Applied Ecology eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Lake Restoration: Step to Save Ecosystem","authors":"J. Mishra","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3235134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3235134","url":null,"abstract":"Lakes in India are under severe pressure, due to increasing population day by day. According to current census 1.34 billion is the population of India. Most of the lakes are dies due to demand of land or by the water pollution. Recent research has shown that the ecosystem of many lakes are degraded day by day, which also effect the overall atmosphere. Therefore, there is a growing demand for lake restoration and sustainable lake management. This papers highlights the problem arises in Vishrantwadi Lake, Pune, India and also includes how the overall ecosystem is disturbed by the degraded lake water qualities.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121939048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Africa's Potentials of Biopower for Low Carbon Development","authors":"Ismail Abubakar Jumare, L. Mofor, Mekalia Paulos, Ralid Ajabboune","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3231565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3231565","url":null,"abstract":"Clean and Improved energy access is the topmost priority in the African continent and the globe at large due to persistent energy demand rise and the challenge of climate change. The persistent increase in the energy demand arising from population exponential growth is particular more severe on electricity as more fundamental due to its multiplying impact on virtually all sectors of economy. This paper tries to explore the potentialities of Biopower for Africa’s low carbon development. In doing so, the review of the electricity generation has been done for the continent with the analyzed chances of scaling up the power supply mix by high and efficient utilization of the lignocellulose biomass resource potentials for biopower, and in the same manner, lowering the depleting fossil fuel consumption for environmental concerns and benefits. Manual analyses were done as well as applying M.S EXCEL forecasting and also the incorporation of RETSCREEN Baselines thoughts. The result is obvious on the fact that for the 2014 baseline power assessment, a 50% reduction of fossil fuel uptake and incorporation of 90% of the explored total lignocellulose-based biomass resources for bio-power will ensure electricity increase by 79.9% with a high greenhouse gas emission savings of 171MT. Moreover, on basing the analyses to 2030 power projection scenario showed an electricity increase by 43.46% with the greenhouse gas emission savings of 194MT based on 25% reduction of fossil fuels with addition of 90% of total biomass resource. Therefore, this is obvious to the fact that Africa is fortunate with huge un-tapped Biomass resource of which having appropriate policies in place for their full utilization in a sustainable way as proposed, will give a better room for changing the story-line of energy deficit in the continent particularly as it relates to power sector being an area of most concern with multiplying impacts.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131413567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Afforestation of Agricultural Land Financed from the RDP 2014-2020","authors":"M. Zieliński","doi":"10.30858/pw/9788376587431.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30858/pw/9788376587431.17","url":null,"abstract":"The paper highlights the role of afforestations as an important method for management of agricultural land with adverse natural farming conditions in Poland. In the first place, it assessed natural farming conditions in Poland in regional terms and their impact on the economic situation and the possibility of afforestation on farms. The next step was to assess the state of implementing existing afforestations financed from the RDP 2014-2020. Then, it estimated their contribution to carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration from the atmosphere in the Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) area. The paper used the data from the Agency for Restructuring and Modernisation of Agriculture (Agencja Restrukturyzacji i Modernizacji Rolnictwa, ARiMR), Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute (Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Panstwowy Instytut Naukowy, IUNG) and the data from farms conducting accounting for the Polish Farm Accountancy Data Network (Polish FADN) in 2013-2015, as well as the literature data.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"106 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130660106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermoelectric Generator: Power Generation Using Temperature Difference for Use in Home Applications","authors":"Albert Patrick David","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3455578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3455578","url":null,"abstract":"Energy conversion using waste heat recovering techniques especially thermo-electric generator (TEG) technologies has developed during recent years. It’s utilization in the alternative energy industry is attempted from many aspects. Previous research shows that TEG as a waste heat harvesting method is feasible. <br><br>The study for the search of renewable sources of energy has been a major concern worldwide as a replacement to the high demand for fossil fuels. The researcher ventured in harvesting heat energy and converting it into electric energy. This was made possible with the use of Seebeck effect. Thermo-electric generators (TEGs) are semiconductor-based devices that harvest heat to produce electricity. The researcher devised a generator which uses alternative source of energy that can be used to harness and store electricity. The energy that will be stored can be used in different applications such as to power and recharge mobile devices. <br><br>The basic model of this study (prototype) as a Thermo-electric generator will consist of an aluminum heat sink and a thermo-electric cooler IC (Peltier device) that will be used as a generator. The two sides of the Peltier device is cold and hot side that will give the temperature difference which are used to generate electricity.