Communications Chemistry最新文献_第7页

Photoaging enhances the leaching of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and transformation products from polyvinyl chloride microplastics into aquatic environments 光照增强了聚氯乙烯微塑料中邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯和转化产物在水生环境中的沥滤作用

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01310-3

Charlotte Henkel, Thorsten Hüffer, Ruoting Peng, Xiaoyu Gao, Subhasis Ghoshal, Thilo Hofmann

{"title":"Photoaging enhances the leaching of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and transformation products from polyvinyl chloride microplastics into aquatic environments","authors":"Charlotte Henkel, Thorsten Hüffer, Ruoting Peng, Xiaoyu Gao, Subhasis Ghoshal, Thilo Hofmann","doi":"10.1038/s42004-024-01310-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42004-024-01310-3","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing chemical pollution is a threat to sustainable water resources worldwide. Plastics and harmful additives released from plastics add to this burden and might pose a risk to aquatic organisms, and human health. Phthalates, which are common plasticizers and endocrine-disrupting chemicals, are released from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics and are a cause of concern. Therefore, the leaching kinetics of additives, including the influence of environmental weathering, are key to assessing exposure concentrations but remain largely unknown. We show that photoaging strongly enhances the leaching rates of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) by a factor of 1.5, and newly-formed harmful transformation products, such as mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), phthalic acid, and phthalic anhydride from PVC microplastics into the aquatic environment. Leaching half-lives of DEHP reduced from 449 years for pristine PVC to 121 years for photoaged PVC. Aqueous boundary layer diffusion (ABLD) is the limiting mass transfer process for the release of DEHP from pristine and photoaged PVC microplastics. The leaching of transformation products is limited by intraparticle diffusion (IPD). The calculated mass transfer rates can be used to predict exposure concentrations of harmful additives in the aquatic environment. The environmental weathering of plastics and the leaching kinetics of additives are key to assessing exposure concentrations. Here, the authors show that photoaging enhances the leaching rate of the common additive di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) by a factor of 1.5, and newly-formed harmful transformation products, such as mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), phthalic acid, and phthalic anhydride, are released from PVC microplastics into the aquatic environment.","PeriodicalId":10529,"journal":{"name":"Communications Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42004-024-01310-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Women in chemistry: Q&A with Dr Ritika Gautam-Singh 化学界的女性与 Ritika Gautam-Singh 博士的问答

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01302-3

引用次数: 0

Women in chemistry: Q&A with Professor Hyunjoo Lee 化学界的女性与 Hyunjoo Lee 教授的问答

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01291-3

引用次数: 0

Women in chemistry: Q&A with Dr. Stefanie Flohr 化学界的女性与 Stefanie Flohr 博士的问答

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01290-4

引用次数: 0

Women in chemistry: Q&A with Dr Janelle Sauvageau 化学界的女性与 Janelle Sauvageau 博士的问答

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01277-1

引用次数: 0

Women in chemistry: Q&A with Professor Shixuan Du 化学界的女性杜诗璇教授问答

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01292-2

引用次数: 0

A new electrolyte for molten carbonate decarbonization 用于熔融碳酸盐脱碳的新型电解质

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01306-z

Gad Licht, Kyle Hofstetter, Xirui Wang, Stuart Licht

{"title":"A new electrolyte for molten carbonate decarbonization","authors":"Gad Licht, Kyle Hofstetter, Xirui Wang, Stuart Licht","doi":"10.1038/s42004-024-01306-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42004-024-01306-z","url":null,"abstract":"The molten Li2CO3 transformation of CO2 to oxygen and graphene nanocarbons (GNCs), such as carbon nanotubes, is a large scale process of CO2 removal to mitigate climate change. Sustainability benefits include the stability and storage of the products, and the GNC product value is an incentive for carbon removal. However, high Li2CO3 cost and its competitive use as the primary raw material for EV batteries are obstacles. Common alternative alkali or alkali earth carbonates are ineffective substitutes due to impure GNC products or high energy limitations. A new decarbonization chemistry utilizing a majority of SrCO3 is investigated. SrCO3 is much more abundant, and an order of magnitude less expensive, than Li2CO3. The equivalent affinities of SrCO3 and Li2CO3 for absorbing and releasing CO2 are demonstrated to be comparable, and are unlike all the other alkali and alkali earth carbonates. The temperature domain in which the CO2 transformation to GNCs can be effective is <800 °C. Although the solidus temperature of SrCO3 is 1494 °C, it is remarkably soluble in Li2CO3 at temperatures less than 800 °C, and the electrolysis energy is low. High purity CNTs are synthesized from CO2 respectively in SrCO3 based electrolytes containing 30% or less Li2CO3. The transformation of CO2 to oxygen and graphene nanocarbons using lithium carbonate as an electrolyte is a promising, large-scale process for CO2 removal and valorization, but lithium carbonate is already in high demand as an important battery material. Here, the authors report the use of strontium carbonate as an alternative electrolyte in the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to carbon nanotubes.","PeriodicalId":10529,"journal":{"name":"Communications Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42004-024-01306-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Donor-only substituted benzene achieves thermally activated delayed fluorescence 只有供体取代的苯实现热激活延迟荧光

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01301-4

Masashi Mamada, Sawako Yada, Masahiro Hayakawa, Ryota Uchida, Hiroshi Katagiri, Takuji Hatakeyama, Chihaya Adachi

