Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination最新文献

{"title":"Applying hose-type soft waterworks in construction of fire ponds and reservoirs","authors":"Alexey N. Komyakov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2022.3.36-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2022.3.36-45","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of shear stability and hydrodynamic characteristics when interacting with water flow from hose-type soft filled waterworks. Structures of this type are applied to improve hydrological and track conditions, to construct temporary water supply reservoirs, booms for oil spills prevention. The research is aimed at determining calculated dependencies to justify parameters of hose-type filled structures when they are used as dikes and protection structures. Methods. Theoretical method has been used to obtain calculated dependences of structure shear stability. Hydrodynamic characteristics during hose structures interaction with water flow have been determined experimentally on models using similarity theory. Findings. Technique for calculating structure shear stability has been developed. Dependence has been obtained to determine stability factor, which allows setting required values for hose structures and blanket length to achieve stability factor standard value, depending on generated pressure together with soil and shell material frictional properties. Determining factors of interaction process between soft cylindrical containers and water flow have been established and dependencies have been obtained for determining coefficients of water resistance to their longitudinal and transverse displacement, depending on dimensions and velocity pattern. Dependences have been obtained for considering shallow water influence with longitudinal and transverse hose tanks under conditions of unlimited fluid and shallow water. Research application field. The research results can be used in developing methodology for calculating soft water-filled waterworks parameters for constructing fire ponds, protective dams and accumulating water reserves. The dependencies obtained for calculating water resistance to cylindrical hose-type tanks displacement in conditions of unlimited fluid and shallow water can be used when performing traction calculations and substantiating towing parameters during moving operations and deploying protective booms. Conclusions. Some issues of applying inflatable hose structures for constructing dikes and protective barriers have been studied. Research will be continued in the direction of parameters optimization, improving this type of structure construction and developing technologies for their installation.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128735853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STEEL STRUCTURES FIRE RESISTANCE ASSESSMENT UNDER STANDARDIZED FIRE TEMPERATURE REGIMES","authors":"V. Golovanov, G. Kryuchkov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.3.52-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.3.52-60","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Fire development model application field to assess fire resistance of steel basic structures, taking into account the terms of use of buildings and structures was determined. Methods. The regulatory sources were analyzed by the authors; calculation of steel structures heating with and without fire protection were carried out under the conditions of a standard temperature regime of a fire and a regime of hydrocarbons combustion using the Ansys software package; the calculations were compared with experimental data. Findings. The conducted research to assess steel structures fire resistance under the conditions of a standard temperature fire regime and hydrocarbons combustion regime demonstrated the possibility of calculating their heating using the Ansys software package. It has been established that the fire resistance limit for the loss of steel structures bearing capacity without fire protection at a standard temperature regime is 2 times higher than at a hydrocarbon temperature regime, and with fire protection made of cement-sand plaster or Newspray coating - 1.2-1.3 times. Research application field. The calculated values of the limits of steel basic structures fire resistance with fire protection made of cement-sand plaster or Newspray coating for a standard fire temperature regime can be used in the design and reconstruction of residential, public and office buildings. When designing buildings and structures of oil and gas, petrochemical enterprises, offshore fixed platforms for oil and gas production, the calculations outcomes for steel structures fire resistance under conditions of a hydrocarbon temperature regime should be used. Conclusions. The possibility of calculating the actual limit of fire resistance of unprotected steel building structures and structures with fire protection under the conditions of a standard fire temperature regime and hydrocarbons combustion regime with using the Ansys software package was determined. The resulting nomograms of steel structures fire resistance with fire protection made of cement-sand plaster and the Newspray coating may be used to design passive fire protection systems at construction sites, taking into account the standardized fire temperature regimes, depending on the terms of structures use.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129055184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FACTORS OF FIRE TRANSFER IN THE TERRITORIES, ADJACENT TO FACILITIES OF THE ECONOMY AND SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE","authors":"K. Vlasov, S. Gundar, Mikhail Danilov, M. Danilova, A. Denisov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.2.41-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.2.41-46","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126678617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of fire safety requirements application under the conditions of a risk-based activity model","authors":"I. Lobaev, Vitaly V. Pleshakov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2023.2.121-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2023.2.121-130","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE. Risk-based activity model is aimed at reducing administrative pressure on business in order to develop national economy. In this regard, the federal state fire supervision (FSFS) bodies are faced with the challenge of applying the minimum necessary fire safety requirements, justified by the calculation, taking into account the risk of causing harm in order to avoid unreasonable costs for the right holders of the protected facilities for excessive fire safety requirements. However, the application of complex calculated estimates of fire danger level to develop proportionate fire safety measures when conducting control and supervision activities is impossible due to lack of time. