GA Associated Dwarf 5 encodes an ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase required for maize gibberellin biosynthesis and morphogenesis

IF 6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Zuliang Li , Baozhu Li , Junli Zhang , Hongliang Wang , Mao Wang , Siyi Guo , Pengtao Wang , Zhi Li , David W. Galbraith , Dandan Li , Chun-Peng Song
{"title":"GA Associated Dwarf 5 encodes an ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase required for maize gibberellin biosynthesis and morphogenesis","authors":"Zuliang Li ,&nbsp;Baozhu Li ,&nbsp;Junli Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongliang Wang ,&nbsp;Mao Wang ,&nbsp;Siyi Guo ,&nbsp;Pengtao Wang ,&nbsp;Zhi Li ,&nbsp;David W. Galbraith ,&nbsp;Dandan Li ,&nbsp;Chun-Peng Song","doi":"10.1016/j.cj.2023.04.008","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gibberellin (GA) functions in plant growth and development. However, genes involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of GA in crop plants are poorly understood. We isolated the mutant <em>gad5-1</em> (<em><u>G</u>A-<u>A</u>ssociated <u>D</u>warf <u>5</u></em>), characterized by dwarfing, short internodes, and dark green and short leaves. Map-based gene cloning and allelic verification confirmed that <em>ZmGAD5</em> encodes <em>ent</em>-kaurenoic acid oxidase (KAO), which catalyzes KA (<em>ent</em>-kaurenoic acid) to GA12 conversion during GA biosynthesis in maize. ZmGAD5 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and is present in multiple maize organs. In <em>gad5-1</em>, the expression of <em>ZmGAD5</em> is severely reduced, and the levels of the direct substrate of KAO, KA, is increased, leading to a reduction in GA content. The abnormal phenotype of <em>gad5-1</em> was restored by exogenous application of GA<sub>3</sub>. The biomass, plant height, and levels of GA<sub>12</sub> and GA<sub>3</sub> in transgenic <em>Arabidopsis</em> overexpressing <em>ZmGAD5</em> were increased in comparison with the corresponding controls Col-0. These findings deepen our understanding of genes involved in GA biosynthesis, and could lead to the development of maize lines with improved architecture and higher planting-density tolerance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10790,"journal":{"name":"Crop Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.0000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123000661/pdfft?md5=b8cc29f4c9cf7afb3511748dab39f17e&pid=1-s2.0-S2214514123000661-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Crop Journal","FirstCategoryId":"91","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214514123000661","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Gibberellin (GA) functions in plant growth and development. However, genes involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of GA in crop plants are poorly understood. We isolated the mutant gad5-1 (GA-Associated Dwarf 5), characterized by dwarfing, short internodes, and dark green and short leaves. Map-based gene cloning and allelic verification confirmed that ZmGAD5 encodes ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase (KAO), which catalyzes KA (ent-kaurenoic acid) to GA12 conversion during GA biosynthesis in maize. ZmGAD5 is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and is present in multiple maize organs. In gad5-1, the expression of ZmGAD5 is severely reduced, and the levels of the direct substrate of KAO, KA, is increased, leading to a reduction in GA content. The abnormal phenotype of gad5-1 was restored by exogenous application of GA3. The biomass, plant height, and levels of GA12 and GA3 in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing ZmGAD5 were increased in comparison with the corresponding controls Col-0. These findings deepen our understanding of genes involved in GA biosynthesis, and could lead to the development of maize lines with improved architecture and higher planting-density tolerance.

GA 相关侏儒 5 编码玉米赤霉素生物合成和形态发生所需的内脲酸氧化酶
赤霉素(GA)对植物的生长和发育具有重要作用。然而,人们对农作物中参与 GA 生物合成和调控的基因知之甚少。我们分离出了突变体 gad5-1(GA-Associated Dwarf 5),其特征是矮小、节间短、叶片深绿且短。基于图谱的基因克隆和等位基因验证证实,ZmGAD5编码内脲醛酸氧化酶(KAO),它在玉米的GA生物合成过程中催化KA(内脲醛酸)向GA12的转化。ZmGAD5 定位于内质网,存在于玉米的多个器官中。在 gad5-1 中,ZmGAD5 的表达量严重减少,而 KAO 的直接底物 KA 的含量增加,导致 GA 含量减少。外源施加 GA3 可恢复 gad5-1 的异常表型。与相应的对照Col-0相比,过表达ZmGAD5的转基因拟南芥的生物量、株高以及GA12和GA3的含量都有所增加。这些发现加深了我们对参与GA生物合成的基因的了解,有助于培育出结构更合理、耐种植密度更高的玉米品系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Crop Journal
Crop Journal Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
3.00%
发文量
638
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: The major aims of The Crop Journal are to report recent progresses in crop sciences including crop genetics, breeding, agronomy, crop physiology, germplasm resources, grain chemistry, grain storage and processing, crop management practices, crop biotechnology, and biomathematics. The regular columns of the journal are Original Research Articles, Reviews, and Research Notes. The strict peer-review procedure will guarantee the academic level and raise the reputation of the journal. The readership of the journal is for crop science researchers, students of agricultural colleges and universities, and persons with similar academic levels.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信