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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology最新文献

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Callus induction and pro-embryogenic mass formation in Myrciaria dubia , an important medicinal and nutritional plant 重要药用营养植物杜比杨梅愈伤组织的诱导和胚性物质的形成
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-10-22 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021V21N3A40
M. D. C. D. R. Araújo, E. Chagas, W. Vendrame, M. I. G. Ribeiro, E. A. Moura, Daniel L.L. Taveira, P. C. Chagas, M. Grigio
{"title":"Callus induction and pro-embryogenic mass formation in Myrciaria dubia , an important medicinal and nutritional plant","authors":"M. D. C. D. R. Araújo, E. Chagas, W. Vendrame, M. I. G. Ribeiro, E. A. Moura, Daniel L.L. Taveira, P. C. Chagas, M. Grigio","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021V21N3A40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021V21N3A40","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Cacari is a fruit tree that is native to the Amazon region of Brazil. The fruit is considered to have the highest vitamin C content of any edible fruit (13.757 mg 100 g-1 dry weight). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2,4-D and 6-BAP alone or in combination on in vitro callus induction and pro-embryogenic mass formation in cacari stem segments in different culture media as a precursor for cacari micropropagation. The experiment consisted of two culture media (MS and WPM) and combinations of four concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 1, 2 and 4 mg L-1) and BAP (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg L-1). The results showed that the highest percentage of callus formation (99%) was obtained in WPM supplemented with 4 mg L-1, 2,4-D and 1 mg L-1 BAP, and this combination resulted in 93% pro-embryogenic mass formation.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49347035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
NIA-Shaheen (CIM-04-10): A high-yielding, drought-tolerant wheat variety NIA沙欣（CIM-04-10）：一个高产、耐旱的小麦品种
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-09-13 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021V21N2C39
S. Arain, M. A. Sial, K. A. Leghari, M. Faheem, K. D. Jamali
{"title":"NIA-Shaheen (CIM-04-10): A high-yielding, drought-tolerant wheat variety","authors":"S. Arain, M. A. Sial, K. A. Leghari, M. Faheem, K. D. Jamali","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021V21N2C39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021V21N2C39","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The wheat variety NIA-Shaheen (CIM-04-10) has high grain yield and modern plant architecture. It has wide adaptability, increased tiller production, bold grains, high starch and protein content, and good tolerance to disease and environmental stresses, particularly water stress. NIA-Shaheen has high yield potential (7184 kg ha-1).","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46450483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Characterization and genetic diversity of Coffea canephora accessions in a germplasm bank in Espírito Santo, Brazil 巴西圣托Espírito种质资源库中canephora咖啡的特性和遗传多样性
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021v21n2a32
M. A. Ferrão, R. F. D. Mendonça, Aymbiré Francisco Almeida Fonseca, R. G. Ferrão, João Felipe de Brites Senra, P. Volpi, Abraão Carlos Verdin Filho, M. Comerio
{"title":"Characterization and genetic diversity of Coffea canephora accessions in a germplasm bank in Espírito Santo, Brazil","authors":"M. A. Ferrão, R. F. D. Mendonça, Aymbiré Francisco Almeida Fonseca, R. G. Ferrão, João Felipe de Brites Senra, P. Volpi, Abraão Carlos Verdin Filho, M. Comerio","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21n2a32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21n2a32","url":null,"abstract":"The state of Espirito Santo is the major producer of Coffea canephora in Brazil. Knowledge of genetic reserves is fundamental to plant breeding. Therefore, the present study characterized and analyzed the genetic diversity of 600 C. canephora accessions from the germplasm bank of Incaper based on 38 traits evaluated in 24-30-month-old plants. Further, the predominant descriptors or traits were identified, and high phenotypic variability was determined. Genetic distances for the grouped (Gower), quantitative, and qualitative datasets were 0.48, 0.61, and 0.92, respectively, with accessions 76 (Conilon) and 407 (Robusta) being the most divergent ones at Incaper. In clustering using the Tocher optimization method, 30 groups were formed, with three accessions introduced from Epamig s Robusta collection being the most dissimilar ones. Graphical dispersion analysis using the principal coordinate method revealed the predominance of three groups formed by the Robusta, Conilon, and hybrid Robusta × Conilon genotypes.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46108469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Biometry in plant breeding 植物育种中的生物学
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa18
C. Cruz, P. Carneiro, L. L. Bhering
