X. Zhou, A. Alian, Y. Mols, R. Rooyackers, G. Eneman, D. Lin, T. Ivanov, A. Pourghaderi, N. Collaert, A. Thean
{"title":"In0.53Ga0.47As quantum-well MOSFET with source/drain regrowth for low power logic applications","authors":"X. Zhou, A. Alian, Y. Mols, R. Rooyackers, G. Eneman, D. Lin, T. Ivanov, A. Pourghaderi, N. Collaert, A. Thean","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894419","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports In<sub>0.53</sub>Ga<sub>0.47</sub>As quantum-well MOSFET with source/drain regrowth for logic applications. For a device with L<sub>g</sub>=100nm and EOT of 1.1nm, I<sub>on</sub>=550μA/μm at 0.5V and fixed I<sub>off</sub>=100nA/μm, peak g<sub>m,ext</sub>=2.21mS/μm, and SS=82mV/dec at V<sub>ds</sub>=0.5V are obtained. Minimum SS at V<sub>ds</sub>=0.5V remains 80-87mV/dec for all gate lengths from 500nm to 75nm. To our knowledge, these are the best planar InGaAs-channel MOSFETs in literature. We attribute these advances to the improvement in epitaxy especially the InAlAs buffer, III-V/oxide interface engineering, and source/drain regrowth. A process has been developed to improve dielectric/III-V interface. The effects of EOT scaling on device performance are studied.","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129950981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kamohara, N. Sugii, Yoshiki Yamamoto, H. Makiyama, T. Yamashita, T. Hasegawa, S. Okanishi, H. Yanagita, M. Kadoshima, K. Maekawa, H. Mitani, Y. Yamagata, H. Oda, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Ishibashi, H. Amano, K. Usami, Kazutoshi Kobayashi, T. Mizutani, T. Hiramoto
{"title":"Ultralow-voltage design and technology of silicon-on-thin-buried-oxide (SOTB) CMOS for highly energy efficient electronics in IoT era","authors":"S. Kamohara, N. Sugii, Yoshiki Yamamoto, H. Makiyama, T. Yamashita, T. Hasegawa, S. Okanishi, H. Yanagita, M. Kadoshima, K. Maekawa, H. Mitani, Y. Yamagata, H. Oda, Y. Yamaguchi, K. Ishibashi, H. Amano, K. Usami, Kazutoshi Kobayashi, T. Mizutani, T. Hiramoto","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894413","url":null,"abstract":"Ultralow-voltage (ULV) operation of CMOS circuits is effective for significantly reducing the power consumption of the circuits. Although operation at the minimum energy point (MEP) is effective, its slow operating speed has been an obstacle. The silicon-on-thin-buried-oxide (SOTB) CMOS is a strong candidate for ultralow-power (ULP) electronics because of its small variability and back-bias control. These advantages of SOTB CMOS enable power and performance optimization with adaptive Vth control at ULV and can achieve ULP operation with acceptably high speed and low leakage. In this paper, we describe our recent results on the ULV operation of the CPU, SRAM, ring oscillator, and, other logic circuits. Our 32-bit RISC CPU chip, named “Perpetuum Mobile,” has a record low energy consumption of 13.4 pJ when operating at 0.35 V and 14 MHz. Perpetuum-Mobile micro-controllers are expected to be a core building block in a huge number of electronic devices in the internet-of-things (IoT) era.","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127086511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel metallic complex reaction etching for transition metal and magnetic material by low-temperature and damage-free neutral beam process for non-volatile MRAM device applications","authors":"X. Gu, Y. Kikuchi, T. Nozawa, S. Samukawa","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894362","url":null,"abstract":"A new oxidation reaction at ultralow temperature (-30°C) by bombardment of O2 neutral beam can be enhanced at the extremely low activation energy, which can efficiently form a thin oxide film of all transition metal, such as platinum and ruthenium. Meanwhile, a novel neutral beam enhanced chemical etching for transition metals and magnetic materials was proposed without chemical and physical damages at ultralow temperature through Metallic Complex Reaction process. Highly anisotropic etching profile without both any sidewall re-deposition and damages on magnetic properties could be achieved just with a pure chemical reaction between ethanol and metallic oxide with low kinetic energy by neutral beam for the first time. This new etching technology has been considered as a breakthrough technology to develop next generation MRAM devices.","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131457350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Kobayashi, D. Matsubayashi, S. Nagatsuka, Y. Yakubo, T. Atsumi, Y. Shionoiri, S. Hondo, T. Yamamoto, Y. Okazaki, M. Nagai, S. Sasagawa, D. Ito, Y. Hata, T. Hamada, R. Arasawa, K. Hanaoka, M. Sakakura, H. Suzawa, Y. Yamamoto, S. Yamazaki
