Clinical Neurophysiology最新文献

{"title":"Early maturation of neural auditory novelty detection − Typical development with no major effects of dyslexia risk or music intervention","authors":"T. Kujala ,&nbsp;V. Putkinen ,&nbsp;P. Virtala","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the early development of novelty detection and the effect of familial dyslexia risk and infant music intervention on this development.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the longitudinal DyslexiaBaby study, we investigated the maturation of novelty-P3 and late-discriminative negativity (LDN) event-related potentials to novel sounds at birth (N = 177) and at the ages of 6 (N = 83) and 28 months (N = 131).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Novelty-P3 was elicited at all ages, whereas LDN was elicited at 6 and 28 months. Novelty-P3 amplitude was largest at 6 months, and its latency decreased with age. LDN amplitude decreased and latency increased between 6 to 28 months. Dyslexia risk or intervention had no effects, apart from a longer LDN latency in the high-risk than no-risk group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Already neonates respond to novel environmental sounds, indicating prerequisites for detecting potentially relevant events at birth. Maturation influences neural novelty detection.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Novelty detection is crucial for perceiving important events, but its early development has been scarcely studied. We found, with a large sample, that neonates detect novel events, and showed the developmental pattern of its neural signature. The results serve as a reference for studies on typical and atypical novelty-detection development in infancy when behavioral testing is challenging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Pages 131-142"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388245724002645/pdfft?md5=396cb5b88e7850753d8ece8cf4ceab26&pid=1-s2.0-S1388245724002645-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative atlases of high-frequency oscillation and spike rates under Sevoflurane anesthesia","authors":"Hiroshi Uda ,&nbsp;Naoto Kuroda ,&nbsp;Ethan Firestone ,&nbsp;Riyo Ueda ,&nbsp;Kazuki Sakakura ,&nbsp;Yu Kitazawa ,&nbsp;Dominik Choromanski ,&nbsp;Michael Cools ,&nbsp;Aimee F. Luat ,&nbsp;Eishi Asano","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We analyzed the dose-dependent effects of Sevoflurane anesthesia on high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and spike discharges at non-epileptic sites and evaluated their effectiveness in identifying the epileptogenic zone.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We studied 21 children with drug-resistant focal epilepsy who achieved seizure control after focal resective surgery. Open-source detectors quantified HFO and spike rates during extraoperative and intraoperative intracranial EEG recordings performed before resection. We determined under which anesthetic conditions HFO and spike rates differentiated the seizure onset zone (SOZ) within the resected area from non-epileptic sites.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We analyzed 925 artifact-free electrodes, including 867 at non-epileptic sites and 58 at SOZ sites. Higher Sevoflurane doses significantly increased HFO and spike rates at non-epileptic sites, exhibiting spatial variability among different detectors. These biomarkers were elevated in the SOZ more than in non-epileptic sites under 2–4 vol% Sevoflurane anesthesia, with Cohen’s d effect sizes above 3.0 and Mann-Whitney U-Test r effect sizes above 0.5.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We provided normative atlases of HFO and spike rates under different Sevoflurane anesthesia conditions. Sevoflurane elevates HFO and spike rates preferentially in the epileptogenic zone.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Assessing the relative severity of biomarker levels across sites may be relevant for localizing the epileptogenic zone under Sevoflurane anesthesia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Pages 117-130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive effect between transcranial focused ultrasound and transcranial magnetic stimulation on human motor cortex","authors":"Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen ,&nbsp;Yih-Chih Jacinta Kuo ,&nbsp;Chang-Yu Cheng ,&nbsp;Yan-Siou Dong ,&nbsp;Anton Fomenko ,&nbsp;Jean-François Nankoo ,&nbsp;Yi-Ping Liu ,&nbsp;Robert Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Transcranial focused ultrasound (TUS) can suppress human motor cortical excitability. However, it is unclear whether the TUS may interact with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) when they co-delivered in multiple trials.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Nineteen subjects received three different TUS-TMS co-stimulation protocols to the motor cortex including concurrent stimulation (TUS-TMS-C), separated stimulation (TUS-TMS-S), and TMS only. In each condition, two runs of 30 stimulation trials were conducted with a five-minute rest between runs. Motor-evoked potentials (MEP) were recorded during stimulation and at 0, 10, 20, and 30 min after stimulation. The MEP amplitudes after intervention were normalized to the mean pre-intervention MEP amplitude and expressed as MEP ratios. An additional test with TUS alone was applied to all participants to assess whether TUS itself can elicit after-effects.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no significant after-effects of all three interventions on MEP ratios. However, 11 subjects who showed online inhibition (OI + ) during the TUS-TMS-C protocol, defined as having MEP ratio less than 1 during TUS-TMS-C, showed significant MEP suppression at 10, 20 and 30 min after TUS-TMS-C. In 8 subjects did not show online inhibition (OI-), defined as having MEP ratios greater than 1 during TUS-TMS-C, showed no significant inhibitory after-effects. OI + and OI- status did not change in a follow-up repeat TUS-TMS-C test. TUS alone did not generate inhibitory after-effects in either OI + or OI- participants.