<br>","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131515005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentials of Organic Production in Sustainable Development","authors":"V. Terziev, E. Arabska","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3158329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3158329","url":null,"abstract":"The strategic goals of raising competitiveness, human resources development, employment, incomes and social integration along with strategic priorities as infrastructure, entrepreneurship encouragement, favorable business environment, balanced territorial development, etc. consider knowledge and transfer of innovations weaving environmental protection, rational use, conservation and sustainable management of natural resources. Organic production examined by the three pillars of sustainable development provides: economic sustainability – competitiveness increase, strong market orientation and increase in incomes; social sustainability – bigger responsibility towards consumers’ needs, improving quality and safety of food, regional development; ecologic sustainability – a common frame, effective application, control, development of standards of environmental protection, health and welfare. This study has been provoked by the progressive development of organic sector in world scope facilitated by the increase in organic produce demand on one hand and favorable legislative prerequisites on the other. One of the main goals worldwide is the achievement of high levels of food quality and safety as part of economic, social and ecologic sustainability. Thus the striving is after the creation of a market-oriented and competitive agricultural sector improving living conditions in rural areas and work opportunities and applying good environmental practices in water and soil preservation, natural habitats, biodiversity and landscape. In that relation organic farming is one of the most effective approaches of meeting legislative environmental requirements and human priority goals.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"27 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123574201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land Resource in Tanzania: Whose State, Whose Resource?","authors":"Evaristo Haulle","doi":"10.11114/IJSSS.V3I6.1102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11114/IJSSS.V3I6.1102","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses land resource in Tanzania in relation to ownership, access and control for livelihood and development. The ownership of state and resources impacts the community stability and development. The paper employs political ecology approach to analyze the state of art in relation to land. In-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions and Literature review were employed to establish historical trend in relation to conflicts and contradictions that exist in resource management. The paper advances that, since 1895, Tanzania has undergone a number of land reforms. Since then, principles of land tenure have not changed. This resulted to conflicts over land which occurs in different forms and scale. After independence, land was dispossessed in the name of national/or public interest to establish National Parks, agricultural projects and other projects that did not respond to internal demands. After the failure of the projects such land was not returned to the users. Moreover, Tanzania has formulated a number of laws to facilitate accumulation. These include commodification of land that raised its demand hence second scramble. About 16 Acts were enacted annually since 1990 to fulfil the demand that caused the rise of the question whose state. Both Tanzania and Mozambique inherited colonial systems of natural resource management and ownership which continue to inform the current practice. The state apparatuses are the agents of accumulation. The situation will be tense in future if not addressed now.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128862154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seaweed Biomass for the Removal of Basic Dyes From Aqueous Solutions","authors":"D. Politi, O. Kopsidas, F. Batzias, D. Sidiras","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3501384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3501384","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of removing methylene blue (taken as representative for dyes) from aqueous solutions, using sea, forest, agricultural and industrial by-products. Specifically seaweed was used, which comes ample in Greece and from many sources. The material was tested in raw form. Adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of adsorbent dose, pH, contact time and initial adsorbent concentration, on the adsorption process. The adsorption batch kinetics and adsorption equilibrium isotherms were further studied using the data obtained from these experiments. Moreover, adsorption column experiments were carried out and (i) Bohart-Adams and (ii) Clark bed depth column models were successfully used to fit these experimental data.