{"title":"Assessment of mass classification from chest X-ray using double-transfer learning: a comparative study with diverse image selection for single-transfer learning","authors":"G. Fujiya , M. Tang , A. Grasnick","doi":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>AIM</h3><div>The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of double-transfer learning (double-TL) in enhancing the artificial intelligence (AI) model performance of mass image classification of chest X-Ray images.</div></div><div><h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS</h3><div>Chest X-ray images of various diseases (infiltration, atelectasis, effusion, and nodule) were selected for the single-TL phase in double-TL process. Then four AI models (Infiltration-Mass, Atelectasis-Mass, Effusion-Mass, and Nodule-Mass) were trained using double-TL. For comparison, an AI model of Mass was trained using single-TL.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>The area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.795, 0.785, 0.785, and 0.783 for the Effusion-Mass, Infiltration-Mass, Atelectasis-Mass, and Nodule-Mass models, respectively, while the Mass model showed an AUC of 0.788. The Nodule-Mass model achieved the highest recall for disease (0.75) and precision for healthy (0.86). Overall, the double-TL models showed comparable or slightly improved performance over the Mass model.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>Although double-TL showed marginal improvements in some models, such as higher sensitivity in the Nodule-Mass model, overall performance gains were limited. These findings highlight that double-TL may benefit specific tasks but did not consistently outperform single-TL. The performance of double-TL is highly contingent upon both the size and feature similarity of the selected images, indicating that appropriate image selection is crucial for maximising the efficacy of double-TL in healthcare applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10695,"journal":{"name":"Clinical radiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 107023"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144865622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Vadera , L. Pillai , Y. Griffin , W. Adair , A. Syed , H. Chotai , A. Rajesh
{"title":"Evaluating the impact of enhanced resident training on independent acute reporting in radiology","authors":"S. Vadera , L. Pillai , Y. Griffin , W. Adair , A. Syed , H. Chotai , A. Rajesh","doi":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>AIM</h3><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a structured training programme and earlier sign-off processes for radiology residents reduce the proportion of acute scans requiring a subsequent in-hour consultant review (CONREV).</div></div><div><h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS</h3><div>A retrospective comparative analysis was conducted on all acute inpatient and emergency department (ED) scans performed in 2014 and 2022 at a single tertiary centre (University Hospitals of Leicester National Health Service (NHS) Trust). Key interventions introduced after 2014 included the establishment of the Dispersed Radiology East Midlands Academy (DREaM) Academy, enhanced on-call training, earlier acute reporting exposure for junior residents via ST1 on-call, and an in-house post-final Fellowship of the Royal College of Radiologists (FRCR) 2B assessment.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>There was a statistically significant reduction in the proportion of CONREV cases from 69.6% (13,977/20,091) in 2014 to 63.2% (22,155/35,081) in 2022 (<em>P</em><0.001). The reduction was most notable among senior residents (ST4/5), reflecting increased confidence and competence in independent reporting. Additionally, a redistribution of consultant-reviewed cases between neuroradiology and body imaging indicates evolving training priorities and greater resident confidence in computed tomography (CT) head interpretation.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>These findings support the effectiveness of enhanced resident training and sign-off processes in optimising workflow efficiency and managing increased workload.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10695,"journal":{"name":"Clinical radiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 107025"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Jiang , M. Xu , J. Yao, Z. Yang, X. Zhang, W. Wu, H. Guo, X. Xie, X. Xie, T. Huang
