Conservation Biology最新文献

{"title":"Indigenous peoples and local community reports of climate change impacts on biodiversity.","authors":"Albert Cruz-Gispert, David García-Del-Amo, André B Junqueira, Christoph Schunko, Santiago Álvarez-Fernández, Victoria Reyes-García","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change impacts on biodiversity have been primarily studied through ecological research methods, largely ignoring other knowledge systems. Indigenous and local knowledge systems include rich observations of changes in biodiversity that can inform climate change adaptation planning and environmental stewardship. We reviewed literature documenting local observations of climate change impacts on biodiversity reported by Indigenous peoples and local communities. We examined whether reported impacts varied across taxa, geographic regions, and people's main livelihood activities and assessed whether local reports followed geographic and taxonomic patterns found in the natural sciences literature. We also compared taxa reportedly affected by climate change by Indigenous peoples and local communities and by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. Our analyses included 2452 observations of climate change impacts on 1715 taxa from 203 documents describing 291 case studies. Changes in taxon abundance, phenotype, phenology, and distribution were widely reported, and most climate change impacts were reported for plants, fishes, and mammals. Reported impacts differed by geographic region and by livelihood, and most species reported as affected by climate change by Indigenous peoples and local communities were not considered threatened by climate change by the IUCN. Our results showed that Indigenous and local knowledge systems can contribute to a more complete understanding of climate change impacts on biodiversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70033"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect Conservation Crisis","authors":"Craig D. Perl","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of the terms efficiency versus effective in conservation.","authors":"Maite Telletxea, Rafael Miranda","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70038"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of climate change and El Niño anomalies on historical declines, extinctions, and disease emergence in Brazilian amphibians.","authors":"Lucas Ferrante, Fabricio Beggiato Baccaro, Igor Luis Kaefer, Luisa Maria Diele-Viegas, Augusto Getirana, Celio Fernando Baptista Haddad, Luis Cesar Schiesari, Philip Martin Fearnside","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amphibian declines, linked to climate change and disease, pose a global challenge, yet their primary drivers remain debated. We investigated the historical decline of Brazilian amphibians by assessing the influence of climate change, extreme weather events, and the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Our analysis encompassed 90 amphibian species over more than a century (1900-2014). We integrated historical climate data-including El Niño anomalies and Southern Hemisphere temperature records-with documented extreme weather events and amphibian population trends. We used Granger causality tests to assess the potential of various factors to forecast anuran population declines and extinctions in Brazil and structural equation models to evaluate the relationships between the variables of interest. We identified gradual climate change and extreme weather events, particularly El Niño-driven temperature anomalies, as the primary drivers of amphibian population declines in Brazil. The structural equation models supported these findings and showed that climate-driven stressors significantly contribute to population crashes and increase Bd infections. However, Bd infections peaked years after population declines, suggesting that the fungus acts as an opportunistic pathogen rather than a primary driver of amphibian losses in Brazil. These findings challenge the prevailing view that Bd is the main cause of declines, instead highlighting climate anomalies and extreme weather events as the predominant factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70024"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunities, research gaps, and risks in allogenic ecosystem engineer mimicry.","authors":"Brandi Goss, Marissa L Baskett, Robert Lusardi","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an age of anthropogenically driven species loss and increasingly novel ecosystems, ecosystem engineer restoration is a process-based approach to supporting ecosystem function. Many ecosystem engineers have low or declining population sizes. When feasibility and costs impede reintroduction of ecosystem engineers, an alternative may be artificial mimicry of ecosystem engineer structures. Research on mimicry of autogenetic ecosystem engineers, whose physical structure shapes habitat availability and complexity (e.g., tropical corals whose hard skeletons create complex reefs that provide habitat), spans many process scales. However, mimicry of allogenic ecosystem engineers, which shape habitat availability through their behavior (e.g., beavers building dams that influence hydrology), is less well explored. We reviewed the literature to examine the efficacy of artificial mimicry of allogenic ecosystem engineers and gaps in the research. Emerging findings suggest that artificial mimicry could restore physical processes, support focal species, alter biological communities, deliver benefits to landowners and ecosystems, and promote population recovery. However, some studies document the potential for unintended negative consequences for ecosystem engineers or species that use engineered structures or respond to environmental cues produced by engineered structures. Topics requiring additional research include assessing the efficacy of artificial structures as compared with natural structures, evaluating the scalability and cost-effectiveness of mimicry projects, and investigating the potential for unintended consequences with mimicked structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70018"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A