Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination最新文献

{"title":"Efficiency of command-staff exercises for working out the issues of eliminating emergency situations and providing first aid to victims","authors":"Marina M. Krupchak, Irina V. Masserova","doi":"10.25257/fe.2022.3.118-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2022.3.118-124","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The article presents the results of the field command-staff exercise (СSE) analysis, conducted by State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia in the Noginsk Rescue Center of EMERCOM of Russia. The purpose of the study was to determine the level of СSE effectiveness based on the feedback received from the cadets of the Academy. The indicators of СSE participants satisfaction with the professional level of practical training have been revealed. Based on the analysis and evaluation of the study results practical recommendations aimed at optimizing the educational process are formulated. Methods. An empirical research method has been used to objectify the scientific data. A survey of a certain number of respondents has been conducted in order to study the students’ subjective opinions. The obtained results have been interpreted by the rank correlation method. Findings. Based on the analysis of scientific sources and the results of the data obtained, practical recommendations are formulated and prospects for further research are outlined. Research application field. The scope of the study includes the solution of practical problems for working out the issues of emergency situations elimination and first aid provision to victims, which is the priority in the activities of EMERCOM of Russia. Conclusions. The analysis of the obtained results made it possible to sum up the CSE results, to determine the degree of achieved learning goals. The measures necessary to eliminate the identified shortcomings and further improve the preparation for extreme activities in emergency situations of peacetime and wartime have been identified.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115332836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of extinguishment fires in a gas compressor station engine room with temperature-activated water","authors":"R. Khalikov, V. Khalikov","doi":"10.25257/fe.2023.1.70-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2023.1.70-77","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Theoretical studies stated that one of the ways to increase the extinguishing efficiency of temperature-activated water (TAW) is the introduction of water-soluble inhibitory compounds into it. However, simulation of total flooding of confined volumes fires by this medium and field experiments confirming the theoretical conclusions were not carried out. The aim of the work was the experimental study of total flooding of fires in gas compressor stations engine rooms with the introduction of inhibitory salts. To realize it, the following tasks were solved: 1) analysis of existing models of total flooding of fires and the formation of a TAW model in the PyroSim hardware and software complex; 2) carrying out mathematical simulation of total flooding of fires with TAW. Methods. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used to evaluate the available data. To study total flooding processes, the theory of branched-chain combustion processes was used. The objectivity of the found theoretical dependencies was confirmed by the experimental method. Findings. The experimental study allowed us to confirm the objectivity of the theoretical dependencies found. The most effective distribution of the polydisperse droplet phase of TAW was determined to create inhibitory properties. Temperature reduction dependences in a confined volume on the quenching time were determined. Research application field. The obtained models can be used to increase the efficiency of suppressing flame combustion in a confined volume. Conclusions. The obtained results will form the theoretical basis for describing the mechanisms of total flooding with TAW.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130993071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REVIEW OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON EMERGENCY OIL PRODUCTS SPILLS","authors":"S. Batmanov, M. Samokhin, Stanislav Sukharsky, V. Tishchenko, T. Tishchenko, Llc “Pozharnaya Okhrana”, Llc “Aksion”, Llc Gazprom dobycha Nadym","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.1.32-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.1.32-35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127340617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THEORY OF CIVIL PROTECTION IN THE MODERN SYSTEM OF KNOWLEDGE BRANCHES","authors":"S. Chebotarev, A. Ovsyanik, I. Lysenko","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.3.63-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.3.63-70","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125379761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRIMARY CONVERTERS FOR OPERATIONAL GAS ANALYSIS","authors":"S. Kalugin, A. Gulyaev, I. Reformatskaya, A. Ryabev, Russian Space Systems, Jjsc Russian Space Systems","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.1.89-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.1.89-92","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"406 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126681706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPLICATION OF CGI-ANIMATIONS FOR LABORATORY WORKS ON FIRE SAFETY IN TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES COURSE IN DISTANCE LEARNING","authors":"Shvyrkov S., Shvyrkov A., P. A","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.4.75-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.4.75-81","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The article demonstrates the capabilities of CGI-animation technologies in creating video clips for laboratory works on the course of Fire Safety in Technological Processes and the options for their use in both traditional and distance learning, which is especially timely taking into consideration threat of spreading coronavirus infection. Methods. To create video clips for laboratory works, methods and techniques of 3D graphics have been used, including the creation of volumetric models of the objects best matching the real ones, scene formation, animation, visualization and working with video. Findings. CGI-animation technologies have been used for creating video clips for laboratory works on the following topics of Fire Safety in Technological Processes course: – studying fire hazard of pressure increase in a heated apparatus with a liquid; – studying flammability of sparks impact and friction; – studying the parameters of fire and explosion hazard during flammable and combustible liquids evaporation into still environment; – studying the parameters of fire and explosion safety when ventilating devices from combustible gases and vapors. Research application field. The video clips for laboratory works created on the CGI-animation technologies basis are successfully used both in traditional and distance types of training on the course of Fire Safety in Technological Processes at State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia. Conclusions. Laboratory works using CGI-animation can be successfully applied both in distance and traditional learning formats, which diversifies the educational process and makes it more intense. CGI-animation technologies can be successfully used for developing educational content for various subjects not only for distance learning, but also for the other forms of education. In the future laboratory works can be improved through creating virtual laboratory works on their basis.