{"title":"Multilevel scoring systems based on ultrasound for differentiating between gallbladder adenomatous polyps and non-neoplastic polyps","authors":"L. Jiang , M. Xu , J. Yao, Z. Yang, X. Zhang, W. Wu, H. Guo, X. Xie, X. Xie, T. Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>AIM</h3><div>The aim of this study was to develop multilevel scoring systems based on conventional ultrasound (US) and clinical characteristics to distinguish gallbladder adenoma and non-neoplastic polyps ≥1.0 cm in size in order to reduce the gallbladder unnecessary resection rate (UNRR).</div></div><div><h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS</h3><div>Retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyps measuring ≥1.0 cm at a hospital from January 2011 to January 2022. According to pathology, the patients were divided into adenomatous polyp group and non-neoplastic polyp group. The risk factors were selected by logistic regression, and multilevel scoring systems were constructed. Compared with the current guidelines, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and UNRR were used to evaluate the model.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>The study included 223 patients (aged 18–72 years, 59.2% female), with 48 patients in the adenomatous polyp group and 175 in the non-neoplastic polyp group. The US scoring system considered polyp size, polyp morphology ratio, and the absence of gallstones as risk factors for adenoma. The clinical-US scoring system consisted of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bile acid (TBA), polyp size, homogeneous echogenicity, and gallstones. The clinical US scoring system has better discrimination than the US scoring system. When cholecystectomy was recommended for patients in grade 2–4 of the clinical-US scoring system, the UNRR of non-neoplastic polyps was significantly reduced compared to current guidelines (83.4% vs 100.0%, <em>P</em><0.001), while maintaining comparable sensitivity (0.979 vs 1.000, <em>P</em>>0.999).</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>The multilevel scoring systems based on clinical and conventional US features can effectively differentiate between gallbladder adenomatous polyps and non-neoplastic polyps ≥1.0 cm in size.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10695,"journal":{"name":"Clinical radiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 107024"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144813880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adamkiewicz artery visualisation using iterative model–based reconstruction in low-dose computed tomograpyhy (CT) angiography","authors":"E.J. Chun , S.R. Kang , T.H. Nam , J.Y. Yoo","doi":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>AIM</h3><div>The use of iterative model–based reconstruction (IMR) for the artery of Adamkiewicz (AKA) visualisation using low-dose computed tomography (CT) angiography remains understudied. Therefore, we aimed to compare the image quality and AKA visualisation using a novel knowledge-based IMR with those using hybrid iterative reconstruction (iDose<sup>4</sup>) and filtered back projection (FBP) under a low-dose CT protocol.</div></div><div><h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS</h3><div>Forty-five patients (73.3% male) with aortic aneurysm or dissection who underwent 256-slice multidetector row CT with a low-dose CT protocol (100 kVp and 20 mA) were enrolled. The acquired raw data were reconstructed using FBP, iDose<sup>4</sup>, and IMR and blindly analysed by two observers. Quantitative analysis assessed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the aorta and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the anterior spinal artery measurement relative to the spinal cord on multiplanar reformatted images. Qualitative analysis evaluated AKA visualisation and its continuity with the intercostal or lumbar artery using a four-point scale.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>In the quantitative analysis, both SNR and CNR of IMR (SNR: 35.2 ± 10.2; CNR: 3.8 ± 0.5) were significantly higher than those of iDose<sup>4</sup> (SNR: 21.5 ± 4.9; CNR: 3.1 ± 0.8) and FBP (SNR: 14.1 ± 3.1; CNR: 2.6 ± 0.8) (all <em>P</em><.05). In the qualitative analysis, the mean AKA visualisation score was also significantly better in IMR (3.6 ± 0.6) than in iDose<sup>4</sup> (3.1 ± 0.8) and FBP (2.6 ± 0.8) (<em>P</em><.05). The prevalence of assessable AKA was the highest in IMR (93.3%), followed by iDose<sup>4</sup> (75.6%) and FBP (51.1%).</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>The IMR algorithm provided superior image quality and AKA visualisation compared with iDose<sup>4</sup> and FBP when using low-dose CT angiography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10695,"journal":{"name":"Clinical radiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 107027"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144813881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jing , Q. Liu , H. Xi , H. Zhu , Q. Sun , G. Chen , T. Xu , J. Ren , W. Ren , J. Zhou
