Conservation Biology最新文献

{"title":"Endangered seahorse genomic data recount a past of enforced isolation and guide future conservation efforts.","authors":"Nuno Monteiro, Lucía Pérez-Pardal, Albano Beja-Pereira, Peter R Teske, Louw Claassens","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amid a global biodiversity crisis hastened by climate change, it is urgent that species' declines are halted. To design the most effective conservation strategies to address these declines, the nature and timing of the most probable genetic or nongenetic factors behind population collapses need to be identified. We used high-density RADseq genetic markers to determine the demographic history and track population-level exposure of the Knysna seahorse (Hippocampus capensis), the first syngnathid listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), to historical and current threats. Our results revealed an initial link between sea-level fluctuations and settlement for this estuarine endemic species that occurred on a coastline without obvious alternative habitats that were followed by divergence and progressive isolation of the extant populations. Two of the three extant Knysna seahorse populations, those inhabiting estuaries most affected by floods and natural or human-mediated breaching of the estuary mouths, showed severe and continued contractions in effective population size. We illustrated the potential of genomics for the conservation of the most vulnerable species and their fragile ecosystems and highlighted the urgency and type of measures required to maintain species' persistence and resilience. Our results provide practical insights to help protect this endangered seahorse, namely, the need for proactive management, which is essential for preventing the expected losses of genetic diversity that follow shrinking effective population sizes. Additionally, we showed that hydrological stability and increased substratum availability can foster recoveries without the need for potentially riskier alternatives such as the recently proposed seahorse translocations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70389"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of future land-use transitions triggered by local social conflict on global biodiversity hotspots.","authors":"Haoran Zhang, Yuanchao Hu, Limin Jiao, Zhen Wang, Zhongci Deng, Xiaoping Liu, Yaolin Liu, Yunqi Guo, Qiqi Jia, Xihong Lian","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70386","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identifying and investigating global land-use changes triggered by unforeseen events are critically important for sustainable forest management and biodiversity conservation within the global socioecological framework. In this study, we developed a framework to project and validate land-use changes resulting from the agricultural expansion driven by the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Our results revealed that the Russia-Ukraine conflict likely triggered an additional potential demand for 6.28-6.78 million hectares of cropland in 198 countries and regions. The subsequent agricultural expansion was projected to drive a loss of 8.72-8.81 million hectares of forests (approximately 0.28% of global forests) and additional forest fragmentation during forest-to-cropland conversion, primarily for broadleaf evergreen trees in tropical regions and needleleaf evergreen trees in temperate and boreal regions. However, the forest loss trend was projected to be significantly higher in biodiversity hotspots (0.51-0.91%), where fragmentation will be particularly pronounced for broadleaf deciduous trees and shrubs in temperate areas. When the simulation results were overlaid with the actual cropland data, 59.17-69.36% of the simulated cropland pixels had already been converted to cropland, highlighting the effectiveness and reliability of the simulation results. Our findings highlight the critical importance of taking proactive measures to mitigate the telecoupled consequences of land-use changes that are caused by regional sociopolitical disturbances on forest degradation and natural land fragmentation, especially in biodiversity hotspots. Furthermore, our findings suggest that progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 15, Life on Land, requires moving beyond site-based conservation to recognize habitat security as being shaped by interconnected food trade systems and geopolitical relations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70386"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149024040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation newspeak.","authors":"Vincent Devictor, Laurent Godet","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70354"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predation impacts of free-roaming animals on terrestrial wildlife species.","authors":"Xianzhe Wang, Zikun Gao, Cheng Zong, Kun Shi, Qiaoqi Sun","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.70384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Escalating populations of free-roaming dogs (Canis familiaris) and cats (Felis catus), driven primarily by owner abandonment and unrestricted activity, exert pervasive predatory pressures on wildlife. Predation represents their most direct and destructive ecological impact, contributing significantly to global biodiversity decline. However, a comprehensive understanding of the global spatial patterns and environmental drivers of this threat is lacking, impeding the development of targeted conservation strategies. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic global assessment by analyzing 8933 documented predation events on wild mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians, compiled from 53 peer-reviewed studies employing a meta-analysis approach. Results showed pronounced geographical heterogeneity across continental, country, and ecosystem scales. Africa recorded the highest number of dog predation events (1698), whereas Europe was a hotspot for cat predation (2900). Populations of critically endangered (CR) species in Australia and Japan's Okinawa Islands face exceptionally high predation pressure. Dogs' predation impacts varied little across taxonomic levels. Cats, in contrast, had a taxonomically broader prey spectrum than dogs, and their impacts differed significantly among families, with Leporidae (28.49%), Procellariidae (14.79%), and Muridae (10.05%) being the most affected. Moreover, cat predation rates declined significantly with increasing human population density, longitude, and latitude and varied markedly among climate types, whereas dog predation showed no significant correlation with these environmental covariates. Collectively, our findings demonstrated a fundamental divergence in