spatial planning approach for the identification of critical habitat for threatened species.","authors":"Alejandra Morán-Ordóñez, Gerard Bota, Lluís Brotons, Stefano Canessa, Eladio L García de la Morena, Santi Mañosa, Gabriel Miret-Minard, Manuel B Morales, Juan Traba, Dani Villero, Virgilio Hermoso","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The designation of critical habitat for the conservation of threatened species has long been recognized in the environmental legislation of different countries. However, translating vague legislation about critical habitat into practical real-world designation remains challenging because of its sensitivity to many context- and species-specific criteria and assumptions. We explored how spatial prioritization tools can help navigate such challenges and explicitly address sensitivities. Using a case study on the endangered little bustard (Tetrax tetrax) in Spain and the spatial prioritization tool Marxan, we tested and compared different critical habitat spatial designs across a series of scenarios for the little bustard at the national level. The scenarios accounted for habitat availability requirements over the species' annual cycle, the species' representativeness across the territory, the spatial connectivity of its habitat and populations, and potential cost constraints. This approach allowed us to quantify the sensitivity of critical habitat designations to how these criteria are quantified and integrated. Considering unoccupied habitat as critical habitat for the species generated larger, more spatially aggregated solutions that would likely be harder to implement than scenarios focusing conservation efforts on currently occupied habitat only. Considering the species' extirpation risks at individual planning units as a constraint to management success generated completely different solutions than scenarios assuming homogeneous extirpation risk across the landscape. The overall connectivity of identified critical habitats across the entire study area was double in scenarios that accounted for extirpation risk in individual planning units than that in scenarios that held extirpation risk constant across all units. Our approach, based on freely available software, can help guide conservation efforts by identifying new critical areas that maximize the effectiveness of conservation actions and can be used to assess the sensitivity and uncertainty of critical habitat designation to different criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70022"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing social impact assessments for more effective and equitable conservation","authors":"Neil M. Dawson,&nbsp;Helen Suich","doi":"10.1111/cobi.14453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14453","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Social objectives for conservation have expanded beyond consideration of material costs and benefits to recognize Indigenous Peoples’ and local communities’ rights, the importance of their full and effective participation, and the contribution of customary institutions and plural knowledge systems. Social impact assessment can help conservation professionals understand how social principles are reflected in practice and inform governance improvements. We reviewed the peer-reviewed and gray literature describing methodological approaches and their application to social impact assessments in conservation. We investigated whether the methodologies used empirically are advancing to reflect contemporary social objectives, in particular around rights, procedural justice, and recognition of identities and knowledge. In our initial review of methodological papers, we identified two interrelated themes that can drive high-quality social impact assessment: incorporation of the perspectives, knowledge systems and participation of Indigenous Peoples and local communities, and the completeness and appropriateness of methodological approaches adopted. We categorized these themes into principles of good practice (e.g., local participation and disaggregated social analyses) and used them to analyze empirical social impact assessments and explore the extent to which they were applied. Empirical studies tended not to reflect expanded social objectives or methodological advancements. Few studies covered multiple domains of social impact, disaggregated results by social group, involved Indigenous Peoples and local communities, or presented a clear and informed methodological approach and strategy for use of mixed methods. To improve the quality of social impact assessments commensurate with the needs and social standards associated with conservation in the time of the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, the equitable involvement of Indigenous Peoples and local communities in any assessment; the establishment of clear, appropriate, and complete methodological approaches; and the integration of social impact assessments into governance processes are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cobi.14453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social science integration at state and federal fish and wildlife organizations in the United States","authors":"Michael R. Quartuch,&nbsp;Ashley Gramza,&nbsp;Chelsey Crandall,&nbsp;Emily Pomeranz,&nbsp;Rene Valdez,&nbsp;Natalie Sexton,&nbsp;Ann B. Forstchen,&nbsp;Coren Jagnow","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasingly, conservation professionals and scholars recognize the need for more holistic integration of social science in fish and wildlife management. This call is often framed around the complexity of 21st century conservation challenges and changing societal values toward fish and wildlife and its management. Fish and wildlife management agencies must engage with conservation social sciences to proactively address pressing conservation challenges, such as climate change, habitat degradation, wildfire, and biodiversity loss, and to identify, understand, and be responsive to changing societal needs, interests, and preferences. However, little data exist on fish and wildlife organizations’ abilities to address and effectively incorporate social science