Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences最新文献

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in serum protein electrophoresis: history, state of the art, and perspective.","authors":"He He, Lingfeng Wang, Xia Wang, Mei Zhang","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2274325","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2274325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) is a valuable laboratory test that separates proteins from the blood based on their electrical charge and size. The test can detect and analyze various protein abnormalities, and the interpretation of graphic SPEP features plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and monitoring of conditions, such as myeloma. Furthermore, the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology presents an opportunity to enhance the organization and optimization of analytical procedures by streamlining the process and reducing the potential for human error in SPEP analysis, thereby making the process more efficient and reliable. For instance, AI can assist in the identification of protein peaks, the calculation of their relative proportions, and the detection of abnormalities or inconsistencies. This review explores the characteristics and limitations of AI in SPEP, and the role of standardization in improving its clinical utility. It also offers guidance on the rational ordering and interpreting of SPEP results in conjunction with AI. Such integration can effectively reduce the time and resources required for manual analysis while improving the accuracy and consistency of the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":" ","pages":"226-240"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71421467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omics-based novel strategies in the diagnosis of endometriosis.","authors":"Mohammad Samare-Najaf, Seyed Ali Razavinasab, Ali Samareh, Navid Jamali","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2270736","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2270736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometriosis, an enigmatic and chronic disorder, is considered a debilitating condition despite being benign. Globally, this gynecologic disorder affects up to 10% of females of reproductive age, impacting almost 190 million individuals. A variety of genetic and environmental factors are involved in endometriosis development, hence the pathophysiology and etiology of endometriosis remain unclear. The uncertainty of the etiology of the disease and its complexity along with nonspecific symptoms have led to misdiagnosis or lack of diagnosis of affected people. Biopsy and laparoscopy are referred to as the gold standard for endometriosis diagnosis. However, the invasiveness of the procedure, the unnecessary operation in disease-free women, and the dependence of the reliability of diagnosis on experience in this area are considered the most significant limitations. Therefore, continuous studies have attempted to offer a noninvasive and reliable approach. The recent advances in modern technologies have led to the generation of large-scale biological data sets, known as -omics data, resulting in the proceeding of the -omics century in biomedical sciences. Thereby, the present study critically reviews novel and noninvasive biomarkers that are based on -omics approaches from 2020 onward. The findings reveal that biomarkers identified based on genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics are potentially able to diagnose endometriosis, predict prognosis, and stage patients, and potentially, in the near future, a multi-panel of these biomarkers will generate clinical benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":" ","pages":"205-225"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50157259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current iron therapy in the light of regulation, intestinal microbiome, and toxicity: are we prescribing too much iron?","authors":"Anaëlle L. Dentand, Morton G. Schubert, Pierre-Alexandre Krayenbuehl","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2024.2331477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408363.2024.2331477","url":null,"abstract":"Iron deficiency is a widespread global health concern with varying prevalence rates across different regions. In developing countries, scarcity of food and chronic infections contribute to iron def...","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The European Organisation of External Quality Assurance Providers in Laboratory Medicine (EQALM) Statement: guidelines for publishing about interlaboratory comparison studies (PubILC)","authors":"Christoph Buchta, Gro Gidske, Gitte M. Henriksen, Tony Badrick, on behalf of the European Organisation of External Quality Assurance Providers in Laboratory Medicine (EQALM)","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2024.2335202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408363.2024.2335202","url":null,"abstract":"Data and results from interlaboratory comparison (ILC) studies, external quality assessment (EQA) and proficiency testing (PT) activities are important and valuable contributions both to the furthe...","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140594818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of pharmacogenomics testing for precision medicine.","authors":"Anastasia L Gant Kanegusuku, Clarence W Chan, Peter H O'Donnell, Kiang-Teck J Yeo","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2255279","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2255279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Great strides have been made in the past decade to lower barriers to clinical pharmacogenomics implementation. Nevertheless, PGx consultation prior to prescribing therapeutics is not yet mainstream. This review addresses the current climate surrounding PGx implementation, focusing primarily on strategies for implementation at academic institutions, particularly at The University of Chicago, and provides an up-to-date guide of resources supporting the development of PGx programs. Remaining challenges and recent strategies for overcoming these challenges to implementation are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":" ","pages":"89-106"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41093748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging applications of machine learning in genomic medicine and healthcare.","authors":"Narjice Chafai, Luigi Bonizzi, Sara Botti, Bouabid Badaoui","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2259466","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2259466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of artificial intelligence technologies has propelled the progress of clinical and genomic medicine in recent years. The significant increase in computing power has facilitated the ability of artificial intelligence models to analyze and extract features from extensive medical data and images, thereby contributing to the advancement of intelligent diagnostic tools. Artificial intelligence (AI) models have been utilized in the field of personalized medicine to integrate clinical data and genomic information of patients. This integration allows for the identification of customized treatment recommendations, ultimately leading to enhanced patient outcomes. Notwithstanding the notable advancements, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of medicine is impeded by various obstacles such as the limited availability of clinical and genomic data, the diversity of datasets, ethical implications, and the inconclusive interpretation of AI models' results. In this review, a comprehensive evaluation of multiple machine learning algorithms utilized in the fields of clinical and genomic medicine is conducted. Furthermore, we present an overview of the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) in the fields of clinical medicine, drug discovery, and genomic medicine. Finally, a number of constraints pertaining to the implementation of artificial intelligence within the healthcare industry are examined.