{"title":"Repairability of rubber-backed vitrimer composites under variations of impact damage","authors":"Jun Young Choi , Ji Ho Jeon , Sung-Hoon Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the effectiveness of rapid heat pressing repair on composites made of vitrimer matrix, a reshapable and recyclable polymer, subjected to varying degrees of impact damage. Two types of composites were fabricated for impact testing: randomly oriented glass fiber reinforced vitrimers (GFRV) and woven carbon fiber reinforced vitrimers (CFRV). Izod pendulum impact tests were conducted on samples along both the thickness and width. Impacts with varying energy levels were applied to induce different degrees of damage, allowing for the assessment of impact strength degradation and repair effectiveness. Additionally, a rubber adhesive layer was applied to the back of composites to quantitatively measure the increase in energy absorption and its effect on repair performance. The findings demonstrate the potential of rapid heat pressing repair in restoring the mechanical integrity of vitrimer composites and highlight the influence of a rubber adhesive layer in enhancing energy absorption and repair efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102102"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rui Wang , Xiuqin Zhang , Mengfei Yuan , De-Yi Wang , Jing Zhang , Ye-Tang Pan
{"title":"Fire retardancy of epoxy composites: A comparative investigation on the influence of porous structure and transition metal of metal-organic framework","authors":"Rui Wang , Xiuqin Zhang , Mengfei Yuan , De-Yi Wang , Jing Zhang , Ye-Tang Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline porous materials constructed by metal nodes and organic linkers. A series of key features such as high surface area, catalytic performance provide a platform for preparing MOF-based fire retardants (FRs). However, understanding the role of the porous structure and catalytic metal species remains a key issue towards the fire retardant mechanism of MOFs. This work systematically studied the difference between the performance of a zirconium based MOF(UiO-66), its derived porous zirconium oxide (U-ZrO<sub>2</sub>), and commercial ZrO<sub>2</sub> (C-ZrO<sub>2</sub>), in imparting fire retardancy, suppressing smoke and charring property towards epoxy. With the presence of 3 wt% porous U-ZrO<sub>2</sub>, EP/3U-ZrO<sub>2</sub> sample showed better performance in suppressing heat (10 % reduction) and toxic carbon monoxide (14 % reduction) than that of EP/3C-ZrO<sub>2</sub> due to the “tortuous path” effect and formation of a compact char. Moreover, a greater number of exposed catalytic sites on MOF compared with thermally treated metal oxide significantly reduced total smoke production (TSP) of the EP/MOF sample by 38 %. Catalytic carbonization attributed to the great number of metal sites on MOF is crucial in providing compact char residue, thereby suppressing smoke for EP. In perspective, this work opens a window for understanding the fire retardant mechanism of MOF-based FR towards polymers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102087"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The high-toughness mechanism of heterogeneous solid solution HfC-TaC-HfO2 composite ceramics","authors":"Z.Y. Tan , G.N. Xu , Y.B. Peng , S.Y. Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Homogenisation and low-temperature sintering of multicomponent ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs) are crucial technologies for their applications. However, the potential of utilizing the heterogeneous solid solution between UHTCs as a means of toughening has been neglected. The current work proposes a novel inhomogeneous solid solution phase composed of isomorphic HfC and TaC, which is designed to induce additional fracture energy dissipation. This phase is achieved using an ingenious powder screening method combined with the introduction of HfO<sub>2</sub> sintering additive. The hardness and fracture toughness of the composite ceramics reached 14.9 ± 1.3 GPa and 6.5 ± 0.4 MPa m<sup>1/2</sup>, respectively. The toughening mechanism was studied using real two-dimensional structure stress simulation and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Uneven valence electron concentration results in the ductile to brittle transition of Hf<sub>1-x</sub>Ta<sub>x</sub>C. Crack deflection and bridging toughening mechanisms originate from the second phase stress of HfO<sub>2</sub> particles and the heterogeneous matrix. This discovery will provide a noteworthy research direction for the design of high toughness multicomponent UHTCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102097"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiqiang Shan , Xiaohua Jia , Jin Yang , Zhaofeng Wang , Haojie Song
{"title":"Cellulose-based binder assisted exfoliation of large-sized boron nitride nanosheets for improved thermal management capability of polymer films","authors":"Zhiqiang Shan , Xiaohua Jia , Jin Yang , Zhaofeng Wang , Haojie Song","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) are widely used as fillers for flexible thermal interface materials due to their excellent thermal conductivity and insulating properties. However, the interfacial thermal resistance between the BNNS hinders the rapid transfer of heat from the electronics. Herein, we introduced a cellulose-based “binder” (ENC/CMC) into the ball milling process to assist in the exfoliation of h-BNNS with large-size structures. The micro-scale interfacial friction force and macro-scale mechanical shear stress greatly enhance exfoliation efficiency. The highly dispersed cellulose/h-BNNS dispersions were mixed with an aqueous PVA solution, and densified films were obtained by the sol-gel-film conversion process. Large-sized h-BNNS are uniformly arranged in the cellulose network, resulting in a strong mechanical architecture and continuous thermal conductivity