the ecological impacts, foraging behaviors, and adaptive strategies of free-roaming dogs and cats. Our study underscores the necessity for developing differentiated management strategies tailored to geographical hotspots (e.g., dog aggregation zones, islands, and regions with CR species) and to species-specific behavioral traits to mitigate predation risk and help reverse biodiversity loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70384"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148918059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating migratory connectivity data into the conservation of Australian sharks and rays.","authors":"Diego F Bezerra, Lily K Bentley, Ross G Dwyer, Dina Nisthar, Anthony J Richardson, Colin A Simpfendorfer, Michelle R Heupel, Christoph A Rohner, Simon J Pierce, Daniel C Dunn","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70383","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding migratory connectivity is important for conserving highly mobile marine species facing escalating threats. Establishing baseline information on migratory connectivity is necessary for identifying species and regions requiring transboundary cooperation for their conservation. Despite efforts to track migratory sharks and rays, information on transboundary movements is limited and often inaccessible to managers and policymakers. To address this gap, we synthesized movement information from published studies for Australian shark and ray species listed under the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) and investigated which species require international engagement to support their population recovery. We built connectivity networks from telemetry and mark-recapture studies to provide the first transboundary connectivity baseline for Australian sharks and rays. Of the 29 CMS-listed shark and ray species reviewed, we identified five species linking the Australian Exclusive Economic Zone to other national jurisdictions via migratory connections through the Tasman Sea to New Zealand, through the Tasman and Coral Sea to New Caledonia, and north across the Timor Sea and Torres Strait. White sharks (Carcharhinus carcharias) and whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) were the most data-rich species, whereas 18 species (62%) had no movement data available. Overall, we identified 64 studies for only 12 species, indicating that conservation and management of only a few CMS-listed sharks and rays are informed by understanding their movement, whereas the migratory connectivity of most species remains unknown. These results underscore the need for expanded, multilateral, and species-specific movement studies. Notably, almost two-thirds of endangered or critically endangered migratory sharks and rays had only one or no published studies on their movements. Finally, our results demonstrated the potential for this baseline information to support (or not) the listing of migratory species under CMS. Additionally, this work shows that migratory connectivity baselines can support international reporting, direct international collaboration, and research efforts on critical knowledge gaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early outcomes of England's new biodiversity offset market.","authors":"N E Duffus, S O S E Zu Ermgassen, R Grenyer, O T Lewis","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70371","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nature markets are being operationalized as a tool to address the biodiversity finance gap and achieve global biodiversity targets. However, there is limited understanding of how the outcomes of these markets align with biodiversity targets. One example is the off-site market supporting construction projects that are required to achieve biodiversity net gain (BNG) in England. To quantify the preliminary market outcomes after 16 months of operation, we collected data from England's offset register and planning portals. We evaluated these data to understand the habitat diversity being delivered through the market offsets and offset alignment with environmental targets such as 30×30 under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. We found that current habitat delivery is skewed toward a few habitat types, with other neutral grassland constituting 44% of planned habitat. There is very limited delivery of new wetland and woodland habitats, with most committed offsets being dedicated to improving the condition of existing habitats. More importantly, only approximately 2% of the registered offset area has been sold. Our results demonstrated how the habitat scoring system within the statutory biodiversity metric used to measure BNG is shaping the market through the creation of incentives to deliver particular habitat types. The potential demand constraints identified also highlight the role of government regulation in scaling the market. These lessons from the off-site BNG market extend to other biodiversity offsetting systems and markets globally, particularly those that are using derivatives of England's biodiversity metric.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70371"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Codesigning synergies among ecological, social, and economic benefits with landscape-scale agri-environmental schemes.","authors":"Annika L Hass, Isabelle Arimond, Stefan Schüler, Tobias Plieninger, Sebastian Lakner, Catrin Westphal","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70376","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global farmland biodiversity is declining rapidly, threatening both natural ecosystems and agricultural production. Although agri-environmental schemes incentivize farmers to adopt environmentally friendly measures, the spatial mismatch between their local implementation and the landscape-scale habitat requirements of farmland species has been criticized. Landscape-scale agri-environmental schemes (LAESs) are a promising approach for promoting biodiversity effectively through collaboration among multiple farmers. The success of such collaboration for biodiversity conservation relies substantially on well-functioning social networks and economic profitability for participating farmers. For an LAES to be an effective tool, it is crucial to capitalize on potential synergies among social, ecological, and economic benefits arising from collaborative implementation of LAESs and to promote positive feedback loops. We identified six potential synergies originating from the combined benefits of LAESs based on participatory workshops, expert discussions, and scientific evidence, focusing on intensive agricultural systems in Western Europe. Governance structures, such as a coordinating institution, bottom-up approaches, and adaptations to policy