{"title":"Utilising preoperative pericoronary adipose tissue radiomics to predict improvements in European heart rhythm association symptom scores postatrial fibrillation ablation","authors":"M. Jing , Q. Liu , H. Xi , H. Zhu , Q. Sun , G. Chen , T. Xu , J. Ren , W. Ren , J. Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>AIM</h3><div>Atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after catheter ablation is clinically challenging; the predictive potential of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) radiomics for symptom improvement remains underexplored. We developed a PCAT radiomics model utilising preablation cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA) to predict symptom improvement among patients with postoperative AF recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS</h3><div>We included 146 patients who experienced AF recurrence after their first radiofrequency ablation procedure. Patients were divided into improvement (n=48) and nonimprovement (n=98) groups based on preoperative and postoperative European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) symptom scores, and into training (n=103) and validation (n=43) cohorts (7:3 ratio). In total, 5,064 PCAT radiomics features were automatically extracted from cardiac CTA images taken within 3 days preoperatively. Feature selection (logistic regression analysis, maximum-correlation minimum-redundancy, and genetic algorithms) and classification (logistic regression [LR], random forest [RF], and support vector machine [SVM]) methods were employed to construct the PCAT radiomics predictive model. Its predictive performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>Five PCAT radiomics features were associated with EHRA symptom score improvement. The area under the curve (AUC) values of the LR, RF, and SVM models were 0.637, 0.858, and 0.756 in the training cohort, and 0.680, 0.812, and 0.751 in the validation cohort, respectively. The RF model had the highest AUC values. Calibration and DCA indicated good clinical efficacy of the radiomics model.</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>The RF model based on preoperative PCAT radiomics features predicts EHRA symptom score improvement in patients with postablation AF recurrence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10695,"journal":{"name":"Clinical radiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 107021"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Zhao , N. Li , B. Jiang , R. Zhang , W. Dong , J. Liu , T. Zhang , Z. Wen , L. Xu , N. Zhang
{"title":"The use of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) to predict coronary artery plaque, with a focus on new, high-risk, and obstructive plaques","authors":"W. Zhao , N. Li , B. Jiang , R. Zhang , W. Dong , J. Liu , T. Zhang , Z. Wen , L. Xu , N. Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>AIM</h3><div>To develop and validate a predictive model based on CCTA-derived fat attenuation index (FAI) for the formation of new, high-risk, and obstructive plaques.</div></div><div><h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS</h3><div>This research retrospectively included 160 patients with cardiovascular risk factors for model development and 60 patients for external verification. All patients underwent at least two CCTA examinations within a 5-year period, and initial results were normal. Newly formed plaques, along with their vulnerability and luminal stenosis was assessed. The FAI was quantitatively evaluated on the three major coronary arteries with the initial CCTA.</div></div><div><h3>RESULTS</h3><div>Among 160 participants, newly formed plaques were identified in 60 patients. FAI had a certain value in predicting new (area under the curve (AUC) 0.723 [95% CI: 0.645, 0.802], with a cut-off value of -80.5 HU, sensitivity of 73.3% and specificity of 64.0%), high-risk (AUC 0.822 [95% CI: 0.715, 0.929], with a cut-off value of -78.5 HU, sensitivity of 90.9% and specificity of 65.3%), and obstructive (AUC 0.823 [95% CI: 0.720, 0.926], with a cut-off value of -77.5 HU, sensitivity of 90.0% and specificity of 74.0%) plaques and exhibited an incremental value compared with conventional clinical risk factors (0.817 vs 0.749; 0.862 vs. 0.700; 0.876 vs 0.740, all <em>P</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>CONCLUSION</h3><div>FAI and cardiovascular risk factors aided in predicting the probability of coronary plaque formation (FAI: -80.5 HU), especially high-risk (FAI: -78.5 HU) and obstructive (FAI: -77.5 HU) plaques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10695,"journal":{"name":"Clinical radiology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 107018"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wen Feng , Mengmeng Qu , Yuhui Xiong , Kun Ji , Wencheng Dang , Zihan Wang , Junqiang Lei