pathways in the PVA matrix. Consequently, the <span><span>ENC@h-BNNS/PVA-0.75</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> demonstrated thermal conductivity of up to 2.31 W/mK while achieving maximum tensile strength (168.4 MPa), which were increased by 950 % and 66.6 % over ENC/PVA film and showed excellent flexibility and thermal stability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102094"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced flame-retardant melamine foam with ultra-sensitivity and prolonged fire warning, featuring smart device-integrated graphene oxide/attapulgite nano-coating","authors":"Yunyirui Liu, Changhua Li, Rongkai Wu, Jixin Gong, Bihe Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing flame retardancy and fire-warning capabilities of thermal insulation materials used in building external walls is crucial for ensuring fire safety as well as guarding people's lives and assets. Herein, we have developed an environmentally friendly nano-coating that possesses flame-retardant and early-warning properties by integrating graphene oxide (GO) and attapulgite (ATP) onto melamine foam (MF) through a layer-by-layer self-assembly method (LBL). The GO-ATP-MF composite demonstrates a rapid response to flame (<1 s) due to GO's thermally induced reduction. Additionally, ATP's synergistic flame-retardant effects on both gas and condensed phases contribute to outstanding flame retardancy, enabling an enduring fire alarm duration (>1330 s). The warning duration time of this composite surpasses the majority of GO-based fire-warning nano-coatings reported to date. Moreover, incorporating a Bluetooth wireless transmission system facilitates real-time fire information sharing among smart devices, thereby optimizing fire signal transmission efficiency. Thus, this study advances GO-based flame-retardant nano-coatings and devices with high sensitivity and prolonged fire-warning capabilities, providing an innovative idea to enhance the fire safety of MF as a thermal insulation material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102086"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xianglong Sun , Huaguan Li , Yanyan Lin , Siyi Xiang , Rui Zhou , Wenyi Liu
{"title":"Influence of interfacial properties on incremental forming of Al-CFRP composite laminates","authors":"Xianglong Sun , Huaguan Li , Yanyan Lin , Siyi Xiang , Rui Zhou , Wenyi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Incremental forming technology is an advanced, flexible manufacturing process that forms components without the need of mold, offering unique advantages in trial production, rapid prototyping, and small batch manufacturing of complex-shaped components. However, efficient fabrication of Al-CFRP composite laminates presents challenges due to the limited destructive strain characteristics of the carbon fiber layers and the complexity of their interfacial structure. It is crucial to explore the feasibility of producing Al-CFRP composite laminates using incremental forming technology and to examine the influence of interface friction properties on deformation behavior and forming defects. Various interfacial friction conditions are constructed by changing the forming temperature, focusing on the analysis of the forming defects and deformation laws of Al-CFRP composite laminates. The results demonstrated that. After the resin is softened by heating, the incremental forming of Al-CFRP composite laminates are feasible by the relative sliding between the fiber layer and the metal layer. When Al-CFRP composite laminates exhibit a large interfacial friction in a relatively low forming temperature range, the metal layer was easy to break first owing to the fiber bridging effect. Then, with the increase of temperature, the interface friction decrease significantly and the fracture of the metal layer was improved significantly, but the fiber layer was prone to fold. The fiber direction significantly affects the deformation behavior of the metal layer through interfacial stress transfer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102084"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrophobic and chemically bonded BNNSs@PDA/ODA nanosheets to enhance the protective properties of silicone-epoxy coatings on 2024 Al-alloy","authors":"Rongcao Yu, Zhihai Lin, Minglong Luo, Bing Lei, Fengyuan Shu, Xin Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the challenging marine environment, organic coatings often fail to provide long-lasting protection. This study presents a novel approach for synthesizing multifunctional nano-pigments by utilizing hydrophobic and chemically bonded BNNSs@PDA/ODA nanosheets. The synthesis involves anchoring polydopamine (PDA) onto boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs), followed by grafting octadecyl amine (ODA). This dual modification effectively prevents agglomeration of BNNSs and enhances their adhesion with silicone-epoxy resins at the interface. Comprehensive characterization confirms the successful grafting of ODA onto PDA-modified BN nanosheets, significantly improving the barrier properties of coatings. Remarkably, after immersing in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 75 days, the composite coating BNNSs@PDA/ODA-SE exhibits an impedance modulus (|Z|<sub>0.01Hz</sub>) of 10<sup>10</sup> Ω cm<sup>2</sup> at low frequency, surpassing that of pure SE coating by nearly three orders of magnitude. The superior protective performance of the composite coating can be attributed to the synergistic effect between the physical barrier generated by BNNSs, insoluble complexes formed by Al<sup>3+</sup>-PDA, and the high hydrophobic surface network provided by ODA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102096"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tianlei Yao , Diansen Li , Hongmei Zuo , Xiaolong Jia , Lei Jiang