frameworks, can promote synergies and help overcome current challenges and trade-offs. The identified synergies and governance structures will be crucial for shaping future European agricultural policies that promote sustainable farmland biodiversity conservation and may serve as a model for transferring LAESs to other global regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70376"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating biodiversity protection into emergency management.","authors":"Jacey Roche Cerda, Wendy Wright, Tracy L Webb","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70382","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Megafires have emerged as a considerable threat to biodiversity conservation worldwide. The biodiversity-focused response and recovery actions that occurred during Australia's 2019/2020 Black Summer bushfires demonstrate that it is possible to protect biodiversity alongside human life and property during disasters. During the fires, significant government support and collaboration between multiple stakeholders allowed emergency biodiversity conservation interventions to occur rapidly, often while the fires were still burning. To understand what was necessary to permit biodiversity-focused interventions, we conducted a thematic analysis of interviews with 45 people involved in the fire response. We then identified nine distinct themes critical to implementing an emergency response that includes biodiversity conservation concerns and successful planning and execution of interventions: political will, social expectations, collaborative leadership, data acquisition and use, funding, resources, communication, training, and reflection and incorporation. We further evaluated reports and documents describing the implemented interventions and their expected ecological or policy outcomes. Combining our findings with the Multiple Streams Framework approach, we developed a conceptual model demonstrating how the Black Summer fires simultaneously opened a policy window for biodiversity conservation action and revealed the importance of pre-existing networks, resource flows, and adaptive governance for translating emergency-driven political attention into biodiversity emergency management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70382"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148863765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal integration of diurnal and nocturnal interactions enhances the robustness of plant-pollinator networks.","authors":"Yangyang Zhao, Chuan Yan","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70377","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global pollinator declines necessitate a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms that underpin the stability of plant-pollinator networks. However, ecological network research has historically been biased toward diurnal species, neglecting how nocturnal interactions influence overall stability. To address this gap, we compiled a comprehensive dataset of 23 multilayer pollination networks, modeling diel networks as two temporal layers, diurnal and nocturnal, connected by shared plant species globally. We revealed an asymmetric structure between the two layers. The diurnal layer was more species rich and accounted for a greater proportion of core-core interactions, whereas the nocturnal layer exhibited a greater proportion of periphery pollinators and interactions. Crucially, compared with either isolated layer, the integration of these layers into a full diel network generated emergent properties, including higher relative nestedness and significantly greater robustness to pollinator extinctions (under random extinctions, mean diel plant/pollination robustness was 72.6%/47.4% [vs. 68.6%/44.9% diurnal and 62.3%/44.0% nocturnal]; when species were removed by PageRank versatility, these two values reached 88.8%/68.4% [vs. 83.4%/63.2% diurnal and 77.4%/58.7% nocturnal]; and when removed by degree versatility, they reached 87.3%/68.7% [vs. 82.5%/63.3% diurnal and 75.2%/58.9% nocturnal]). This finding was underpinned by a structure of temporal continuity, where shared diel plants acted as core hubs, demonstrating high versatility and low modular adjustability, thereby stabilizing the community across the 24-h cycle. Furthermore, robustness was primarily driven by connectance, whereas multilayer modularity surprisingly showed a significant negative effect, suggesting strong compartmentalization can limit critical compensatory dynamics across modules. Our findings established that the integration of diurnal and nocturnal interactions is a key determinant of pollination network robustness. Therefore, conservation strategies must adopt a full 24-h perspective, prioritizing the protection of core diel plants to safeguard ecosystem resilience under anthropogenic pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework for integrating resilience indicators into risk assessments.","authors":"Benoît Pichon, Sophie Donnet, Isabelle Gounand, Madhur Anand, Sonia Kéfi","doi":"10.1111/cobi.70379","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cobi.70379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, ecosystems are increasingly threatened by climate change and human pressures, yet ecosystem risk assessments predominantly emphasize exposure to stressors while overlooking intrinsic ecosystem resilience-the capacity to absorb and recover from disturbances. We advocate for an integrated framework that explicitly incorporates resilience into ecosystem risk assessments. Through a co-citation analysis on risk assessment and resilience literature for drylands, we identified a persistent disconnect between resilience research and desertification risk assessments. We then developed a framework for integrating resilience indicators into these risk assessments to capture the ability of the vegetation to respond to disturbances. We illustrated such integration using a global dataset of dryland sites to show how accounting for resilience reshapes our understanding of desertification risk by identifying the most fragile areas showing signs of low resilience while experiencing faster changes in climate conditions. Finally, we identified the opportunities and limitations to upscaling this framework at larger scale. By bridging theoretical resilience science and applied risk assessments, our framework offers a conceptual and practical foundation for identifying dryland areas most at risk, thereby supporting proactive management in a warming, drying world.</p>","PeriodicalId":10689,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Biology","volume":" ","pages":"e70379"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148825845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}