Current Rheumatology Reports最新文献

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The Role of Podocytes in Lupus Pathology. 足细胞在狼疮病理中的作用。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01175-4
Kayaho Maeda, Reza Abdi, George C Tsokos
{"title":"The Role of Podocytes in Lupus Pathology.","authors":"Kayaho Maeda, Reza Abdi, George C Tsokos","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01175-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-024-01175-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Kidney injury due to lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe and sometimes life-threatening sequela of systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmune injury to podocytes has been increasingly demonstrated to be a key driver of LN-related kidney injury because these cells play key roles in glomerular filtration barrier homeostasis. Irreparable podocyte injury impairs these processes and can lead to proteinuria, which is an indicator of poor prognosis in LN. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the involvement of podocytes in the pathogenesis of LN and discusses new podocyte-targeted therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Podocytes play a key role in glomerular filtration barrier homeostasis, both by helping to secrete and organize the glomerular basement membrane and by the formation of a glomerular slit diaphragm between adjacent cells. Recent studies revealed the involvement of abnormal calcium signaling, dysregulation of actin-related proteins, and mitotic catastrophe in LN progression. In addition, podocytes express many molecules related to the innate and adaptive immune responses. IgG from patients with LN induces direct injury of podocytes, inflammasome, and interactions with immune cells which have been shown to promote the development of LN. Our understanding of the role of podocytes in the pathogenesis of LN has been improved. Recent studies have shed light on potential therapeutic strategies targeting podocytes to control kidney injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Year in Review: Novel Insights in the Pathogenesis of Spondyloarthritis - SPARTAN 2024 Annual Meeting Proceedings. 年度回顾:脊柱炎发病机制的新见解- SPARTAN 2024年年会论文集。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01176-3
Patricia Remalante-Rayco, Akihiro Nakamura
{"title":"Year in Review: Novel Insights in the Pathogenesis of Spondyloarthritis - SPARTAN 2024 Annual Meeting Proceedings.","authors":"Patricia Remalante-Rayco, Akihiro Nakamura","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01176-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-024-01176-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The canonical pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis (SpA) involves inflammation driven by HLA-B27, type 3 immunity, and gut microbial dysregulation. This review based on information presented at the SPARTAN meeting highlights studies on the pathogenesis of SpA from the past year, focusing on emerging mechanisms such as the roles of microbe-derived metabolites, microRNAs (miRNAs) and cytokines in plasma exosomes, specific T cell subsets, and neutrophils.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The induction of arthritis in a preclinical model through microbiota-driven alterations in tryptophan catabolism provides new insights as to how intestinal dysbiosis may activate disease via the gut-joint axis. Immune activation may likewise be modulated by dysregulated miRNAs and cytokines contained in plasma exosomes, which appear to influence the homeostasis of both effector T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Closer examination of T cells in animal models has uncovered distinct transcriptional and functional profiles between gut and joint Tregs, as well as highly specific T cell subsets that can be targeted to induce disease modification. Newer studies including both SpA patients and preclinical models have focused on the key role of neutrophils as drivers of inflammation and new bone formation in hypoxic, inflammation-driven tissue environments, potentially through interactions with adipocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. Functional studies and high-throughput techniques using samples from SpA patients and preclinical models have significantly enhanced our understanding of SpA pathogenesis, offering new insights into the specific mechanisms of immune regulation and identifying promising therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Updating the 2019 ACR/SAA/SPARTAN Recommendations for the Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis (SPARTAN 2024 Annual Meeting Proceedings). 更新2019年ACR/SAA/SPARTAN治疗强直性脊柱炎和非放射性轴性脊柱炎的建议(SPARTAN 2024年年会论文集)。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01170-9
Mathieu Choufani, Joerg Ermann
{"title":"Updating the 2019 ACR/SAA/SPARTAN Recommendations for the Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis (SPARTAN 2024 Annual Meeting Proceedings).","authors":"Mathieu Choufani, Joerg Ermann","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01170-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11926-024-01170-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Since the publication of the 2019 American College of Rheumatology/Spondylitis Association of America/Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network (ACR/SAA/SPARTAN) treatment recommendations for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), new evidence has emerged that necessitates a revision of the ACR/SAA/SPARTAN clinical practice guideline (CPG).</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>An online survey was conducted among SPARTAN members prior to the 2024 Annual Meeting, with 81 members participating. A majority (62%) expressed a preference for treating axSpA as a single entity in the updated CPG, eliminating the distinction between AS and nonradiographic axSpA. Updating the recommendations on pharmacotherapy was considered the top priority, followed by revising recommendations on disease activity monitoring and biosimilar use. Over half of the respondents (58%) rated the 2019 CPG as no more than moderately user-friendly. Key areas for improvement include outdated content, lack of quick reference materials, complex flow charts, and inadequate visual aids. The survey results indicate strong support among SPARTAN members for treating axSpA as a single entity in the forthcoming update of the ACR/SAA/SPARTAN CPG. Additionally, there is demand for a more user-friendly guideline document.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advancements in Imaging Techniques for Early Diagnosis and Management of Axial Spondyloarthritis. 轴型脊柱炎早期诊断与治疗的影像技术进展。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01172-7