{"title":"Effect of temperature and loading mode on flexural properties and failure mechanisms of fine weave punctured C/C composites over 2000 °C","authors":"Tianlei Yao , Diansen Li , Hongmei Zuo , Xiaolong Jia , Lei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fine weave punctured C/C composites are extensively utilized in aerospace applications owing to their superior mechanical properties. The effects of temperature over 2000 °C and loading mode on the flexural properties and failure mechanism were reported. It was found that the load-displacement curves of Y-direction flexure showed linear characteristics, but those of Z-direction flexure showed nonlinear characteristics because of interlayer failure. The flexural performances in the Z-direction were significantly higher than in the Y-direction. Both Y- and Z-directions flexural strengths increased dramatically, but flexural moduli initially climbed and subsequently declined with increasing temperature. In contrast with room temperature, the Y- and Z-direction flexural strengths increased by 55.6 % and 188.5 % at 2000 °C, while their corresponding flexural moduli increased by 14.3 % and 40.4 % at 1200 °C. Flexural failure in the Y direction was primarily distributed along the rows of Z-yarns. Due to narrower slits and tighter composite connections, failure gradually spreads over the Z-yarns at higher temperatures. While, the failure cracks of Z-direction flexural specimens were mainly distributed in the interlayer. As the temperature rose, the carbon fiber monofilaments of the pulled Z-direction yarns became harder linked, with neater breaks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102088"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced X-band microwave shielding via Fe3O4 nanoparticle-decorated few layered nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxides: Synthesis, characterization, and performance assessment","authors":"Theertharaman Govindasamy , Nibin Kolanjikombil Mathew , Vinaya Kumar Asapu , Venkatachalam Subramanian , Balakumar Subramanian","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, developing lightweight with good microwave (MW) shielding efficacy materials are exceedingly challenging. The challenging task for a few layers of nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (FLN-rGO) derived from thermal N-deposition with an exfoliation under the pyrolysis process. Concurrently, nitrogen-doped heteroatoms FLN-rGO structure possessing an additional electron can enhance the electrical conductivity and function as an electroactive site that enhances MW shielding effectiveness (SE). Besides, the synthesized Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-FLN-rGO NCs are self-sustaining, lightweight, and have strong chemical stability and outstanding MA performance due to the presence of chemical interaction between each other and the development of hierarchical structure formation. The structural and chemical interaction properties of pristine and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-FLN-rGO composites are investigated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These analyses confirmed that Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs are homogeneously decorated on the FLN-rGO surface and revealed the chemical interactions between Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and N-rGO, as evidenced by the Fe–O–C bonding signal observed in the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-N-rGO (1:2) composites. The Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs demonstrated remarkable saturation magnetization (M<sub>s</sub>) and low coercivity (H<sub>c</sub>), indicating that quantum confinement effects moderate their soft ferromagnetic characteristics. With a lightweight shielding materials thickness of 0.5 mm, these composites demonstrated an outstanding average MW SE of 44.73 dB at 8 GHz and a superb MW attenuation value (α = 845.05), indicating their excellent efficacy as materials for advanced MW shielding applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102091"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daobing Chen , Xiaolong Zhang , Ruteng Wang , Zhen Lin , Gang Li , Yifeng Lei , Longjian Xue , Sheng Liu
{"title":"Bio-inspired spreadable multi-signal self-sensing covering composite material for intelligent devices","authors":"Daobing Chen , Xiaolong Zhang , Ruteng Wang , Zhen Lin , Gang Li , Yifeng Lei , Longjian Xue , Sheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coco.2024.102085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spreadable materials with multi-sensing capabilities offer a wide range of application possibilities. They can be applied directly to the surface of intelligent devices, facilitating the creation of self-sensing shells. Despite significant progress in the development of such materials, expanding their diverse sensing capabilities remains a critical focus in this field. Here, we present a spreadable material endowed with multiple signal self-sensing capabilities. The material, which can be easily applied to the surface of devices, offers real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity, and device damage. This material comprised carbon black nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, exhibiting excellent electrical conductivity. It exhibited a temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR) of approximately 0.35%per°C, a humidity sensing sensitivity ranging from 3.57 to 4.31 Ω/RH%, and a strain sensing sensitivity gauge factor value of approximately 2.3. We anticipate that the proposed strategy utilizing spreadable multi-signal sensing materials will be extensively applied to the surfaces of various intelligent equipment, thereby furnishing a diverse range of signal data crucial for both safeguarding intelligent systems and enhancing environmental monitoring capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"51 ","pages":"Article 102085"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}