Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Breeding for PVY resistance in tobacco LJ911 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology","authors":"Ren Ru-yi, Zheng-Liu Qiang, Ni Futai, J. Qiu, Xiuqing Wan, Jicheng Wei","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021V21N1A6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021V21N1A6","url":null,"abstract":"Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the main diseases of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Recent studies indicated that the Va gene (Ntab0942120) determines the susceptibility of the crop to PVY, and that the Va gene product interacts with the PVY genome-linked protein (VPg) to initiate the PVY genome translation process, which ultimately leads to the systemic infection of tobacco by the virus. In this research, tobacco cultivar LJ911 was used as receptor material for gene editing. Gene Va was knocked out through CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and transgene-free homozygous edited plants in the T1 generation were established. Pathology tests indicated that the edited plants had gained PVY resistance. Therefore, the edited materials generated in this study represent potentially useful genetic resources for breeding of PVYresistant tobacco.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67260277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection of maize hybrids: an approach with multi-trait, multi-environment, and ideotype-design","authors":"M. A. Peixoto, I. Coelho, J. S. P. C. Evangelista, S. S. D. O. Santos, R. S. Alves, J. Pinto, E. F. Reis, L. L. Bhering","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21n2a31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21n2a31","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to evaluate the applicability and efficiency of the FAI-BLUP index in the genetic selection of maize hybrids, using 84 maize hybrids that were evaluated for cycle, morphology, and yield traits in four environments. Models accounting for homogeneous and heterogeneous residual variances were tested, and variance components were estimated using the residual maximum likelihood. Genotypic values were predicted by best linear unbiased prediction, and factor analysis was applied to group the traits. The FAI-BLUP index was used for the selection of maize hybrids based on ideotype design. Three factors explained more than 70% of genotypic variability, with selective accuracies varying from low (0.46) to high (0.99). Predicted genetic gains were positive for traits related to yield and negative for traits related to cycle and morphology, as is desirable in maize crop.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67260412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice blast: strategies and challenges for improving genetic resistance","authors":"Valéria Oliveira Nizolli, C. Pegoraro, A. Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa22","url":null,"abstract":"Rice blast, caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae L., is considered one of the main threats to world rice production. The development of resistant cultivars is one of the best and sustainable control alternatives. Plant breeding efforts have been accelerated by genetic mapping (linkage and associative) and marker assisted selection. On the other hand, genomic editing techniques, such as meganucleases (MNs), Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator–like Effector Nucleases (TALENs) and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindrome Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), can be used to promote specific genetic modifications. Likewise, transgenics can also be used to manipulate specific genes. In this sense, this work aims to characterize rice blast and elucidate available biotechnological alternatives to accelerate the development of improved rice cultivars resistant to rice blast.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67261729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next generation breeding in pulses: Present status and future directions","authors":"Ashish Kumar, A. Bohra, R R Mir, Radheshyam Sharma, Abha Tiwari, Mohd Anwar Khan, R. Varshney","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67261787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IAC 201CS and IAC 201CO: Crotalaria cultivars with high fresh matter yield and seed production","authors":"S. Rovaris, G. D. M. C. Gonçalves, J. F. C. Paulino, Simone Daneluz Gobbi, A. F. Chiorato, S. Carbonell","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21n2c38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21n2c38","url":null,"abstract":"The cultivars IAC 201CS and IAC 201CO have a mean cycle of 100 and 110 days, mean 1000 seed weight of 18 and 6 grams, mean total fresh matter weight of 26,287.81 and 36,174.12 kg ha-1, and mean seed weight of 812.57 and 1,017.09 kg ha-1, respectively.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67260199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BRS 500 B2RF: transgenic cotton cultivar expressing Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab, and CP4-EPSPS with multiple disease resistance","authors":"N. Suassuna, C. L. Morello, F. Perina, J. L. S. Silva Filho, Murilo Barros Pedrosa, Fernanda Oliveira da Cunha Magalhães, V. Sofiatti, F. M. Lamas, L. G. Chitarra, Francisco J. Correia Farias, Wellington Costa Rodrigues do O","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21n2c36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21n2c36","url":null,"abstract":"BRS 500 B2RF is a high-yielding cotton cultivar with transgenic resistance to lepidopteran pests and tolerance to the herbicide glyphosate. Additionally, BRS 500 B2RF has resistance to Ramularia leaf spot and partial resistance to root-knot nematode. It represents an important contribution to sustainable cotton production in Brazil.