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an information support tool for employees of the FSFS bodies, which makes it possible to qualitatively assess the compliance of the protected facility with the fire safety requirements within the time specified by law. The purpose of the research is to enhance the technologies of conducting FSFS in connection with the social and economic conditioning of goals of control and supervision activities. The objectives of the research are to justify the need for the development and application of rapid assessments for a reliable calculated danger level and acquisition of skills to establish the proportionality of fire safety requirements to the danger level. METHODS. The theory of system analysis, risk theory, methods of information synthesis, methods of expert analysis, are the scientific basis of the study. FINDINGS. In the current social and economic conditions, it is necessary to enhance the technology of conducting FSFS on the basis of proportionality of interference of control and supervision bodies with the activities of persons being inspected. The costs for fire safety provision are many times greater than fire damage prevented by these measures. This creates social tension in the application and implementation of fire safety requirements as it reflects the disproportionate interference of control and supervision bodies into the activities of controlled persons. Such inefficient application of fire safety requirements has developed due to inconsistencies in the area of effective fire safety requirements application to the risk of causing harm (damage), which shows their insufficiency or redundancy in relation to fire damage. RESEARCH APPLICATION FIELD. The results of the study can be used to develop fire safety requirements, for law enforcement practice by employees of the FSFS, for students, masters and adjuncts of educational institutions of fire-technical profile. CONCLUSIONS. The need to develop information support tools for inspectors of the FSFS bodies in the form of rapid fire risk assessments has been confirmed and is due to the measure of responsibility that falls on the FSFS bodies when making decisions on the mandatory requirements proportionate to the risk of causing harm. In this regard, the area of effective ap","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121730172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METHOD FOR DETERMINING FOAM EXPANSION WHEN DELIVERING FROM FOAM CANNONS AND MONITORS WITH FOAM NOZZLES","authors":"Ivan Olkhovskiy, A. Feschenko, V. Mezhenov, S. Skvortsov, Lll Korufire»","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.4.57-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.4.57-61","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134001643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aircraft lightning protection in aviation of EMERCOM of Russia","authors":"V. Butko, M. Gorbunova, V. Zykov, M. Krupin","doi":"10.25257/fe.2022.4.30-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2022.4.30-38","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133740144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMERGENCE PROCESS SIMULATION OF DESTRUCTIVE EVENTSON THE TERRITORIES OF THE REGION WITH HIGH ENGAGEMENT LEVEL OF FIRE AND RESCUE UNITS","authors":"M. Kozhevnikov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.3.89-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.3.89-97","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The main objectives of the article include the analysis of fire and rescue units activities and emergence process simulation of destructive events on the territories of the region with a high level of workload. The main principle of organizational design is to respond timely to any destructive event which has happened in the settlement, when it is sufficient to eliminate this event with a set of means and forces. In this regard, it is necessary to analyze the operational situation, simulate the conditions in which fire and rescue units operate, and then take into account the obtained results when making recommendations for fire and rescue units reorganization of towns and regions on the proposed territories. Methods. To achieve the objectives stated above applying mathematical and statistical models, the emergence process of events including fires, traffic accidents, emergencies has been described. Findings. The detailed analysis of the current operational situation on the studied territories with high engagement level of fire and rescue units has been carried out. Applying probabilistic-statistical modeling, it has been found that the emergence process of destructive events comply with Poisson’s distribution with the corresponding parameter. Research application field. The obtained results will make it possible to develop recommendations on reorganizing and improving fire protection of towns on the studied territories. Conclusions. In future, it is of interest to simulate the time characteristics of fire and rescue units’ operation in the region: to build an appropriate mathematical model, to study the employment time and arrival time of fire and rescue unit at the scene.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"12 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115445212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DECISION-MAKING ALGORITHM FOR ENSURING FIRE SAFETY OF MUNICIPAL DISTRICTS ON THE BASIS OF THE COMPLEX INDICATOR","authors":"S. Popkov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.2.70-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.2.70-76","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124568377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPING THE SIMULATION SYSTEM OF FIRE UNITS OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND ITS ADAPTATION TO VIETNAM FRAMEWORK","authors":"S. Sokolov, N. Brushlinsky, Q. N. Pham","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.2.5-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.2.5-14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124020049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Algorithm of actions of fire service to extend high-pressure hoses when extinguishing a fire on the railway","authors":"Sergey N. Anikin, Mikhail M. Danilov, Aleksey N. Denisov, P. Korolev, Andrey A. Litvinov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2022.3.99-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2022.3.99-109","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Rail transport is one of the safest types of transportation, however, train accidents and catastrophes entail loss of life and significant property damage. A topical issue is the uninterrupted fire suppressant supply in case of fires on the railway. The authors present the results of an experiment on the development of a connecting device prototype to extend high-pressure hoses during firefighting. Methods. The authors have applied a comprehensive analysis of situational factors on the basis of practical experience in conducting fire extinction, preliminary planning and descriptions of the operational situation at a fire scene. The simulation of fire unit actions in extinguishing a fire on the route between stations has been carried out. Tests of the developed sample, a connecting device for high-pressure hoses, have been carried out as well. Findings. The authors have determined a significant degree of influence of fire unit actions on the effectiveness of performing the major combat mission, as well as the possibility of using the optimized management task route by the Fire-Ground Commander. The author team has developed a connecting device prototype to extend high-pressure hoses during fire fighting. Research application field. The study results are aimed at rationalizing the fire extinguishing process and organizing management to perform the main combat mission on the infrastructure of rail-type transport. The results can be applied to improve the forces of units involved in performing the main combat mission, increase the training facilities and capacities of Fire Service and introduce fire protection educational institutions into the process of training as well. Conclusions. The results of the experiment on the development of a connecting device prototype to extend high-pressure hoses during fire fighting in hard-to-reach places are presented. An algorithm for using a high-pressure hose in railway transport is proposed. It will allow reducing the consumption of a fire extinguishing agent relative to normal pressure hoses and increasing the distance for its use.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124497994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}