{"title":"Combining intratumoral and peritumoral multimodality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the expression level of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) in breast cancer","authors":"Wen Feng , Mengmeng Qu , Yuhui Xiong , Kun Ji , Wencheng Dang , Zihan Wang , Junqiang Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), a proto-oncogene associated with breast cancer (BC) development and prognosis. This study investigated the predictive value of intratumoural and peritumoural multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for HER-2 expression levels in BC.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective study involved 82 patients with preoperative MRI and postoperative pathological evaluation for HER-2 expression, divided into negative (n = 57) and positive groups (n = 25). MRI was conducted using a 3.0T field strength and involved sequences including iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation quantification (IDEAL-IQ), multiplexed sensitivity encoding intravoxel incoherent motion (MUSE-IVIM), and magnetic resonance image complication (MAGIC). Assessment focused on intratumoural and peritumoural parameters such as fat fraction (FF), relaxation rate (R2∗), tissue diffusivity (Dt), pseudo-diffusivity (Dp), perfusion fraction (f), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), T1 (-/+C), T2 (-/+C), and proton density (PD, -/+C) to enhance differentiation between two groups. Statistical analyses included the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Student's t-test, and Mann-Whitney U-test, along with logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for diagnostic performance evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were significant differences in FF-R1, R2∗-R1, MUSE-Dt-R1, MUSE-Dt-R2, MUSE-Dp-R2, MUSE-ADC-R2, T1-R2, T1+C-R1, T1+C-R2, T1+C-R3, and sub-T1-R2 between the HER-2 positive and negative group. The ROC analysis showed that the combined model (AUC = 0.822, <em>P</em> < 0.001, <em>95% CI</em> = 0.730, 0.913) had higher diagnostic performance for predicting HER-2 expression in BC than other models.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Intratumoural and peritumoural multimodal MRI parameters based on preoperative breast MRI showed potential for the noninvasive evaluation of HER-2 status in BC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10695,"journal":{"name":"Clinical radiology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 107019"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145052135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Mahler , J. DiFatta , P. Mitta , J. Huang , A.J. Gunn , L. Kafchinski , J. Raja
{"title":"Safety, feasibility, and technical success of percutaneous cryoablation to treat vascular anomalies of the extremities","authors":"C. Mahler , J. DiFatta , P. Mitta , J. Huang , A.J. Gunn , L. Kafchinski , J. Raja","doi":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crad.2025.107017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This retrospective study aims to ascertain the safety and efficacy of percutaneous cryoablation in treating vascular anomalies in the extremities.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Anomaly characteristics and safety metrics were extracted from the chart including complications classified according to the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe adverse event scale. Technical success was defined as achieving preprocedural goals in delivering cryotherapy to the targeted anatomy in the prescribed number of sessions. Clinical outcome metrics included assessment of reported symptom improvement and objective improvement on imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight patients met the selection criteria: seven paediatric patients aged 1–18 years and one adult patient aged 45 years, including six females and two males. Seven patients had vascular malformations and one had a vascular tumour. The most common presenting symptoms included localised pain, swelling, and loss of extremity function. Technical success was achieved in all eight patients. Reduction of pain was reported in all eight patients at follow-up in a clinic. Reduction of lesion size on imaging was seen for patients undergoing follow-up imaging. One major adverse event occurred in 11 treatment sessions (9%) resulting in a dermal blister with subsequent spontaneous healing within 6 weeks; a subsequent session was tolerated without incident. Other postoperative adverse effects were minor and transient; all complications and postoperative adverse effects resolved spontaneously within 2 months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cryoablation appears to be an effective and safe treatment in those with vascular anomalies, especially in those previously ineffectively treated with surgery or sclerotherapy, as was seen in seven of eight patients in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10695,"journal":{"name":"Clinical radiology","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 107017"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}