Howook Jeon, Hong Ki Min
{"title":"Advancements in Imaging Techniques for Early Diagnosis and Management of Axial Spondyloarthritis.","authors":"Howook Jeon, Hong Ki Min","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01172-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11926-024-01172-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>We aimed to introduce recent finding of imaging studies used in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Using low-dose whole spine CT (CT syndesmophyte score [CTSS]) improved diagnostic accuracy for evaluating spinal structural progression than previous method (modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score [mSASSS]) in axSpA. The novel definition of positive finding of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) and spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enabled to diagnose axSpA earlier than plain radiography. In addition, novel MRI protocol such as volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination improved detection rate of structural change of axial joints in axSpA, Nuclear medicine imaging showed potential for diagnosis and predicting progression of axSpA. Ultrasonography guided injection is useful for controlling local joint pain of axSpA. AxSpA is characterised by pain and inflammation of axial joints such as the SIJ and spine. Detection of active inflammatory lesions using MRI has expanded the subtypes of axSpA to include non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA). In addition, many other imaging techniques have improved, and can now detect structural and early inflammatory lesions of the axial joints. In addition, a method for quantitative measurement of syndesmophytes by CTSS has been developed; this method is more accurate and sensitive than the mSASSS for detecting spinal structural damage. Here, we discuss the current knowledge and clinical advances in computed tomography, MRI, nuclear medicine imaging, and ultrasonography as imaging methods for axSpA.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Incremental Cardiovascular Risk of Menopause in Women with Psoriasis, Psoriatic Arthritis or Spondyloarthritis? 银屑病、银屑病关节炎或脊柱炎女性绝经后心血管风险增加?
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01169-2
Donna E Vegt, Delia A Popa-Diaconu, Michelle L M Mulder, Sander I van Leuven, Irene E van der Horst-Bruinsma
{"title":"Incremental Cardiovascular Risk of Menopause in Women with Psoriasis, Psoriatic Arthritis or Spondyloarthritis?","authors":"Donna E Vegt, Delia A Popa-Diaconu, Michelle L M Mulder, Sander I van Leuven, Irene E van der Horst-Bruinsma","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01169-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11926-024-01169-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>This narrative review aims to discuss the most recent studies regarding the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA). In addition, the potential of menopause to modulate/increase CVD risk in women with these diseases will also be explored. It is of major interest to gain more understanding into this topic because it can have meaningful implications for screening and treatment of CVD risk in these women.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Literature shows that psoriasis, PsA, SpA and menopause itself cause higher CVD risks and higher CVD prevalence. This is predominantly explained by the increase of chronic systemic inflammation. No existing literature conclusively demonstrates or studies specifically whether the menopause amplifies this effect caused by psoriasis, PsA, or SpA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differences in pathophysiology of psoriasis, SpA and PsA versus the menopausal transition could suggest that menopause may increase the risk of CVD. However, the hypothesis that menopause represents an additional CV risk factor in women with psoriasis, PsA and SpA still needs to be thoroughly investigated and more clinical studies are required for further understanding and conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Newer Autoantibodies and Laboratory Assessments in Myositis. 肌炎的新自身抗体和实验室评估。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01171-8
Georgina R Harvey, Christine MacFadyen, Sarah L Tansley
{"title":"Newer Autoantibodies and Laboratory Assessments in Myositis.","authors":"Georgina R Harvey, Christine MacFadyen, Sarah L Tansley","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01171-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11926-024-01171-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>We aim to describe the immunoassays that have been used for myositis autoantibody discovery with a focus on newer methods. We describe recently identified myositis autoantibodies that do not yet form part of routine clinical testing, highlighting what is known about their associated clinical phenotype and potential clues as to their presence.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Novel approaches to autoantibody detection have been employed in recent years including chemiluminescent immunoassay, phage immunoprecipitation-sequencing and modifications to the more traditional immunoprecipitation technique. This has led to the discovery of novel autoantibodies, including novel anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase autoantibodies and autoantibodies which modify cancer risk for patients with anti-TIF1ɣ associated dermatomyositis. New approaches to novel autoantibody detection have facilitated autoantibody discovery and will enable the identification of autoantibodies to a broader range of autoantigens. Challenges remain in translating this knowledge into accessible testing particularly given the rarity of most recently discovered autoantibodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Update on Kawasaki Disease. 川崎病最新进展
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01167-4
Anurag Ratan Goel, Ali Yalcindag