{"title":"Biometry in plant breeding","authors":"C. Cruz, P. Carneiro, L. L. Bhering","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa18","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this manuscript we discuss the purpose and scope of biometry and its interactions, complementation, and even overlap with several other areas of genetics. We emphasize that biometry is an area of genetics that enables researchers to analyze, process, and interpret biological phenomena from data, usually obtained from experimental tests, in an improved way to guide strategies and decision making for optimization of resources. We also highlight the importance of the biometry professional in the context of breeding and the need for continual training, due to new demands for and challenges from inclusion of different types of information for processing and analysis paradigms to better interpret these paradigms.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44511482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Recurrent selection in papaya: An effective strategy for the continuous development of new cultivars 番木瓜的重复选择：新品种持续发展的有效策略
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa20
M. G. Pereira, Renato Santa‐Catarina
{"title":"Recurrent selection in papaya: An effective strategy for the continuous development of new cultivars","authors":"M. G. Pereira, Renato Santa‐Catarina","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa20","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Part of the success of a breeding program depends on the composition of the base population. Superior genotypes and unimproved dioecious varieties are sources of genes for traits of interest and excellent options for the formation of segregating populations. Here we describe the first cycle of recurrent selection (RS) in papaya and propose an effective strategy, unprecedented in the crop, to generate variability and new cultivars. Initially, the RS base population (UCP-C0) was developed with wide variability. Subsequently, 196 S1 progenies were obtained, evaluated in a trial, and the superior 40 S1 progenies were recombined. Among the traits of the selected progenies, high fruit yield (producing two to five fruits per axil) stands out. The S1 progenies were recombined and their seed bulk corresponds to the base population for the second cycle (UCP-C1). The results of the first cycle demonstrate the genetic potential of this population for the development of superior cultivars, and the breeding strategy applied is promising.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45127909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Spray-induced gene silencing: an innovative strategy for plant trait improvement and disease control 喷雾诱导基因沉默：植物性状改良和病害控制的创新策略
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa24
R. Vetukuri, M. Dubey, P. Kalyandurg, A. Carlsson, S. Whisson, R. Ortiz
{"title":"Spray-induced gene silencing: an innovative strategy for plant trait improvement and disease control","authors":"R. Vetukuri, M. Dubey, P. Kalyandurg, A. Carlsson, S. Whisson, R. Ortiz","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa24","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Modern plant breeding is still a time-consuming and costly process, even with the most advanced technologies such as gene editing. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop alternative means for plant trait manipulation and plant protection. RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved cellular mechanism mediated by naturally occurring double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and small RNAs (sRNAs) that can target mRNAs for destruction or transcript reduction. Here, we review the potential of technology based on RNAi, called spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS), as an alternative or adjunct to breeding for manipulation of endogenous gene expression in plants or pathogen control. SIGS based on exogenous application of RNA molecules in plants may be especially useful in reducing pest or pathogen impacts, thereby ameliorating biotic stresses and increasing the agronomic performance of crops.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48855342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Germplasm enhancement and cultivar development: The need for sustainable breeding 种质改良和品种发展：可持续育种的需要
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-07-30 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa17
M. Carena
{"title":"Germplasm enhancement and cultivar development: The need for sustainable breeding","authors":"M. Carena","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa17","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Farmers need sustainable cultivars to increase food supply and value with less production land, animals, and inputs. Next generation plant and animal breeders face climate change adaptation and mitigation challenges. These challenges need to be addressed with opportunities for significant reduction of environmental impact developing cultivars less addicted to fertilizers and soil moisture needs. Sustainable breeding can help balance agriculture with the environment. Sustainable breeders need to integrate long-term pre-breeding activities with cultivar development efforts providing farmers options to comply with environmental regulations. Good choice of germplasm is still the most important decision. The most sophisticated tools will have limited success if poor choices of germplasm are made. Seed companies need capable breeders developing the next generation of sustainable cultivars while public institutions need to mentor sustainable breeders capable to not only broadening and improving unique germplasm but also developing new cultivars carrying desirable traits. Graduates mentored in breeding programs integrating these needs will be selected for industry jobs without need for re-training. Sustainable breeders will need to operate in new breeding centers located in strategic environments for faster genetic improvement ahead of climate changes. Key factors for developing useful and unique sustainable cultivars will be the adaptation of exotic germplasm and the maximization of its genetic improvement before cultivar development through public and private partnerships. Inbreeding, genetic divergence, and reciprocal recurrent selection programs will continue to be essential to purify cultivars and exploit heterosis in economically important species.