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"94 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113969302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FIRE RESISTANCE OF ENCLOSING LIGHT WOODEN FRAME CONSTRUCTIONS WITH POLYMER THERMAL INSULATION OF CARBONIZING TYPE","authors":"E. Kruglov, F. Shutov, R. Aseeva","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.3.71-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.3.71-80","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123971442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncertainties in calculating the parameters of a gas-air cloud explosion during an emergency release of liquefied natural gas in open space","authors":"I. A. Teterin","doi":"10.25257/fe.2023.1.44-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2023.1.44-50","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Increasing production of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in the Russian Federation raise the risk of the accidental LNG releases. To prevent the negative consequences of a possible gas-air cloud explosion during LNG release, it is necessary to predict probable emergency scenarios. Regulatory documents for determining fire risk make it possible to define the likely consequences of an explosion of liquefied hydrocarbon gases (LPG) vapor clouds, however the application of calculation methods for LNG requires additional analysis. Methods. The analysis of methods for calculating the parameters of a gas-air cloud explosion in an open space is carried out, the consequences of real gas-air clouds explosions during the emergency LNG release are analyzed. Findings. The analysis of the methods has showed the main uncertainties in predicting the parameters of LNG vapor cloud explosion. Propagation features of LNG vapor cloud, the influence of various gases that are part of LNG are not taken into account. Research application field. The results obtained will allow improving the method for calculating the pressure of the gas-air clouds explosion during the emergency LNG release. Conclusions. The analysis of the real accident with LNG release has showed that the calculated pressures obtained on the basis of the methods are incomparable with the explosion consequences. The further direction for improving the methodology of calculating the explosion pressure of gas-air clouds during the emergency LNG release is determined. To improve the methodology it is necessary to determine the effect of combustible gases, which are part of LNG, on the parameters of the explosion, and also take into account the effect of low temperatures of LNG vapor cloud.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115711596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF COMPREHENSIVE FIRE SAFETY MONITORING SYSTEM AT POWER ENGINEERING FACILITIES","authors":"V. Zykov, D. Zhuravlev","doi":"10.25257/fe.2019.2.9-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2019.2.9-15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129855318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL INSTALLATION FOR DETERMINING CRITICAL INTENSITY OF FOAM DISCHARGE TO A TANK WITH HIGH-OCTANE GASOLINE","authors":"S. Shvyrkov, I. Apanasenko, A. Tretyakov, S. Makarov, A. Feschenko, S. Voevoda","doi":"10.25257/fe.2021.3.30-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/fe.2021.3.30-36","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The analysis of normative documents regulating the amount of foam supply intensity for extinguishing high-octane gasoline was carried out in the research. The developed technique of determining foam supply critical intensity by various methods depending on the initial heating of high-octane gasoline is described, as well as the experimental installation that allows implementing a combined foam discharge method whereby foam is simultaneously discharged both onto the surface of the combustible liquid and under the layer. Methods. The authors analyzed normative documents regulating fire extinguishment of oil and petrochemicals. The study was carried out at the experimental installation developed according to the appropriate test method. Findings. The analysis of normative documents indicated differences in the criteria for choosing foam discharge intensity for high-octane gasoline. It was decided to determine the possibility of applying increasing factors for standard values of foam discharge intensity depending on time of free fire development in a high-octane gasoline tank. The experimental installation was based on the standardized installation according to GOST R 50588, which was modernized for possible foam discharge in a combined way. Fuel is preheated to determine the heating temperature effect on foam application rate. Model foam generators with a flow rate of 1.8-2.2 g/s and pans of various diameters were used to change the intensity of foam discharge. Research application field. This technique will be used for obtaining data on determining the most effective method of extinguishing high-octane gasoline at different time intervals. The experimental installation will allow obtaining new data on choosing intensity and methods of foam discharge for modern mixed gasolines. Conclusions. The carried-out work showed the relevance of conducted research work aimed at assessing the value of foam discharge critical intensity applying various methods depending on the initial heating temperature of high-octane gasoline in the tank. To determine the target value, the experimental stand and the corresponding test procedure have been developed, the results of which will be given in further publications.","PeriodicalId":105490,"journal":{"name":"Fire and Emergencies: prevention, elimination","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124640396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}