{"title":"Donor-only substituted benzene achieves thermally activated delayed fluorescence","authors":"Masashi Mamada, Sawako Yada, Masahiro Hayakawa, Ryota Uchida, Hiroshi Katagiri, Takuji Hatakeyama, Chihaya Adachi","doi":"10.1038/s42004-024-01301-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42004-024-01301-4","url":null,"abstract":"Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is a promising mechanism for harvesting triplet excitons in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The donor–acceptor (D–A) design is the most conventional strategy for developing efficient TADF emitters. A subsequently emerged approach, known as the multiple resonance (MR) effect, also employs electron-donating and electron-withdrawing functional groups. Thus, developing TADF materials has traditionally relied on ingenuity in selecting and combining two functional units. Here, we have realized a TADF molecule by utilizing only a carbazole donor moiety. This molecule is an unusual example in the family of TADF materials and offers better insight into the electronic structures in the excited states for luminescent materials. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is a promising mechanism for harvesting triplet excitons in organic light-emitting diodes, but TADF molecules typically rely on multiple functional units, such as both an electron donor and an electron acceptor. Here, the authors develop a TADF molecule using only benzene and carbazole donor moieties.","PeriodicalId":10529,"journal":{"name":"Communications Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42004-024-01301-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Short-lived calcium carbonate precursors observed in situ via Bullet-dynamic nuclear polarization 通过子弹动力核偏振原位观测到的短寿命碳酸钙前体

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01300-5

Ertan Turhan, Masoud Minaei, Pooja Narwal, Benno Meier, Karel Kouřil, Dennis Kurzbach

{"title":"Short-lived calcium carbonate precursors observed in situ via Bullet-dynamic nuclear polarization","authors":"Ertan Turhan, Masoud Minaei, Pooja Narwal, Benno Meier, Karel Kouřil, Dennis Kurzbach","doi":"10.1038/s42004-024-01300-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42004-024-01300-5","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of (meta)stable pre-nucleation species (PNS) challenges the established nucleation-and-growth paradigm. While stable PNS with long lifetimes are readily accessible experimentally, identifying and characterizing early-stage intermediates with short lifetimes remains challenging. We demonstrate that species with lifetimes ≪ 5 s can be characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy when boosted by ‘Bullet’ dynamic nuclear polarization (Bullet-DNP). We investigate the previously elusive early-stage prenucleation of calcium carbonates in the highly supersaturated concentration regime, characterizing species that form within milliseconds after the encounter of calcium and carbonate ions and show that ionic pre-nucleation species not only govern the solidification of calcium carbonates at weak oversaturation but also initiate rapid precipitation events at high concentrations. Such, we report a transient co-existence of two PNS with distinct molecular sizes and different compositions. This methodological advance may open new possibilities for studying and exploiting carbonate-based material formation in unexplored parts of the phase space. Identifying and characterizing early-stage pre-nucleation species intermediates with short lifetimes remains challenging. Here, the authors study early-stage prenucleation of calcium carbonates from highly supersaturated solutions and characterize species with lifetimes below 5 seconds via ‘Bullet’ dynamic nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":10529,"journal":{"name":"Communications Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42004-024-01300-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Polymorphism of pyrene on compression to 35 GPa in a diamond anvil cell 芘在金刚石砧室中压缩至 35 GPa 时的多态性

IF 5.9 2区化学

Communications Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01294-0

Wenju Zhou, Yuqing Yin, Dominique Laniel, Andrey Aslandukov, Elena Bykova, Anna Pakhomova, Michael Hanfland, Tomasz Poreba, Mohamed Mezouar, Leonid Dubrovinsky, Natalia Dubrovinskaia

{"title":"Polymorphism of pyrene on compression to 35 GPa in a diamond anvil cell","authors":"Wenju Zhou, Yuqing Yin, Dominique Laniel, Andrey Aslandukov, Elena Bykova, Anna Pakhomova, Michael Hanfland, Tomasz Poreba, Mohamed Mezouar, Leonid Dubrovinsky, Natalia Dubrovinskaia","doi":"10.1038/s42004-024-01294-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42004-024-01294-0","url":null,"abstract":"Structural studies of pyrene have been limited to below 2 GPa. Here, we report on investigations of pyrene up to ~35 GPa using in situ single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction in diamond anvil cells and ab initio calculations. They reveal the phase transitions from pyrene-I to pyrene-II (0.7 GPa), and to the previously unreported pyrene-IV (2.7 GPa), and pyrene-V (7.3 GPa). The structure and bonding analysis shows that gradual compression results in continuous compaction of molecular packing, eventually leading to curvature of molecules, which has never been observed before. Large organic molecules exhibit unexpectedly high conformational flexibility preserving pyrene-V up to 35 GPa. Ab initio calculations suggest that the phases we found are thermodynamically metastable compared to pyrene-III previously reported at 0.3 and 0.5 GPa. Our study contributes to the fundamental understanding of the polymorphism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and calls for further theoretical exploration of their structure–property relationships. Structural studies of pyrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, have so far been limited to below 2 GPa. Here, studying the crystal structure of pyrene up to ~35 GPa using in situ single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction in diamond anvil cells, the authors discover two previously unobserved polymorphs, and find that gradual compression results in continuous compaction of molecular packing, eventually leading to a curvature of the molecules.","PeriodicalId":10529,"journal":{"name":"Communications Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42004-024-01294-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0