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44235473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Genomics of grain quality in cereals 谷物品质基因组学
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa14
R. Henry
{"title":"Genomics of grain quality in cereals","authors":"R. Henry","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Rapid advances in genomics are providing the tools to determine the genetic basis of quality (both nutritional and functional) in cereals. This promises to allow increased rates of genetic gain in breeding by reducing the need for extensive end-product testing of new varieties. Many quality traits are the result of relatively recent human selection and are thus likely to be controlled by only a few major genes. This makes identification of these genes for use in breeding selection an attractive target for breeders. Examples of the discovery of genes that are major contributors to key grain quality attributes include, fragrance and cooking temperature in rice (identified by re-sequencing) and loaf volume and milling yield in wheat (identified by transcriptome analysis). Extension of genomic tools to an analysis of the wider gene pool including wild relatives will enable the identification of alleles that may contribute to improved or novel grain quality in the future and may be critical to ensuring quality is retained in a changed climate. Completely new cereal species might be produced.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46340811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Technical nuances of machine learning: implementation and validation of supervised methods for genomic prediction in plant breeding 机器学习的技术细微差别：植物育种中基因组预测监督方法的实施和验证
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa15
A. Xavier
{"title":"Technical nuances of machine learning: implementation and validation of supervised methods for genomic prediction in plant breeding","authors":"A. Xavier","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The decision-making process in plant breeding is driven by data. The machine learning framework has powerful tools that can extract useful information from data. However, there is still a lack of understanding about the underlying algorithms of these methods, their strengths, and pitfalls. Machine learning has two main branches: supervised and unsupervised learning. In plant breeding, supervised learning is used for genomic prediction, where phenotypic traits are modeled as a function of molecular markers. The key supervised learning algorithms for genomic prediction are linear methods, kernel methods, neural networks, and tree ensembles. This manuscript provides an insight into the implementation of these algorithms and how cross-validations can be used to compare methods. Examples for genomic prediction come from plant breeding.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49599911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Plant breeding in Brazil: Retrospective of the past 50 years 巴西植物育种:过去50年的回顾
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学
Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Pub Date : 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa16
M. Ramalho, T. L. Marques, Roxane do Carmo Lemos
{"title":"Plant breeding in Brazil: Retrospective of the past 50 years","authors":"M. Ramalho, T. L. Marques, Roxane do Carmo Lemos","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa16","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The importance of plant breeding in Brazilian agriculture has grown a lot in the last 50 years. This occurred mainly because of the: increase in graduate programs, which qualified hundreds of professionals; creation of EMBRAPA and other research institutes or state companies, with an emphasis on the production of new cultivars and; promulgation of the cultivar protection law, which stimulates investments in seed production. The retrospective of what happened, enabling the country to move from being an importer of grains, fruits, and fibers to one of the largest exporters of these products worldwide, was the focus of this work. Taking as reference some agricultural products, this article highlights the significant contribution of plant breeding in recent years. Also, some of the enormous challenges that still have to be overcome, in which the participation of Brazilian breeders will be fundamental to continue the progress of agriculture in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42488199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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