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results showed that co-delivery of TUS and TMS can elicit inhibitory after-effect in subjects who showed online inhibition, suggesting that TUS and TMS may interact with each other to produce plasticity effects.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>TUS and TMS may interact with each other to modulate cortical excitability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Pages 92-105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-latency afferent inhibition and its relationship to covert sensory and motor hand impairment in multiple sclerosis","authors":"Wendy O. Lasisi ,&nbsp;Katie P. Wadden ,&nbsp;Megan C. Kirkland ,&nbsp;Amber L. Critch ,&nbsp;Caitlin J. Newell ,&nbsp;Lynsey R. Alcock ,&nbsp;Michelle Ploughman","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate sensorimotor integration by quantifying short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) in people with MS who experience manual dexterity problems compared to controls.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>22 people with MS with self-reported manual dexterity problems and 10 sex and age-matched controls were assessed using various upper extremity clinical tests. SAI was assessed by a transcranial magnetic stimulation pulse over the primary motor cortex preceded by peripheral nerve stimulation to the median nerve at 6 interstimulus intervals 2 – 8 ms longer than individualized N20 latencies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Although within normal limits, persons with MS exhibited significantly slower Nine Hole Peg Test performance and pinch strength in the dominant hand. They also exhibited greater sensory impairment (monofilament test) in the dominant hand. Persons with MS showed significantly greater disinhibition of SAI in the dominant hand compared to controls, which was significantly correlated with weaker pinch strength.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Reduced SAI in people with MS, particularly in the dominant hand, signifies disruptions in cortical cholinergic inhibitory activity and is associated with lower pinch strength.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Evaluating changes in SAI may offer insight into the disrupted cortical cholinergic inhibitory activity that contributes to sensorimotor disintegration, potentially advancing disease management in persons with MS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Pages 106-116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388245724002633/pdfft?md5=c6d976307a7f778669499cb59743254b&pid=1-s2.0-S1388245724002633-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infant sleep spindle measures from EEG improve prediction of cerebral palsy","authors":"Erin D. Berja ,&nbsp;Hunki Kwon ,&nbsp;Katherine G. Walsh ,&nbsp;Sara V. Bates ,&nbsp;Mark A. Kramer ,&nbsp;Catherine J. Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Early identification of infants at risk of cerebral palsy (CP) enables interventions to optimize outcomes. Central sleep spindles reflect thalamocortical sensorimotor circuit function. We hypothesized that abnormal infant central spindle activity would predict later contralateral CP.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We trained and validated an automated detector to measure spindle rate, duration, and percentage from central electroencephalogram (EEG) channels in high-risk infants (n = 35) and age-matched controls (n = 42). Neonatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, infant motor exam, and CP outcomes were obtained from chart review. Using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models, we examined whether spindle activity, MRI abnormalities, and/or motor exam predicted future contralateral CP.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The detector had excellent performance (F1 = 0.50). Spindle rate (p = 0.005, p = 0.0004), duration (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001), and percentage (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.001) were decreased in hemispheres corresponding to future CP compared to those without. In this cohort, PLIC abnormality (p = 0.004) and any MRI abnormality (p = 0.004) also predicted subsequent CP. After controlling for MRI findings, spindle features remained significant predictors and improved model fit (p &lt; 0.001, all tests). Using both spindle duration and MRI findings had highest accuracy to classify hemispheres corresponding to future CP (F1 = 0.98, AUC 0.999).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Decreased central spindle activity improves the prediction of future CP in high-risk infants beyond early MRI or clinical exam alone.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Decreased central spindle activity provides an early biomarker for CP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Pages 51-60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into EEG dynamics and network changes preceding dream enactment behaviors in REM sleep behavior disorder","authors":"Ki-Young Jung,&nbsp;Carlos H. Schenck","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Pages 49-50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of common parameters of bipolar stimulation on brain evoked potentials","authors":"Petru Isan ,&nbsp;Samuel Deslauriers-Gauthier ,&nbsp;Théodore Papadopoulo ,&nbsp;Denys Fontaine ,&nbsp;Patryk Filipiak ,&nbsp;Fabien Almairac","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To identify optimal bipolar stimulation parameters for robust generation of brain evoked potentials (BEPs), namely the interelectrode distance (IED) and the intensity of stimulation (IS), in cortical and axonal stimulation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In 15 patients who underwent awake surgery for brain tumor removal, BEPs were elicited at different values of IED and IS, respectively: 5 mm-5 mA, 5 mm-10 mA, and 10 mm-10 mA. The number of BEPs elicited by stimulation, as well as the delays and amplitudes of the N1 waves were compared between the different groups of stimulation parameters and according to the stimulated brain structure (cortical vs. axonal).