{"title":"Scaling to 50-nm C-axis aligned crystalline In-Ga-Zn oxide FET with surrounded channel structure and its application for less-than-5-nsec writing speed memory","authors":"Y. Kobayashi, D. Matsubayashi, S. Nagatsuka, Y. Yakubo, T. Atsumi, Y. Shionoiri, S. Hondo, T. Yamamoto, Y. Okazaki, M. Nagai, S. Sasagawa, D. Ito, Y. Hata, T. Hamada, R. Arasawa, K. Hanaoka, M. Sakakura, H. Suzawa, Y. Yamamoto, S. Yamazaki","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894421","url":null,"abstract":"We report novel FETs with a structure in which not only the top surface but also the side surfaces of island-shaped c-axis aligned crystalline indium-gallium-zinc oxide (CAAC-IGZO) serving as a channel are surrounded by a gate electrode, that is, surrounded channel CAAC-IGZO FETs. The FETs maintained their favorable subthreshold characteristics even if the channel length was scaled down to approximately 50 nm, i.e., normally-off, DIBL of 67 mV/V, SS of 92 mV/dec, and an off-state current lower than the measurement limit (0.1 pA) for a gate insulating film EOT of 11 nm. Moreover, we applied an FET with such a structure to a memory and discussed the writing time and the retention time, which were expected to be less than 5 ns and greater than 1,000 sec, respectively, for storage capacitance of 1 fF from circuit simulation.","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132743624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design methodology of tri-gate poly-Si MOSFETs with 10nm nanowire channel to enhance short-channel performance and reduce Vth & Id variability","authors":"M. Saitoh, K. Ota, C. Tanaka, T. Numata","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894425","url":null,"abstract":"We present the optimum design of tri-gate poly-Si nanowire transistors (NW Tr.) based on the systematic performance and variability analysis for various NW width (W<sub>NW</sub>) and thickness (T<sub>Si</sub>) down to 10nm. I<sub>on</sub> difference between poly-Si and crystalline-Si Tr. at short L (down to 25nm) is much smaller than long L due to poly-Si defect-barrier lowering by high lateral field. I<sub>on</sub> of poly-Si pFETs is close to nFETs due to smaller interface defects. Both W<sub>NW</sub> and T<sub>Si</sub> scaling reduces S factor, SCE and A<sub>vt</sub> (V<sub>th</sub> & I<sub>d</sub> variations) caused by random grain placement. A<sub>vt</sub> of thin poly-Si Tr. falls even below doped bulk Tr. Since short-NW Tr. suffers from high R<sub>SD</sub> and low μ, narrow and tall poly-Si NW Tr. is the best for 3D CMOS.","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121909913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sills, Shuichiro Yasuda, Jonathan Strand, A. Calderoni, K. Aratani, A. Johnson, N. Ramaswamy
{"title":"A copper ReRAM cell for Storage Class Memory applications","authors":"S. Sills, Shuichiro Yasuda, Jonathan Strand, A. Calderoni, K. Aratani, A. Johnson, N. Ramaswamy","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894368","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid memory systems that incorporate Storage Class Memory (SCM) as non-volatile cache or DRAM data backup are expected to bolster system efficiency and cost because SCM promises higher density than DRAM cache and higher speed than the storage I/F. This paper demonstrates a Cu-based resistive random access memory (ReRAM) cell that meets the SCM performance specifications for a 16Gb ReRAM with 200MB/s write and 1GB/s read [1].","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116891287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ning, T. Iwasaki, K. Shimomura, K. Johguchi, G. Rosendale, M. Manning, Darlene Viviani, T. Rueckes, K. Takeuchi
{"title":"23% faster program and 40% energy reduction of carbon nanotube non-volatile memory with over 1011 endurance","authors":"S. Ning, T. Iwasaki, K. Shimomura, K. Johguchi, G. Rosendale, M. Manning, Darlene Viviani, T. Rueckes, K. Takeuchi","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894384","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotube (CNT) non-volatile memory provides excellent cell characteristics of >1011 endurance, low power, fast <;5ns array program, and multi-level cell (MLC) potential. For the first time, optimal program methods are investigated considering speed, power and cell variability. Discrete cells are measured and a multiple-pulse reset scheme is proposed to reduce verify-reset time and a gate pulse verify-reset scheme further reduces array program energy by 40%.","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125451096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuan Dong, Wei Wang, Xinran Xu, X. Gong, D. Lei, Qian Zhou, Zhe Xu, S. Yoon, G. Liang, Y. Yeo
