Applied Ecology eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Environmental Informatics Vis-à-Vis Big Data Analytics: The Geo-Spatial & Sustainable Solutions","authors":"P. Paul, P. Aithal, A. Bhuimali, Tiwary Kalishankar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3670083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3670083","url":null,"abstract":"The merging of Environment and allied subjects such as Informatics has led to the development of Environmental Informatics. Environmental Informatics is a perfect solution for Environment related activities with different tools, techniques and sub-technologies of IT, Computing, Computer Science or allied branches. However, among the emerging technologies most prominent is the Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud Computing (Big Data Analytics). This paper provides a comprehensive study on Environmental Informatics with special reference to the applications of Big Data Analytics. This paper describes the basics of Environmental Informatics, including features, functions, nature, including basics of the Big Data, Analytics as well.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114200801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Developments in FLSmidth Dewatering Technologies for Tailings Disposal to Maximise Water Recovery","authors":"Lucy England, T. Wisdom, F. Schoenbrunn, J. Chaponnel, L. Macnamara","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3633783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3633783","url":null,"abstract":"FLSmidth is one of the world leading suppliers of solid-liquid separation equipment and has been at the forefront of many product developments in thickening and filtration in over 135 years of existence. <br><br>The Phosphate industry consumes vast amounts of water and generates large volumes of tailings. With production increasing and plans to use seawater desalination and domestic wastewater purification as water sources, it is vital to recycle as much water as possible from the tailings. Economically recovering water from the tailings and disposing of the solids are increasingly bigger challenges for this industry.<br><br>Consequently, techniques for dewatering large tonnages of tailings, with minimal power consumption and making use of economies of scale through larger equipment are continuously being sought. This paper will review the different tailings disposal flowsheets and present some of the recent developments by FLSmidth including the Colossal Filter and FLS’ EcoTails TM flowsheet. <br>","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"39 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113936015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Irrigation Management under Temporal and Spatial Variability","authors":"Erkut Sonmez, B. Ata, D. Heeren","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3591414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3591414","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies report that agricultural productivity must improve significantly in the near future to meet the increase in demand due to rapid growth of the world population. One way to improve agricultural productivity is to increase irrigation. However, fresh water scarcity, increasing production costs, and the climate change necessitate sustainable and efficient methods for irrigation, which accounts for nearly seventy percent of global fresh water usage. This paper studies dynamic irrigation management under uncertainty taking into account temporal variability and spatial soil heterogeneity of the field. We show that an (s, S)-type irrigation policy is optimal for the soil structure that is radially homogeneous. Building on this result, we also derive performance bounds and effective heuristic policies for the general case that allows radial soil heterogeneity. Our numerical study reveals that the proposed dynamic irrigation policies can improve farmers' expected net benefit (yield revenue net of irrigation cost) and water savings significantly over the commonly used irrigation policies in practice.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115064777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Financial Sustainability Conscientiousness","authors":"Julia M. Puaschunder","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3525194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3525194","url":null,"abstract":"Financial sustainability conscientiousness is discussed in the focal point of law, economics and governance. The implementation of sustainability accounts for the most challenging contemporary global governance predicaments that seems to pit today’s against future generations in the trade-off of economic growth versus sustainability. As a novel angle towards sustainability, the Sustainable Development Goals are set out to implement sustainability around the globe on a large scale. In the bottom-up implementation of sustainability, tax ethics, public-private-partnerships (PPPs) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are discussed. Behavioral insight nudges to steer bottom-up sustainability action include social status manipulations and joint decision making presentation advantages, which account for easily implementable bottom-up democracy in action tools to ensure natural sustainability choices. As for the climate injustice of diverse gains and losses from a warming globe around the world, a tax-and-bonds strategy is proposed to alleviate the losses of climate change on the macroeconomic gains of a warmer climate. Strengthening financial social responsibility, social welfare and environmental protection through future-oriented and socially responsible economic market approaches of capitalism in the 21st century is aimed at alleviating predictable economic, social and environmental crises to ensure a future sustainable humankind for this generation and the following.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124109940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trees – The Perpetual Carbon Traders","authors":"S. C. Pillai","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3519047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3519047","url":null,"abstract":"The Carbon trading is one of the fastest growing financial markets in the world. It is the most visible result of early regulatory efforts to mitigate climate change, and grew out of the Kyoto Protocol, which was adopted in 1997. The protocol requires that developed countries will achieve greenhouse gas emission reductions of at least 5% against baseline levels of 1990. To help countries achieve that goal it established the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), which promotes sustainable development in developing countries while spurring cost-effective reductions in greenhouse gas emissions in the more polluting developed countries. India offers a large potential for CDM because of its inherent dependence on fossil fuels for development. So countries with relatively low abatement and transaction costs like India are a major attraction for CDM projects. Forestry activities and land use changes contribute about 22% carbon emission in the tropics. On the other hand trees also have the ability to remove equal amount of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthetic activity. Trees play a key role in carbon trading in the tropics and the forests are often called as ‘carbon sinks’. According to one estimate about 1000 G. t. of Carbon is stored in the forests of the world and 50 per cent of the dry weight of a tree is carbon. However the denudation of the forests at a faster rate and illicit felling of trees for various usages have indirectly disturbed the carbon trading and there by leading to accumulation of CO2 in the atmosphere which in turn aids global warming as CO2 is one of the dangerous Green House Gases (GHGs), which play a key role in retention of high temperature on the earth surface.