information into decision-making processes, policy, or practice. We examined how social science is conducted, supported, and integrated in state and federal fish and wildlife agencies in the United States and the barriers that might stymie successful integration. We surveyed social scientists working in these organizations through an online questionnaire. Although most state and federal social scientists believed social science information is important to their agency, support (e.g., adequate funding, staffing, professional development opportunities) was limited and barriers (i.e., knowledge, capacity, institutional, and ideological) stymied successful integration. To increase support and minimize barriers to integration, we recommend increasing or reallocating funds to hire social scientists to meet agency needs, clearly communicating the importance of conservation social science to staff, providing or funding social science training for all staff, and incorporating social science research methods and best practices in agency decision-making, planning, and policy efforts. Implementing the aforementioned strategies can improve agencies’ abilities to address complex conservation challenges and ensure agencies meet their public trust responsibilities through increased application of social science in fish and wildlife organizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimidation as epistemological violence against social science conservation research","authors":"Stasja Koot,&nbsp;Nowella Anyango-van Zwieten,&nbsp;Sian Sullivan,&nbsp;Wolfram Dressler,&nbsp;Marja Spierenburg,&nbsp;Lisa Trogisch,&nbsp;Esther Marijnen,&nbsp;Robert Fletcher,&nbsp;Inaya Rakhmani,&nbsp;Suraya Abdulwahab Afiff,&nbsp;Tor A. Benjaminsen,&nbsp;Sarah Milne,&nbsp;Hanne Svarstad,&nbsp;Bram Büscher,&nbsp;Anwesha Dutta,&nbsp;Celia Lowe,&nbsp;Nitin D. Rai","doi":"10.1111/cobi.14454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14454","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigated intimidation of conservation social scientists, which is ongoing and aimed at silencing or discrediting research findings. Although social scientists share with conservation biologists the desire to understand and address the biodiversity crisis, their analysis of structural power relations and contradictions in conservation is sometimes not appreciated. Intimidation can take place before and during fieldwork, during the publication process, and after publication in academic and public spheres. We examined our diverse experiences of intimidation, including legal threats, character assassination, physical threats, job exclusion, and curtailment of academic freedom. Diverse actors, including national research granting bodies, international policy makers, donors, ethics bodies, and conservation biologists and organizations, may target research that does not align with their political, economic, financial, and ideological interests. We refer to intimidating practices to suppress or alter unwelcome perspectives or research findings as <i>epistemological violence</i>. Tactics of epistemological violence relate to structural, systemic, symbolic, discursive, and material violence and have significant implications for understanding and improving long-term conservation. Epistemological violence can impede the progress, effectiveness, and social justness of conservation and suppress critical or differently informed perspectives crucial for a well-functioning academia. Intimidation hampers crucial collaborations among disciplines and with societal partners. Epistemological violence has detrimental consequences for affected individuals, the broader conservation community, people living in or near conservation areas, and conservation achievements.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential skills for the training of conservation social scientists","authors":"Laura Thomas-Walters,&nbsp;Francisco Gelves-Gomez,&nbsp;Stephanie Brittain,&nbsp;Lily M. van Eeden,&nbsp;Nick Harvey Sky,&nbsp;Amit Kaushik,&nbsp;Kaylan Kemink,&nbsp;Patricia Manzano-Fischer,&nbsp;Kyle Plotsky,&nbsp;Matthew Selinske","doi":"10.1111/cobi.14456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14456","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since 2000, the field of biodiversity conservation has been reckoning with the historical lack of effective engagement with the social sciences in parallel with rapid declines in biodiversity and escalating concerns regarding socioecological justice exacerbated by many common conservation practices. As a result, there is now wide recognition among scholars and practitioners of the importance of understanding and engaging human dimensions in conservation practice. Developing and applying theoretical and practical knowledge related to the social sciences, therefore, should be a priority for people working in biodiversity conservation. We considered the training needs for the next generation of conservation social science professionals by surveying conservation professionals working in multiple sectors. Based on 119 responses, the 3 most cited soft skills (i.e., nontechnical abilities that facilitate effective interpersonal interaction, collaboration, and adaptability in diverse contexts) were cultural awareness and the ability to understand the values and perspectives of others, people management and conflict resolution skills, and the ability to develop and maintain inter- and intraorganizational networks and working relationships. The 3 most cited technical skills were expertise in behavior change expertise, expertise in government and policy, and general critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Overall, we found that current conservation social scientists believe students and early career conservationists should prioritize soft skills rather than technical skills to be effective. These skills were also correlated with the skills considered hardest to acquire through on-the-job training. We suggest early career conservationists develop essential soft and technical skills, including cultural awareness, networking, critical thinking, and statistical analysis tailored to sectoral and regional needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}