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The amplitudes of N1 increased with the intensity of bipolar stimulation, either in cortical or axonal stimulation, while N1 peak delays were not affected by the stimulation parameters. Furthermore, axonal stimulation produced more N1s than cortical stimulation, with lower latencies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Understanding the relationship between stimulation parameters and BEP is of utmost importance to determine whether the generated N1 waves accurately reflect the underlying structural anatomy. Other factors, such as stimulation frequency or pulse width and shape, may also play a role and warrant further investigation.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study represents the first step in describing the influence of common bipolar stimulation parameters on robustness of BEPs by examining the impact of IED and IS on the N1 wave.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Pages 26-36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388245724002451/pdfft?md5=ee1cef51462379723b6bbfbeb24b8e02&pid=1-s2.0-S1388245724002451-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced electrophysiological assessments of long tracts involved in intramedullary myelopathy: Report of two cases","authors":"Wen-Che Li, Yan-Siou Dong, Chuan-Hsiu Fu, Yih-Chih Jacinta Kuo, Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142219608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant connectivity of the lateralized readiness system in non-syndromic congenital mirror movements","authors":"Xueyao Lu ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Franz ,&nbsp;Stephen P. Robertson ,&nbsp;David Markie","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Non-syndromic CMM has a complex phenotype. Abnormal corpus callosum and corticospinal tract processes are suggested mechanisms of the mirror movements. To further explore behavioural and neural phenotype(s) the present study tests the hypothesis that the response readiness network comprising supplementary motor area (SMA) and connections with motor cortex (M1) functions abnormally in CMM.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twelve participants with (non-syndromic) CMM and a control group (n = 28) were tested on a probabilistic Go-NoGo task while electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded to assess possible group differences in lateralized readiness of voluntary hand movements together with measures of SMA-M1 functional connectivity.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The CMM group demonstrated delayed lateralized readiness and stronger functional connectivity between left-brain SMA-M1 regions. Connectivity strength was correlated with measures of behavioural performance but not with extent of mirroring.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Abnormalities in brain processes upstream of movement output likely reflect neurocompensation as a result of lifelong experience with mirroring in CMM.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>These findings extend the known neural abnormalities in CMM to include brain networks upstream from those involved in motor output and raise the question of whether neurocompensatory plasticity might be involved.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Pages 61-73"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142239766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pausing propofol during neurosurgery to record intraoperative electrocorticography is feasible;10 years of clinical experience","authors":"Dongqing Sun ,&nbsp;Maryse A. van ’t Klooster ,&nbsp;Elise M. Ringeling ,&nbsp;Eline V. Schaft ,&nbsp;Peter C. van Rijen ,&nbsp;Frans S.S. Leijten ,&nbsp;Matteo Demuru ,&nbsp;Pierre A.J.T. Robe ,&nbsp;Reinier G. Hoff ,&nbsp;Maeike Zijlmans ,&nbsp;the RESPect database group","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2024.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Intraoperative electrocorticography (ioECoG) during neurosurgery is influenced by anesthetics. In our center we stop the propofol to enable interpretation of ioECoG. We reported our clinical experience and evaluated awareness and hemodynamic changes during the propofol-free periods (PFP).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We retrospectively included surgeries with paused propofol administration to record ioECoG (period: 2008–2019). Clinical reports were screened for symptoms of awareness. We compared mean arterial blood pressure (MAP; mmHg) and heart rate (HR;bpm) during PFP to baseline (ten minutes preceding PFP). An increase &gt; 15% was defined as clinically relevant. The association between hemodynamic changes and clinical characteristics was analyzed using logistic regression models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Propofol administration was paused 742 times in 352 surgeries (mean PFP duration 9 ± 5 min). No signs of awareness were reported. MAP and HR increased &gt; 15% in 54 and six PFPs. Five PFPs showed both MAP and HR increases. Prolonged PFP was associated with having MAP and HR increase during surgery (OR=1.18, 95%CI [1.12–1.26]).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Signs of inadequate sedation depth were rare. MAP and HR increases were related to the length of PFP.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>We summarize 10 years of clinical experience with pausing propofol administration during epilepsy surgery to record ioECoG without evidence of awareness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"167 ","pages":"Pages 84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388245724002414/pdfft?md5=906c52adcc1eed29a15d4e5e4fcec57f&pid=1-s2.0-S1388245724002414-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}