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132730218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nexus Among Bio-plastic, Circularity, Circular Value Chain & Circular Economy","authors":"Shaharia Pavel, A. Khatun, M. Haque","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3509954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3509954","url":null,"abstract":"Bio plastic plastic is an innovative and emerging industry that brings hope as\u0000well as ambiguity from materials sourcing to end life management. Circular\u0000economy (CE) is to decouple economic growth from a carbon footprint and maximum\u0000utilization of renewable resources that keep creating pressure on emerging\u0000bio-based or bio-plastic industry to save our planet from the adverse effect of\u0000traditional plastic industry. Through the article, bio plastic circular value\u0000chain and a flow chart have been developed to understand, how circularity works\u0000in the value chain and stimulate competitiveness, and necessity of practicing\u0000circular economy concept in the bioplastic industry. The research has been\u0000conducted by mini literature review, information and knowledge gain from\u0000stakeholder’s publications, website, books, case study as well as direct and\u0000indirect involvement in bio-plastic industry. We observed bio plastic industry\u0000also needs to practice circularity in the value chain that will ensure more\u0000competitiveness and gain sustainability leadership index.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128626632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Engineering under the Paris Agreement","authors":"A. N. Craik, W. Burns","doi":"10.1163/9789004322714_cclc_2016-0136-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004322714_cclc_2016-0136-003","url":null,"abstract":"Recent assessments of the international community’s ability to hold the increase of global average temperature to well below 2°C, while pursuing efforts to limit that increase to 1.5°C, indicate that this goal is unlikely to be achieved without large-scale implementation of climate engineering (CE) technologies. In light of the prominent, albeit contested, role that CE is likely to play in international climate policy, this Article analyzes the specific provisions of the Paris Agreement with a view to assessing the extent to which the Agreement can provide an institutional framework to effectively govern CE internationally, and how it may shape the development and implementation of CE options. In particular, the Article examines a number of critical interpretive questions that will need to be addressed as states begin to develop CE technologies at large scales, including the need to provide guidance respecting the acceptability of exceeding the Paris targets before drawing down atmospheric CO2 levels, the challenges for equity, human rights, and sustainability objectives that CE poses, and the need to incorporate CE technologies into accounting and incentive structures.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"520 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116335099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study and Design of an Innovative Grid Connected Photo Voltaic Power System","authors":"D. Bhati, Aditya Tiwari","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3368195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3368195","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable energy is an important source of energy now days. As the conventional source of energy is vanishing day by day and the demand or dependency on the energy is increasing then there is an urgent need for reliable energy sources. Photovoltaic (PV) system is a reliable ever growing source of energy. The energy which we get from the solar plant or PV system is clean form of energy. This paper shows an innovative interfacing structure for three phase and associated PV framework. The proposed structure comprises of a buck-boost converter which assumes a critical job in interfacing the three phase grid connection to the PV system. A comprehensive simulation modeling and its results have been provided in this paper.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126725933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Influences and Proenvironmental Behavior: Panel Evidence for the Role of Regional Prevalence and Diversity","authors":"Martin Binder, Ann-Kathrin Blankenberg, H. Welsch","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3353671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3353671","url":null,"abstract":"Pro-environmental behavior depends on the behavior of others. For a UK panel data set, we find that individuals' pro-environmental behavior increases in the behavior of peers in their region. This happens the more so, the greener the self-image of an individual. Diversity of regional green behavior plays a further role, with fractionalization negatively related to pro-environmental behavior and polarization positively so: peer pressure exerts a less strong influence when behaviors are diverse, and a stronger influence when behaviors are very polarized.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126369881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Redlisted Species Follow Benford’s Law?","authors":"B. Kriström","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3266483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3266483","url":null,"abstract":"Benford's law describes how different numbers are distributed as first figures in statistics. The law states, for example, that the number 1 should be the first digit in 30.1% of cases, the figure 2 in 17.6% of the cases and the figure 9 in 4.6% of the cases. If Benford's law is violated, it may be an indication that the numbers may be manipulated, or more generally of low quality. Possibly the most high-profile case is the investigation of the Greek macroeconomic accounts. The Stability and Growth Pact of the EU imposes certain constraints on member countries budget deficits, and there were concerns about the Greek economy in the 2000s. According to some observers, it was \"well-known\" among EU-officials that the Greece numbers were \"cooked\". It is then of some interest to note that the Greek macroeconomic data were those that showed the most significant deviation from Benford's law, compared to all other EU-countries, according to the analysis of Rauch et al (2011). Analysis of the law has used different data sets: Sandron (2003) studies the population of 198 countries (good agreement); Ley (1996) finds that one-day returns for some American indexes follow the law; Gonzalez-Garcia and Pastor (2010) shows that macroeconomic data generally follows Benford's law. Nigrini & Mittelmaier (1997) produces a test for accounting fraud analysis. According to Stigler's (1980) law, the name of the discoverer is often different from the name of the law; it is seemingly widely acknowledged that Newcomb (1881) already made the discovery. Fellman (2014) provides a comprehensive review of the literature. Intuitively, the law does not work well for certain types of data, such as length of humans, where the majority of the numbers start with 1 and a few with 2. We must also have a large data base, so that we have \"enough\" variation in the data. It is not a very intuitive law, although there are some attempts to show that the law follows from certain mathematical arguments. Our approach here is just to apply the law to a certain data-set and explore whether or not it holds true. The law does not prove that the quality of data is bad, but it is sufficiently well tested in so many contexts that a deviation from the law merits a closer investigation of the data generating process.","PeriodicalId":107127,"journal":{"name":"Applied Ecology eJournal","volume":"398 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114437334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}