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67260074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic affinity in hybrids of B-genome Arachis species: new genetic resources toward peanut improvement","authors":"Alejandra Vanina García, M. C. Silvestri, Melina A. Vandecaveye, A. R. Custodio, M. Moretzsohn, G. I. Lavia","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21n3a48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21n3a48","url":null,"abstract":": Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop and food legume that is highly susceptible to biotic and abiotic factors. Wild Arachis spe - cies represent useful genetic resources because of their resistance to pests and diseases. In particular, understanding the affinity between B-genome species is important for broadening the genetic base of A. hypogaea (AABB genome), since only one population of A. ipaënsis is known, and relatively few other species have been described. Therefore, we aimed to determine the genomic affinity between A. ipaënsis and A. williamsii by developing hybrids. Microsatellite markers verified the hybrid status, and chromosome pairing and pollen viability results revealed that the species share high genomic affinity. Additionally, the presence of dyads detected in sporad and pollen analyses indicated the production of 2n gametes. These results will be useful for performing evolutionary studies and developing strategies for introgression programs to improve the B genome of A. hypogaea.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67261695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IAC 2153 and IAC 2156: cranberry and dark red kidney common bean cultivars for new markets","authors":"S. Carbonell, G. D. M. C. Gonçalves, J. F. C. Paulino, S. Rovaris, C. Almeida, J. Gonçalves, R. S. Freitas, A. F. Chiorato","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21n4c56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21n4c56","url":null,"abstract":"IAC 2153 and IAC 2156 are new common bean cultivars with special bean grains for new markets, especially the international market. They have a mean hundred-seed weight of 50 g, mean cooking time of 32 min, resistance to anthracnose and Fusarium wilt, and moderate resistance to common bacterial blight.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67261522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BRS FS311: common bean cultivar with striped seed coat, high yield, and commercial quality","authors":"M. S. Aguiar, H. S. Pereira, L. C. Faria, T. Souza, Joaquim Geraldo C. Costa, Nilda Pessoa de Souza Contadora, M. C. S. Magaldi, A. M. Knupp, V. M. D. Almeida, L. C. Melo","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21n4c61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21n4c61","url":null,"abstract":"BRS FS311 is a cultivar of common bean in the striped seed coat group, with high yield, larger bean grain, and visual appearance suitable for the striped seed coat standard. It also has a cycle of semi-early, upright architecture and moderate resistance to fusarium wilt and anthracnose.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67261596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of high-throughput phenotyping in genomic selection context","authors":"Reyna Persa, P. C. D. O. Ribeiro, D. Jarquín","doi":"10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332021v21sa19","url":null,"abstract":"One of the biggest challenges that breeders face is the development of improved cultivars in changing climate conditions posing extra challenges to their labor. On the other hand, the availability of data generated with automated systems offers an opportunity to characterize genetically and phenotypically genotypes with high detail. Modern sequencing technologies delivering hundreds of thousands of molecular makers, offered the opportunity of selecting genotypes without the need of observing these in fields and this methodology was coined as Genomic Selection (GS). More recently, sophisticated automated phenotyping platforms depending on sensors able to measure a large number of plant features were also developed and have shown potential in plant breeding applications. These modern phenotyping systems that attempt to efficiently deliver phenotypic information on secondary traits are also know as high-throughput phenotyping platforms (HTPPs). The integration of HTPP with GS models opened a new research front to improve the efficiency of the selection methods based on genomic data only, specially of those traits depending on a large number of genes with small effects (complex traits). However, there are still remaining some issues to solve for developing a robust methodology able to combine in an efficient and informed way these two high dimensional data types. In this document, we provide an overview of the statistical analysis of the data derived of the HTTPs for improving the predictive ability of conventional GS models. First, we provide a brief introduction showing the utility of genomic data in plant breeding applications. Then, we provide an overview of the field-based HTPPs considering the light detection and ranging, and the unmanned aerial vehicles and how the image data derived from these platforms can be used to accelerate genetic gains. After that, we discuss about the extension of the conventional GS models to allow the incorporation of data derived of the HTPPs as main effects and also in interaction with environmental factors. The availability of several sources of information have opened a venue to investigate besides the univariate or single trait model, models based on multiple traits and also models that consider multiple time measures allowing longitudinal GS studies. Finally, we provide some conclusions as well as we mention some the current issues that do not allow to fully exploit the potential of HTTPs in plant breeding applications.","PeriodicalId":10763,"journal":{"name":"Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67261674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}