</p>","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":" ","pages":"140-163"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41182260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the data in direct access testing: information technology to support an emerging care model.","authors":"Michelle Stoffel, Stacy G Beal, Khalda A Ibrahim, Michael Rummel, Dina N Greene","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2258973","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2258973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Direct access testing (DAT) is an emerging care model that provides on-demand laboratory services for certain preventative, diagnostic, and monitoring indications. Unlike conventional testing models where health care providers order tests and where sample collection is performed onsite at the clinic or laboratory, most interactions between DAT consumers and the laboratory are virtual. Tests are ordered and results delivered online, and specimens are frequently self-collected at home with virtual support. Thus, DAT depends on high-quality information technology (IT) tools and optimized data utilization to a greater degree than conventional laboratory testing. This review critically discusses the United States DAT landscape in relation to IT to highlight digital challenges and opportunities for consumers, health care systems, providers, and laboratories. DAT offers consumers increased autonomy over the testing experience, cost, and data sharing, but the current capacity to integrate DAT as a care option into the conventional patient-provider model is lacking and will require innovative approaches to accommodate. Likewise, both consumers and health care providers need transparent information about the quality of DAT laboratories and clinical decision support to optimize appropriate use of DAT as a part of comprehensive care. Interoperability barriers will require intentional approaches to integrating DAT-derived data into the electronic health records of health systems nationally. This includes ensuring the laboratory results are appropriately captured for downstream data analytic pipelines that are used to satisfy population health and research needs. Despite the data- and IT-related challenges for widespread incorporation of DAT into routine health care, DAT has the potential to improve health equity by providing versatile, discreet, and affordable testing options for patients who have been marginalized by the current limitations of health care delivery in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":" ","pages":"127-139"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41106485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of clinical guidelines, laboratory recommendations and external quality assurance programs for monoclonal gammopathy testing.","authors":"Say Min Lim, Nilika Wijeratne, Kay Weng Choy, Thi Thanh Hai Nguyen, Lyana Setiawan, Tze Ping Loh","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2257306","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2257306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monoclonal gammopathy (MG) is a spectrum of diseases ranging from the benign asymptomatic monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to the malignant multiple myeloma. Clinical guidelines and laboratory recommendations have been developed to inform best practices in the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of MG. In this review, the pathophysiology, relevant laboratory testing recommended in clinical practice guidelines and laboratory recommendations related to MG testing and reporting are examined. The clinical guidelines recommend serum protein electrophoresis, serum immunofixation and serum free light chain measurement as initial screening. The laboratory recommendations omit serum immunofixation as it offers limited additional diagnostic value. The laboratory recommendations offer guidance on reporting findings beyond monoclonal protein, which was not required by the clinical guidelines. The clinical guidelines suggested monitoring total IgA concentration by turbidimetry or nephelometry method if the monoclonal protein migrates in the non-gamma region, whereas the laboratory recommendations make allowance for involved IgM and IgG. Additionally, several external quality assurance programs for MG protein electrophoresis and free light chain testing are also appraised. The external quality assurance programs show varied assessment criteria for protein electrophoresis reporting and unit of measurement. There is also significant disparity in reported monoclonal protein concentrations with wide inter-method analytical variation noted for both monoclonal protein quantification and serum free light chain measurement, however this variation appears smaller when the same method was used. Greater harmonization among laboratory recommendations and reporting format may improve clinical interpretation of MG testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":" ","pages":"107-126"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41101854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid biopsy for the management of NSCLC patients under osimertinib treatment","authors":"Aliki Ntzifa, Theodoros Marras, Vasilis Georgoulias, Evi Lianidou","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2024.2302116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10408363.2024.2302116","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic management of NSCLC patients is quite challenging as they are mainly diagnosed at a late stage of disease, and they present a high heterogeneous molecular profile. Osimertinib changed t...","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139661764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of SARS-CoV-2 serological testing: impact of test performance, sample matrices, and patient characteristics.","authors":"Chun Yiu Jordan Fung, Mackenzie Scott, Jordan Lerner-Ellis, Jennifer Taher","doi":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2254390","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10408363.2023.2254390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Laboratory testing has been a key tool in managing the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. While rapid antigen and PCR testing has proven useful for diagnosing acute SARS-CoV-2 infections, additional testing methods are required to understand the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 infections on immune response. Serological testing, a well-documented laboratory practice, measures the presence of antibodies in a sample to uncover information about host immunity. Although proposed applications of serological testing for clinical use have previously been limited, current research into SARS-CoV-2 has shown growing utility for serological methods in these settings. To name a few, serological testing has been used to identify patients with past infections and long-term active disease and to monitor vaccine efficacy. Test utility and result interpretation, however, are often complicated by factors that include poor test sensitivity early in infection, lack of immune response in some individuals, overlying infection and vaccination responses, lack of standardization of antibody titers/levels between instruments, unknown titers that confer immune protection, and large between-individual biological variation following infection or vaccination. Thus, the three major components of this review will examine (1) factors that affect serological test utility: test performance, testing matrices, seroprevalence concerns and viral variants, (2) patient factors that affect serological response: timing of sampling, age, sex, body mass index, immunosuppression and vaccination, and (3) informative applications of serological testing: identifying past infection, immune surveillance to guide health practices, and examination of protective immunity. SARS-CoV-2 serological testing should be beneficial for clinical care if it is implemented appropriately. However, as with other laboratory developed tests, use of SARS-CoV-2 serology as a testing modality warrants careful consideration of testing limitations and evaluation of its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":10760,"journal":{"name":"Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences","volume":" ","pages":"70-88"},"PeriodicalIF":10.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41093792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}