Evolutionary genetics of wheat mitochondrial genomes

IF 6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Hui-Lin Hu , Fan Zhang , Pei Wang , Fu-Hao Lu
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Abstract

The Triticum-Aegilops complex provides ideal models for the study of polyploidization, and mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) can be used to trace cytoplasmic inheritance and energy production following polyploidization. In this study, gapless mitochondrial genomes for 19 accessions of five Triticum or Aegilops species were assembled. Comparative genomics confirmed that the BB-genome progenitor donated mtDNA to tetraploid T. turgidum (genome formula AABB), and that this mtDNA was then passed on to the hexaploid T. aestivum (AABBDD). T urartu (AA) was the paternal parent of T. timopheevii (AAGG), and an earlier Ae. tauschii (DD) was the maternal parent of Ae. cylindrica (CCDD). Genic sequences were highly conserved within species, but frequent rearrangements and nuclear or chloroplast DNA insertions occurred during speciation. Four highly variable mitochondrial genes (atp6, cob, nad6, and nad9) were established as marker genes for Triticum and Aegilops species identification. The BB/GG-specific atp6 and cob genes, which were imported from the nuclear genome, could facilitate identification of their diploid progenitors. Genic haplotypes and repeat-sequence patterns indicated that BB was much closer to GG than to Ae. speltoides (SS). These findings provide novel insights into the polyploid evolution of the Triticum/Aegilops complex from the perspective of mtDNA, advancing understanding of energy supply and adaptation in wheat species.

小麦线粒体基因组的进化遗传学
Triticum-Aegilops复合体为研究多倍体化提供了理想的模型,线粒体基因组(mtDNA)可用于追踪多倍体化后的细胞质遗传和能量生产。在这项研究中,我们组装了 5 个小麦或 Aegilops 品种的 19 个无间隙线粒体基因组。比较基因组学证实,BB 基因组祖先向四倍体 T. turgidum(基因组公式为 AABB)提供了 mtDNA,然后该 mtDNA 又传给了六倍体 T. aestivum(AABBDD)。T urartu(AA)是 T. timopheevii(AAGG)的父本,而较早的 Ae. tauschii(DD)是 Ae. cylindrica(CCDD)的母本。种内基因序列高度保守,但在物种演化过程中经常发生重排和核或叶绿体 DNA 插入。四个高度易变的线粒体基因(atp6、cob、nad6 和 nad9)被确定为 Triticum 和 Aegilops 物种鉴定的标记基因。从核基因组导入的 BB/GG 特异性 atp6 和 cob 基因有助于鉴定它们的二倍体祖先。基因单倍型和重复序列模式表明,BB与GG的亲缘关系比与Ae.这些发现从 mtDNA 的角度为 Triticum/Aegilops 复合体的多倍体进化提供了新的视角,促进了对小麦物种能量供应和适应性的理解。
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来源期刊
Crop Journal
Crop Journal Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Agronomy and Crop Science
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
3.00%
发文量
638
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: The major aims of The Crop Journal are to report recent progresses in crop sciences including crop genetics, breeding, agronomy, crop physiology, germplasm resources, grain chemistry, grain storage and processing, crop management practices, crop biotechnology, and biomathematics. The regular columns of the journal are Original Research Articles, Reviews, and Research Notes. The strict peer-review procedure will guarantee the academic level and raise the reputation of the journal. The readership of the journal is for crop science researchers, students of agricultural colleges and universities, and persons with similar academic levels.
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