1</em> could be a selection target for future breeding programs, and a KASP marker was developed for selection of favorable <em>SiPSY1</em> alleles in breeding. The results of this work will benefit nutritional and commercial improvement of foxtail millet varieties, as well as other cereal crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":"11 6","pages":"Pages 1902-1911"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123001344/pdfft?md5=cf71e8d9dee6e64eda531deb5abcb499&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123001344-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136093793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}