{"title":"Germanium-Tin on Silicon avalanche photodiode for short-wave infrared imaging","authors":"Yuan Dong, Wei Wang, Xinran Xu, X. Gong, D. Lei, Qian Zhou, Zhe Xu, S. Yoon, G. Liang, Y. Yeo","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894428","url":null,"abstract":"The first demonstration of Germanium-Tin on Silicon (Ge<sub>1-x</sub>Sn<sub>x</sub>/Si) avalanche photodiode (APD) for short-wave infrared (SWIR) imaging is reported. The temperature dependence of breakdown voltage was characterized. An extracted thermal coefficient of 0.05% K<sup>-1</sup> indicates that the Ge<sub>1-x</sub>Sn<sub>x</sub>/Si APD achieved a lower thermal sensitivity than conventional III-V-based APDs. At the wavelength λ of 1600 to 1630 nm, a responsivity of ~ 1 A/W (bias voltage V<sub>bias</sub> = -9.7 V) was achieved due to the internal avalanche gain of Ge<sub>1-x</sub>Sn<sub>x</sub>/Si/Si APD. The monolithic and CMOS-compatible Ge<sub>1-x</sub>Sn<sub>x</sub>/Si APD presented here shows promise in SWIR imaging applications where low-cost and high sensitivity sensing arrays are needed.","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124613022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Kim, S. Kodama, Y. Mizushima, N. Maeda, H. Kitada, K. Fujimoto, T. Nakamura, D. Suzuki, A. Kawai, K. Arai, T. Ohba
{"title":"Ultra thinning down to 4-µm using 300-mm wafer proven by 40-nm node 2Gb DRAM for 3D multi-stack WOW applications","authors":"Y. Kim, S. Kodama, Y. Mizushima, N. Maeda, H. Kitada, K. Fujimoto, T. Nakamura, D. Suzuki, A. Kawai, K. Arai, T. Ohba","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894347","url":null,"abstract":"An ultra-thinning down to 4-μm using 300-mm wafer proven by 40-nm Node 2Gb DRAM has been developed for the first time. Three different types of thinning process including coarse grinding, fine grinding, and stress relief were optimized and an atomic level vacancy less than 10-nm in depth at backside of wafer was formed successively. Thickness uniformity even after thinning down to 4-μm was approximately 1-μm within 300-mm wafer. No degradation in terms of retention characteristics and distribution employing 2Gb DRAM wafer was found after ultra-thinning. This suggests that no damage occurred due to thinning processes including wafer bonding and debonding steps. These results indicate good feasibility for multi-stack Wafer-on-Wafer (WOW) processes with the lowest aspect ratio of TSVs and parasitic capacitance, and enable multi-stacking for Tera-scale high density memory.","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"3 26","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113963274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Cheng, S. Seo, J. Faltermeier, D. Lu, T. Standaert, I. Ok, A. Khakifirooz, R. Vega, T. Levin, J. Li, J. Demarest, C. Surisetty, D. Song, H. Utomo, R. Chao, H. He, A. Madan, P. Dehaven, N. Klymko, Z. Zhu, S. Naczas, Y. Yin, J. Kuss, A. Jacob, D. Bae, K. Seo, W. Kleemeier, R. Sampson, T. Hook, B. Haran, G. Gifford, D. Gupta, H. Shang, H. Bu, M. Na, P. Oldiges, T. Wu, B. Doris, K. Rim, E. Nowak, R. Divakaruni, M. Khare
{"title":"Bottom oxidation through STI (BOTS) — A novel approach to fabricate dielectric isolated FinFETs on bulk substrates","authors":"K. Cheng, S. Seo, J. Faltermeier, D. Lu, T. Standaert, I. Ok, A. Khakifirooz, R. Vega, T. Levin, J. Li, J. Demarest, C. Surisetty, D. Song, H. Utomo, R. Chao, H. He, A. Madan, P. Dehaven, N. Klymko, Z. Zhu, S. Naczas, Y. Yin, J. Kuss, A. Jacob, D. Bae, K. Seo, W. Kleemeier, R. Sampson, T. Hook, B. Haran, G. Gifford, D. Gupta, H. Shang, H. Bu, M. Na, P. Oldiges, T. Wu, B. Doris, K. Rim, E. Nowak, R. Divakaruni, M. Khare","doi":"10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLSIT.2014.6894390","url":null,"abstract":"We report a novel approach to enable the fabrication of dielectric isolated FinFETs on bulk substrates by bottom oxidation through STI (BOTS). BOTS FinFET transistors are manufactured with 42nm fin pitch and 80nm contacted gate pitch. Competitive device performances are achieved with effective drive currents of Ieff (N/P) = 621/453 μA/μm at Ioff = 10 nA/μm at VDD = 0.8 V. The BOTS process results in a sloped fin profile at the fin bottom (fin tail). By extending the gate vertically into the fin tail region, the parasitic short-channel effects due to this fin tail have been successfully suppressed. We further demonstrate the extension of the BOTS process to the fabrication of strained SiGe FinFETs and nanowires, providing a path for future CMOS technologies.","PeriodicalId":105807,"journal":{"name":"2014 Symposium on VLSI Technology (VLSI-Technology): Digest of Technical Papers","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125504388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}