{"title":"An Update on Kawasaki Disease.","authors":"Anurag Ratan Goel, Ali Yalcindag","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01167-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11926-024-01167-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To summarize advances in research on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of Kawasaki Disease (KD), a systemic inflammatory illness of unknown etiology that affects children globally.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The epidemiology of KD was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and advances in molecular immunology and machine learning have enabled research into its pathogenesis. There is ongoing research into agents that can be used to intensify initial treatment and accumulating evidence supporting the use of certain rescue regimens for refractory disease over others. There is promise surrounding a new coronary artery aneurysm prediction model. Research into the post-acute morbidity of KD continues. The COVID-19 pandemic temporarily reduced the incidence of KD. The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a key role in KD pathogenesis. Intensified initial treatment benefits high-risk patients, yet no intensification regimen shows superiority over another. Corticosteroids, infliximab, or combination therapy with IVIg plus another agent may be superior rescue regimens compared to IVIg alone for refractory KD. The Son score, developed in North America, predicted coronary artery lesions in Japanese and Italian cohorts. Patients with a history of KD may carry long-term physical and emotional burdens that persist into adulthood yet appear to have typical neurocognitive development. Successful transition to adult healthcare presents a challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Treatment of Reactive Arthritis with Biological Agents. 用生物制剂治疗反应性关节炎。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01165-6
Avarna Agarwal, Debashis Maikap, Prasanta Padhan
{"title":"Treatment of Reactive Arthritis with Biological Agents.","authors":"Avarna Agarwal, Debashis Maikap, Prasanta Padhan","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01165-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11926-024-01165-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Reactive arthritis (ReA) is an inflammatory joint condition triggered by an infection elsewhere in the body, and this review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of recent studies including case reports and case series to determine whether biologics are a treatment option.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Recent studies indicate that biological agents, including anti-TNF agents (infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept), anti-IL17 (secukinumab), and anti-IL6 (tocilizumab), are effective in treating refractory cases of ReA. Evidence suggests these agents are associated with significant clinical improvement. Notably, the data reveal that these biologics are generally well-tolerated, with a low incidence of major adverse events, which supports their safety profile for use in ReA. Biological agents, including anti-TNF, anti-IL17, and anti-IL6 therapies, can be safely and effectively used in the treatment of ReA when conventional therapies fail. It further emphasizes the need for a well-designed controlled trial to provide scientific basis for better informed clinical decisions in cases not responding to conventional treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"450-458"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How to Distinguish Non-Inflammatory from Inflammatory Pain in RA? 如何区分 RA 中的非炎症性疼痛和炎症性疼痛?
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01159-4
Sharmila Khot, George Tackley, Ernest Choy
{"title":"How to Distinguish Non-Inflammatory from Inflammatory Pain in RA?","authors":"Sharmila Khot, George Tackley, Ernest Choy","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01159-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11926-024-01159-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Managing non-inflammatory pain in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can be a huge burden for the rheumatologist. Pain that persists despite optimal RA treatment is extremely challenging for patient and physician alike. Here, we outline the latest research relevant to distinguishing non-inflammatory from inflammatory RA pain and review the current understanding of its neurobiology and management.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Nociplastic pain is a recently introduced term by the international pain community. Its definition encompasses the non-inflammatory pain of RA and describes pain that is not driven by inflamed joints or compromised nerves, but that is instead driven by a functional reorganisation of the central nervous system (CNS). Insights from all areas of nociplastic pain research, including fibromyalgia, support a personalised pain management approach for non-inflammatory pain of RA, with evidence-based guidelines favouring use of non-pharmacological interventions. Future developments include novel CNS targeting pharmacotherapeutic approaches to treat nociplastic pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"403-413"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (RA-ILD): Update on Prevalence, Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, and Therapy. 类风湿性关节炎相关间质性肺病(RA-ILD):发病率、风险因素、发病机制和治疗的最新进展。
IF 5.7 2区 医学
Current Rheumatology Reports Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01155-8
Daniel I Sullivan, Dana P Ascherman
{"title":"Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease (RA-ILD): Update on Prevalence, Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, and Therapy.","authors":"Daniel I Sullivan, Dana P Ascherman","doi":"10.1007/s11926-024-01155-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11926-024-01155-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis is frequently complicated by interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), an underappreciated contributor to excess morbidity and mortality. The true prevalence of RA-ILD is difficult to define given the variability in diagnostic criteria used. The lack of standardized screening methods, an incomplete understanding of disease pathogenesis, and dearth of validated biomarkers have limited the development of controlled clinical trials for this disease.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Numerous studies have focused on clinical, radiographic, genetic, molecular, and/or serologic markers of disease severity as well as risk of disease progression. In addition to defining valuable clinical biomarkers, these studies have provided insights regarding the pathogenesis of RA-ILD and potential therapeutic targets. Additional studies involving immunomodulatory and/or anti-fibrotic agents have assessed new therapeutic options for different stages of RA-ILD. RA-ILD continues to be a major contributor to the increased morbidity and mortality associated with RA. Advancements in our understanding of disease pathogenesis at a molecular level are necessary to drive the development of more targeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10761,"journal":{"name":"Current Rheumatology Reports","volume":" ","pages":"431-449"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142343110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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