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126987911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards the Implementation of the Comprehensive African Agricultural Development Plan (CAADP) in Zimbabwe: A Propositional Analysis of Key Activities Required for Pillar 1","authors":"A. Mujeyi, R. Murungu, Philemon Handinahama","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2188210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2188210","url":null,"abstract":"CAADP is the agricultural programme of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD), which is therefore a programme of the African Union (AU). Established by the AU assembly in 2003, CAADP focuses on improving food security, nutrition, and increasing incomes in Africa's largely farming based economies. It aims to do this by raising agricultural productivity by at least 6% per year and increasing public investment in agriculture to 10% of national budgets per year. One of the key areas for agricultural and investment is pillar 1 and this paper using evidence and best practices from agriculture projects implemented in three districts in Zimbabwe propose some activities to achieve the goals of this Pillar. Zimbabwe is highly endowed with various natural resources, that if sustainably utilized can help in facilitating household food security. Of critical importance as leant from Wedza district is the pre-requisite of supporting all the activities along commodity value chains (input, production, post-harvest, processing, utilization and marketing) especially targeting crops and livestock that are the main activities in the economy of Zimbabwe covering the 70% of the habitants that reside in rural areas. There is also need to conserve the factors of production especially land that has been degraded and is now highly infertile due to continuous use without nutrient replenishment over the years. Low productivity is the order of the day in most communal areas and this is because of inadequate crop/animal husbandry, limited access to cash to buy inputs, limited access to inputs and commodity markets, complete reliance on rain fed agriculture and unsustainable management and utilization of natural resources. There is therefore need to design activities to address these constraints. Activities like conservation farming, beekeeping , organic farming which uses less inputs while conserving the resources like land, credit schemes to ensure capital to purchase inputs timely and linking the farmers to markets are a potential solution to the constraints faced by farmers. Value addition on all enterprises has not been explored by communities at a commercial level but it is a highly potential lucrative venture.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126384600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards the Optimal Management of the Northeast Arctic Cod Fishery","authors":"A. Richter, A. M. Eikeset, D. van Soest, N. Stenseth","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1865806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1865806","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives pursued by governments managing fisheries may include maximizing profits, minimizing the impact on the marine ecosystem, or securing employment, which all require adjusting the composition of the fishing fleet. We develop a management plan that can be adapted to those objectives and allows the regulator to compare the long-run profits between the various management options. We apply the model to the case of Northeast Arctic cod, and estimate the cost and harvesting functions of various vessel types, the demand function, and a biological model to provide key insights regarding the optimal management of this valuable fish species.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133791585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural Waste Management: Case Study of a Waste Treatment Plant for Animal Manure","authors":"G. Yom Din, E. Cohen","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1599603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1599603","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of agricultural waste management is studied in the Northern agricultural region of the Galilee. There are 25 villages and four urban centers in the region neighboring Lake Kinneret (the Sea of Galilee). The animal manure and residues produced in the region is as follows: cattle and poultry manure, green stuff from orchards, residues from food industry, and residues from the neighboring Wastewater Treatment Plant. The aim of this article is to present a method for evaluating comprehensive solution for agricultural waste treatment, including choosing the suitable technology relating to economic aspects, to agricultural needs, and complying with environmental regulations and acts of the region. The following methods and tools were implemented: data questionnaire was conducted by surveying the region; technology evaluation was carried out; mass, energy and liquid balances were calculated; methane emission was predicted; business and environmental impact evaluation report was prepared. The recommended technology is the Anaerobic Digestion. All the waste is disposed at one site; there will be no need for another disposal site in the future. The plant will treat 320 thousand tons of agricultural waste per year, within 45 km range of service. The investment cost is 8.4 million €. The annual income is 2.69 million €, of which 11% are from Carbon Emission Reductions. The payback period is 9 years; the Internal Rate of Return is 19%. The Waste Treatment plant meets the regulations for noise, odor, air pollution, and soil and underground water contamination.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126101706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}